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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on "Conformations and rotational barriers of aromatic polyesters" by Lautenschlager, Brickmann, van Ruiten and Meier (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 25 (1992), S. 1003-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00028a078
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anal endosonography in healthy subjects and patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence (1994)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 37 (1994), S. 235-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anal endosonography ; Anal sphincters ; Fecal incontinence ; Pelvic floor musculature ; Anal manometry ; Pelvic anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: This study investigates the normal ultrasono graphic morphology of pelvic floor striated muscle and evaluates whether there are differences between males and females and between healthy subjects and patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence. METHODS: Manometric and ultrasonographic studies of the anal canal were performed in 30 healthy volunteers and in 26 patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence. Verification of ultrasonographic findings was obtained by studying anatomic preparations. RESULTS: Ultrasonography reliably identified the internal and external anal sphincter and frequently visualized neighboring structures. In addition, it detected muscular structures that have not clearly been described previously. However, differences in external sphincter function between males and females and between healthy subjects and incontinent patients were not reflected by alterations in muscle thickness. CONCLUSIONS: Endosonography of the anal canal clearly delineates muscular structures and may even visualize structures that have been previously incompletely defined. However, it remains to be shown that differences in certain muscular functions have a morphologic correlate that can be detected by endosonography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048161
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of citations (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 6 (1997), S. 963-964 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1344
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.1997.040060601
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of the persistence length of some polyesters on the basis of computer simulations (1989)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 10 (1989), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1989.030100807
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the rectilinearity of copolymers (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 1667-1678 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The expression “stiffness” of a polymer chain is shown to be ambiguous, and the use of the word “rectilinearity” is proposed to replace it in certain contexts. The influence of non-uniform curvature on Kuhn length and mean-square end-to-end distance of (co)polymers is studied using the frameworks of the freely-rotating-chain model and the Porod-Kratky model. It is shown that every fluctuation around the given mean curvature of a chain increases its overall rectilinearity. Specifically, it is concluded that the rectilinearity increases with increasing fluctuation magnitude and with increasing separation of the different curvatures along the chain, i. e., it becomes greater in the order: alternating, random and block copolymer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1991.021920801
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das komplexe Kation [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+ in Trianilinium-tri-μ-chloro-nonachloro-trirhenat(III)-dihydrat, (AnH)3[Re3(μ-Cl3)Cl9] · 2 H2OProfessor Dietrich Babel zum 60. Geburtstage am 28. Juli 1990 gewidmet (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 587 (1990), S. 16-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Complex Cation [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+ in Trianilinium-tri-μ-chloro-nonachloro-trirhenate(III)-dihydrate, (AnH)3[Re3(μ-Cl3)Cl9] · 2 H2ODark red single crystals of trianilinium-tri-μ-chloro-nonachloro-trirhenate(III)-dihydrate grow from hydrochloric acid solutions of “ReCl3 · 2 H2O” and anilinium hydrochloride. An important feature of the crystal structure (monoclinic, P21/a, Z = 4, a = 1595.98(12), b = 1594.53(11), c = 1319.65 (9) pm, β = 100.20(1)°, Vm = 497.68(1) cm3 mol-1) are complex cations of the composition [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+. The N—O- and O—O-distances in the hydrogen bonded cation [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+ are 281 to 289 pm and 287, respectively. The cationic layers build up corrugated layers parallel (010) and leave two channels in the [010] direction per unit cell into which the anionic clusters, [Re3Cl12]3-, are embedded.
