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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava and right atrium (1994)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 19 (1994), S. 313-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Tumor thrombus ; Inferior vena cava ; Right atrium ; Brain metastasis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tumor thrombus (TT) in the inferior vena cava (IVC) and right atrium (RA) is rarely encountered. We have diagnosed before death and treated a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with TT in the IVC and RA, accompanied by a brain metastasis. The image characteristics on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and conventional angiography are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198186
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small hepatic nodules in cirrhosis: ultrasonographic, CT, and MR imaging findings (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 47-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver, neoplasms—Liver, ultrasound—Liver, computed tomography—Liver, magnetic resonance—Comparative studies.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the imaging findings of pathologically-proved small hepatic nodules 2 cm in size or smaller detected with ultrasonography in cirrhotic patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: We evaluated sonographically detected 32 small hepatic nodules which were pathologically confirmed in 23 consecutive cirrhotic patients who were suspected of having HCC. Twenty-six lesions were confirmed with ultrasonographically-guided aspiration needle-core biopsy, and six with definitive surgery. Ultrasonographic examination records were retrospectively reviewed. CT, and MR images obtained with various imaging techniques were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists in a blind fashion. Results: The 32 hepatic nodules were comprised of seven focal fatty changes, two large regenerative nodules, three low-grade dysplastic nodules, five high-grade dysplastic nodules, and fifteen HCCs. Ultrasonography showed various echogenicity for the hepatic nodules. The signal-intensity characteristics with T1-weighted spin-echo, in-phase gradient-recalled-echo, and dynamic MR imagings may be useful in distinguishing HCC from nonHCC nodules. Conclusions: Nearly half of small hepatic nodules detected with ultrasonography were nonHCC nodules. Ultrasonographic findings may not be reliable in characterizing small hepatic nodules in cirrhosis. CT and MR imaging obtained with the various techniques are still insensitive to these hepatic nodules. RID=""ID=""〈e5〉Correspondence to:〈/e5〉 M. Kanematsu
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900439
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonpathological focal enhancements on spiral CT hepatic angiography (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 55 -59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Computed tomography (CT)—Liver neoplasms, diagnosis—Portography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To assess the frequency and characteristics of nonpathological focal enhancements seen on spiral computed tomographic (CT) hepatic angiography (CTA). Methods: Spiral CTA and spiral CT arterial portography (CTAP) were performed in 31 patients with suspected liver malignancy prior to potential liver resection. The CTA images were retrospectively reviewed for focal enhancements by two radiologists. After determining nonpathological focal enhancements on CTA images based on the other radiographic tests, surgical exploration including intraoperative sonography, follow-up imagings, the frequency, size, site, and shape of nonpathological focal enhancements with CTA were assessed. Results: Thirty-six nonpathological focal enhancements with CTA from 4 to 23 (mean = 11.4) mm were seen in 14 (45.2%) of 31 patients. Thirteen (36.1%) of 36 nonpathological focal enhancements with CTA were not depicted with CTAP. Nonpathological focal enhancements with CTA were frequent in Couinaud segments III (27.8%), V (22.2%), and VI (19.4%). Twenty-three (63.9%) of 36 nonpathological focal enhancements were located in the edge of the liver. Shapes of 36 nonpathological focal enhancements with CTA included circular (n = 16), worm (n = 7), irregular (n = 6), dot (n = 6), and wedge (n = 1). Conclusion: In nearly half of patients, spiral CTA shows various shapes of small nonpathological focal enhancements more frequently in the liver edge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900140
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of hepatic tumors: arterial-phase MR imaging versus spiral CT arteriography (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 416-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver neoplasms, magnetic resonance (MR)—Liver neoplasms, computed tomography (CT)—Comparative study.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To compare the utility of arterial-phase magnetic resonance (APMR) imaging and spiral computed tomography arteriography (CTA) for detection of hepatic tumors. Methods: Both APMR imaging and CTA were performed in 24 patients with liver tumors. APMR imaging was initiated at 25–30 s after an intravenous bolus injection of gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid using the fast multiplanar spoiled GRASS technique. CTA was initiated at 3 s after hepatic arterial injection of 30–64% nonionic contrast agent. APMR and CTA images were separately reviewed retrospectively by two blinded readers. Afterward, matched pair was reviewed to determine which had better lesion conspicuity. Results: The sensitivities for hepatic tumors were 67.2 and 86.6% in APMR and CTA, respectively (p 〈 0.01). Seven (12.5%) and 21 (23.9%) false-positive lesions were seen at APMR and CTA, respectively (NS). Lesion conspicuity was comparable between APMR and CTA. Conclusions: Although APMR imaging is an useful noninvasive method to detect hypervascular liver tumors, APMR imaging is still not an alternative to CTA with respect to tumor detectability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900371
