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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3058-3060 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Europium-doped yttrium oxide (Eu:Y2O3) luminescent thin films have been grown in situ on single crystal (0001) sapphire substrates using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The films grown under different deposition conditions have been characterized using microstructural and luminescent measurements. The photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) brightness data obtained from the Eu:Y2O3 films grown under optimized conditions have indicated that sapphire is a promising substrate for the growth of high quality Eu:Y2O3 thin film red phosphor. The success in the fabrication of Eu:Y2O3 films with high PL and CL brightness is attributed to favorable optical properties (low absorption of and low refractive index for red light) of the substrate material and improved growth of grains with unidirectional orientation on (0001) sapphire substrates. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 18 (1979), S. 2-7 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 208-212 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of Ni, Ge, and Ti were evaporated onto n-GaAs to investigate the correlation between solid-phase interfacial reactions and development of ohmic contacts. Initially 65 nm Ni films were electron beam deposited onto the GaAs substrate and vacuum annealed in situ at 300 °C to produce a ∼130-nm-thick Ni2.4GaAs phase. After Ni2.4GaAs was produced, 30 nm of Ge and 25 nm Ti films were deposited and vacuum annealed at 500 °C. This resulted in solid phase epitaxial regrowth of ∼30 nm of GaAs from decomposition of Ni2.4GaAs first into NiAs and NixGa with subsequent decomposition of these binary phases into NiTiy and GaAs. Similar structures without the in situ annealing (i.e., sequentially deposited Ni, Ge, and Ti, all annealed simultaneously at 500 °C) were studied for comparison. Only the in situ annealed structure showed ohmic behavior after annealing at 500 °C for 5 min, and only when Ge was incorporated into regrown GaAs. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2591-2594 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion implantation damage in silicon has been studied utilizing a new optical technique (differential reflectometry). It has been demonstrated that differential reflectometry can be used to identify whether an implanted layer is crystalline, damaged crystalline, or amorphous. The intensity of interband transitions can be used to determine the thickness of a damaged crystalline layer over a submerged amorphous layer. Interference effects were utilized to determine the thickness of an amorphous layer. Thus, differential optical reflectance has far-reaching potential for characterizing implanted substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5433-5439 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The theoretical analysis of thermal effects induced by nanosecond laser irradiation on bulk YBa2Cu3O7 superconductor targets provides insight into the nature of the target's ablation/evaporation characteristics during pulsed laser deposition of superconducting thin films. We have simulated the thermal history of YBa2Cu3O7 targets under intense nanosecond laser irradiation by numerically solving the one dimensional heat flow equation and taking into account the phase changes occurring at the near surface of the target. The numerical method is based on a higher-order finite difference scheme with a smaller truncation error and is not restricted by any stability criterion, thereby allowing faster convergence to the exact solution. Temperature-dependent optical and thermal properties of the irradiated material as well as the temporal variation in the laser intensity can be taken into account by this method. During planar surface evaporation of the target material, the subsurface temperatures were calculated to be higher than the surface temperatures as a result of combination of two unique effects. While the evaporating surface of the target is constantly being cooled due to the latent heat of vaporization, subsurface superheating occurs due to the finite absorption depth of the laser beam. The effects of various laser and target parameters, including pulse energy density, pulse duration, absorption coefficient, thermal conductivity, and latent heat on the transient thermal characteristics of the irradiated target, have been investigated in detail. Subsurface superheating was found to increase with decreasing absorption coefficient and thermal conductivity of the target, and with increasing energy density. The superheating may lead to subsurface nucleation and growth of the gaseous phase which expands rapidly leading to microexplosions and "volume expulsion'' of material from the target.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electroluminescent ZnS:Mn thin films have been codoped with KCl via an ex situ deposition and diffusion process. The brightness, efficiency, and stability of sputter deposited ZnS:Mn alternating current thin film electroluminescent devices have been greatly improved over untreated devices. Potassium chloride doping is shown to have a modest fluxing effect on the grain size of ZnS:Mn films, particularly in the region of the film where nucleation occurs. However, improved electroluminescence is postulated to be strongly influenced by doping control of electric fields and injected charge. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1838-1839 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The degradation of cathodoluminescent (CL) brightness under prolonged electron-beam excitation of phosphors has been identified as one of the outstanding critical issues for flat-panel field-emission displays. In this letter, we have demonstrated that a TaSi2 coating on Y2O2S:Eu3+ phosphors substantially inhibits the cathodoluminescent degradation characteristics without reducing its efficiency. The coating was deposited by pulsed laser deposition of TaSi2 targets onto a fluidized bed containing phosphor particles. Cathodoluminescent degradation experiments conducted at 2 keV and at 150 μA/cm2, showed that the CL brightness decreased by more than 50% after a Coulomb load of 15 C/cm2 on the uncoated material. In contrast, the TaSi2-coated phosphor powders showed much less degradation, with CL brightness only decreasing by approximately 12% after electron irradiation with the same dose. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3835-3837 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dissociation and solid phase epitaxial regrowth of GaAs in Ti/Ge/Ni/GaAs were investigated using the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of x-rays with spatial resolution approaching 2 nm. A ternary Ni2.4GaAs phase, ∼130 nm thick, was formed by 300 °C in situ anneals of 65 nm Ni film on GaAs. After this in situ anneal, films of 30 nm Ge and 20 nm Ti were deposited in sequence. The EDS analysis showed that Ni2.4GaAs transformed into Ni–As and Ni–Ga binaries after annealing at 500 °C for 5 min, while ∼30 nm of GaAs regrew by solid phase epitaxial regrowth from decomposition of the binary phases. High spatial resolution microanalysis allowed detection of ∼1×1020 cm−3 Ge in the regrown GaAs. This confirms that Ge is incorporated into GaAs during regrowth for ohmic contact formation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 4578-4583 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Phosphor powder of ZnS:Cu,Al,Au has been subjected to electron bombardment (2 keV, 2 mA/cm2) in residual gas pressures ranging from 0.6×10−8 to 7.0×10−8 Torr. Auger electron spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence (CL), both excited by the same electron beam, were used to monitor changes in the surface chemistry and cathodoluminescent brightness versus vacuum conditions during electron bombardment. A direct correlation between the surface reactions and the degradation of CL brightness was observed. The formation of a nonluminescent ZnO layer on the surface of the phosphor was largely responsible for the degradation of the ZnS. The aging of the phosphor was not only a function of the charge per unit area (Coulomb dose) bombarding the surface, but also a function of residual gas pressure and composition. In particular, H2O had the greatest effect on the rate of degradation. The results are interpreted in terms of an electron-beam stimulated surface chemical reaction. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2863-2865 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have deposited diamond thin films remote from the active plasma region using an electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition technique. Diamond films were fabricated at temperatures in the range of 550–650 °C and gas pressures between 25 and 60 mTorr. The volume ratio of water to methanol was varied from 1:20 to 1:5 to optimize diamond film growth. High methanol content resulted in multiple nucleation in the growing diamond film, while higher water content led to complete etching of the film. A positive electrical bias was found to be essential for diamond thin film growth remote from the plasma region. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, micro-Raman, and scanning electron microscopy for phase identification, surface morphology, and bonding characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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