    Notes: Dunkelrote Einkristalle von Trianilinium-tri-μ-chloro-nonachloro-tri-rhenat(III)-dihydrat erhält man aus salzsauren Lösungen von „ReCl3 · 2 H2O“ und Aniliniumhydrochlorid. In der Kristallstruktur (monoklin, P21/a, Z = 4, a = 1595,98(12), b = 1594,53(11), c = 1319,65(9) pm, β = 100,20(1)°, Vm = 497,68(1) cm3 mol-1) sind drei Aniliniumkationen und zwei Wassermoleküle über Wasserstoff-Brückenbindungen zu einem komplexen Kation [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+ verbunden. Innerhalb dieser Baugruppe findet man N—O-Bindungsabstände zwischen 281 und 289 pm sowie einen O—O-Abstand von 287 pm. Die komplexen Kationen [(AnH)3(H2O)2]3+ sind parallel (010) zu gewellten Schichten angeordnet, die je Elementarzelle zwei Kanäle in Richtung [010] freilassen, in die die Anionen [Re3Cl12]3- eingebettet sind.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19905870103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rb[Re3Br10]  -  das erste ternäre Rhenium(III)-Halogenid mit KettenstrukturProfessor Hanskarl Müller-Buschbaum zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 597 (1991), S. 107-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rhenium bromides ; cluster ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rb[Re3Br10]  -  the First Ternary Rhenium(III) Halide with a Chain StructureRb[Re3Br10] crystallizes on evaporation of a hydrobromic acid solution of rhenium tribromide and rubidium bromide as dark red-brown single crystals. The crystal structure (monoclinic; C2/m; a = 1469.09(10); b = 1085.75(8); c = 1019.15(8) pm; β = 91.81(1)°; Vm = 245.1(2) cm3mol-1; Z = 4) is built up of chains along [010] of [Re3Br12] units that are connected via two edges. The anionic chains are held together by rubidium ions. Each cation is surrounded by eight bromide ions at distances between 332 and 368 pm with four additional bromide ions at 401 to 427 pm. This is the first example of a ternary rhenium halide with a chain structure. Only salts with isolated cluster anions [Re3X12-y(H2O)y](3-y)- (X = Cl, Br; y = 0-3) have been known so far.
    Notes: Aus bromwasserstoffsaurer Lösung von Rheniumtribromid und Rubidiumbromid kristallisieren beim Eindunsten dunkelrotbraune Einkristalle von Rb[Re3Br10] aus. Die Kristallstruktur (monoklin; C2/m; a = 1469,09(10); b = 1085,75 (8); c = 1019,15(8) pm; β = 91,81(1)°; Vm = 245,1(2) cm3mol-1; Z = 4) baut sich aus Ketten doppelt kantenverknüpfter [Re3Br12]-Baugruppen entlang [010] auf. Die anionischen Stränge kantenverknüpfter Cluster werden von Rubidiumionen zusammengehalten. Dabei ist jedes Kation von acht Bromid-Ionen in einem Abstand von 332-368 pm umgeben sowie von vier weiteren in einem Abstand zwischen 401 und 427 pm. Dies ist das erste Beispiel eines ternären Rhenium(III)-halogenids mit Kettenstruktur. Bislang waren nur Salze mit isolierten Clustern [Re3X12-y(H2O)y](3-y)- (X = Cl, Br; y = 0-3) bekannt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19915970114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berichtigung (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 613 (1992), S. 149-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19926130126
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (NMe4)[Re3Cl10(H2O)2] · 2H2)  -  Kein 5/3-Hydrat gemäß [Re3Cl9(H2O)3] · 2H2O (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 604 (1991), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rhenium ; crystal structure ; ir, nmr spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (NMe4)[Re3Cl10(H2O)2] · 2H2O  -  not a 5/3-Hydrate according to [Re3Cl9(H2O)3] · 2H2ONew investigations of the so-called 5/3-hydrate, “[Re3Cl9(H2O)3] · 2H2O”, revealed that it is in fact (NMe4)[Re3Cl10(H2O)2] · 2HO. Low temperature (173 K) single crystal diffractometry confirms the main features of the previously determined crystal structure (hexagonal, P62c, No. 190; a = 937.3(2), c = 1461.2(3) pm; z = 2; Vm = 334.8 cm3/mol; R = 0.030, Rw = 0.022). There are, however, two important differences. First, the channels in the [00.1] direction contain cations NMe4+.These are disordered in a way that their orientation is “up and down” parallel to [00.1]. Infrared and solid-state 13C-NMR spectra confirm the appearance of the NMe4+ cation. Secondly, the in plane, terminal (i, t) positions at the Re3 triangle are not occupied by H2O ligands alone. Rather, the anion [Re3Cl10(H2O)2]- occurs, with statistical distribution of two water molecules (dRe—o = 224(2) pm) and one chloride ion (dRe—cl = 248(1) pm) over the three i,t positions.
    Notes: Neue Untersuchungen an dem als 5/3-Hydrat beschriebenen „[Re3Cl9(H2O)3] · 2H2O“ ergaben, daß es sich hierbei um (NMe4) [Re3Cl10(H2O)2] · 2H2O handelt. Tieftemperaturmessungen (173 K) am Einkristall bestätigen weitgehend die früher bestimmte Kristallstruktur (hexagonal. P62c, Nr. 190; a = 937,3(2), c = 1461,2(3) pm; Z = 2; Vm = 334,8 cm3/mol; R = 0,030; Rw = 0,022). Es bestehen jedoch zwei wichtige Unterschiede: In den Kanälen längs [00.1] befinden sich die Kationen NMe4+; sie sind derart fehlgeordnet, daß die Spitzen der Tetraeder in und gegen Richtung [00.1] orientiert sind. IR- und Festkörper-13C-NMR-Spektrum sind im Einklang mit der Erwartung für das Kation NMe4+. Die in plane, terminal-(i,t)-Positionen am Re3-Ring sind nicht mit drei Wassermolekülen besetzt: Es liegt vielmehr die Baugruppe [Re3Cl10(H2O)2]- vor, mit statistischer Verteilung von zwei Koordinationswasser (dRe—o = 224(2)pm) und einem Chlorid-Ion (dRe—cl = 248(1) pm) auf den drei i,t-Positionen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19916040104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese, Kristallstruktur und thermischer Abbau von Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5] (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 610 (1992), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Mixed ternary ReIII-halides ; synthesis ; crystal structure ; infrared spectroscopy ; thermal behaviour ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Thermal Behaviour of Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5]Dark brown tetrahedra of Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5] crystallize on slow cooling of a hot saturated solution of ReI3 and CsCl in conc. hydrochlorid acid. The crystal structure (cubic, P43m (No. 215), a = 1241.06(3)pm, Vm = 287.8(1) cm3mol-1, Z = 4, R = 0.067, Rw = 0.037) is built up from isolated building units [Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5]1,5- with statistical distribution of chloride ions and water molecules in the in plane, terminal positions. Consistent with the result based on the X-ray analysis, the IR-spectrum shows one band for the OH stretching frequencies of the water molecules coordinated to the Re3 triangle at 3240 cm-1. The anions are arranged in the fashion of a cubic closest packing with the cesium ions occupying all octahedral and one quarter of the tetrahedral interstices. Temperature-dependent Guinier-Simon photographs in connection with DTA/TG investigations reveal that Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5] releases water at 190°C accompanied with a structural transition and the dehydration product decomposes at 370°C to Cs2ReCl6-xIx, Re3I3+yCl6-y and rhenium metal.
    Notes: Tiefdunkelbraune Tetraeder von Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5] Kristallisieren beim langsamen Eindunsten einer heißen, gesättigten Lösung von ReI3 und CsCl in konz. Salzsäure. In der Kristallstruktur (kubisch, P43m (Nr. 215), a = 1241,06(3) pm, Vm = 287,8(1) cm3mol-1, Z = 4, R = 0,067, Rw = 0,037) sind isolierte Baugruppen [Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5]1,5- mit statistischer Verteilung von Chlorid-Ionen und Wassermolekülen in den in plane, terminal-Positionen strukturbestimmend. übereinstimmend mit diesem röntgenographischen Befund beobachtet man im IR-Spektrum eine Bande für die Valenzschwingungen des Koordinationswassers bei 3240 cm-1. Die Anionen sind nach dem Motiv einer kubisch-dichtesten Packung angeordnet, die Caesium-Ionen besetzen in ihr sämtliche Oktaeder- und ein Viertel der Tetraederlücken. Heiz-Guinier-Simon-Aufnahmen und DTA/TG-Untersuchungen zeigen, daß Cs1,5[Re3I3Cl7,5(H2O)1,5] bei 190°C zunächst Koordinationswasser unter Änderung der Struktur abgibt und sich bei 370°C zu Cs2ReCl6-xIx, Re3I3+yCl6-y und Rhenium zersetzt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19926100103
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