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of lymph-node metastases in patients with gastric carcinoma: comparison of three MR imaging pulse sequences (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Gastric carcinoma—Lymph node—Magnetic resonance—Pulse sequence—Receiver-characteristic-curve analysis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained with three different pulse sequences for lymph-node metastases in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: T1-weighted spin-echo (SE), breath-hold T2-weighted fast SE, and triphasic gadolinium-enhanced dynamic gradient-recall-echo (GRE) MR images obtained in 16 patients with gastric carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Regional lymph nodes were assigned to four different groups, and image review was conducted on a lymph-node group-by-group basis; 64 lymph-node groups were reviewed by two radiologists. Relative sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were determined based on the findings with definitive surgery and follow-up imaging. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by means of receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Relative sensitivities for lymph-node metastases with T1-weighted SE, breath-hold T2-weighted fast SE, and dynamic GRE images were 61%, 94%, and 59%, respectively. Relative sensitivity with breath-hold T2-weighted fast SE images was significantly greater than that with T1-weighted SE (p 〈 0.05) and dynamic GRE (p 〈 0.05) images. Diagnostic accuracy determined by ROC analysis was marginally higher with breath-hold T2-weighted fast SE (area under ROC curve [Az]= 0.87) than with T1-weighted SE (Az = 0.78, p= 0.08) and dynamic GRE (Az = 0.79, p= 0.12) images. Conclusion: Breath-hold T2-weighted fast SE sequence is useful in the detection of regional lymph-node metastases in patients with gastric carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002619910004
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemodynamics of small hepatocellular carcinomas (5 cm or less in diameter): Cases with discrepant findings between dynamic MR images and hepatic arteriograms (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 534-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Hemodynamics ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Dynamic MR imaging ; Hepatic arteriography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background The degrees and patterns of contrast enhancement of small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) on dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images were compared with those on hepatic arteriograms in 61 patients. Methods Dynamic MR imaging was performed within 1 week before hepatic angiography prior to treatment, 3–4 weeks after treatment, and then once every 1–3 months if necessary. Hepatic arteriography was carried out with a coaxial microcatheter inserted into the proper hepatic artery or its distal branches. Results In 58 of 61 cases, the degrees of contrast enhancement of the tumor in dynamic MR imaging were roughly consistent with those in hepatic arteriography before treatment. In the remaining three cases, however, the tumors were depicted as hyperintense in the arterial dominant phase of the dynamic MR imaging, whereas the tumors were not detected by hepatic arteriography. The tumor detectability is 97% by dynamic MR imaging and 92% by hepatic arteriography. Furthermore, when an HCC nodule was not clearly enhanced by hepatic arteriography after treatment, it was possible by dynamic MR imaging to obtain accurate information on whether the HCC nodule had parasitic arteries. Conclusions Dynamic MR imaging was superior to hepatic angiography in contrast resolution. It was therefore considered to be useful in assessing the degrees and patterns of contrast enhancement of small HCCs before and after treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256707
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methodological assessment of combined spiral CT angiography and CT arterial portography (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 404 -409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver neoplasms, CT—Liver neoplasms, angiography—Portography—CT, contrast media—CT, quantitative.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To assess an optimal methodology of combined spiral computed tomographic (CT) angiography (CTA) and CT arterial portography (CTAP) for detection and characterization of liver tumors. Methods: We performed spiral CTAP only in five patients with 30–32% contrast (subset A), CTAP combined with preceding spiral CTA using 30–32% contrast in 19 (subset B), and CTAP combined with preceding spiral CTA with 60–64% contrast in seven (subset C). The CT numbers of the aorta immediately before preceding CTA and subsequent CTAP and the CT numbers of malignant tumor and liver parenchyma with CTAP were measured. Results: The differences of the CT number between the malignant tumor and liver parenchyma on CTAP were 61.1–161.8 (mean ± SD, 114.5 ± 39.3) HU, 50.7–164.8 (104.2 ± 31.2) HU, and 101.2–368.3 (219.5 ± 90.5) HU in subsets A, B, and C, respectively. Two cavernous hemangiomas showed pathognomonic findings with preceding CTA. Conclusion: Combination of preceding spiral CTA and subsequent spiral CTAP using 30% contrast with a 5-min interval is an optimal method for detection and characterization of liver tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900221
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of false-negative findings on CT hepatic angiography (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 52 -54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver neoplasms, CT—Liver neoplasms, angiography—Liver, blood supply.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. False-negative findings on CT angiography (CTA) in two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were demonstrated. CTA images of one patient with an aberrant left hepatic artery branching from the left gastric artery and another patient whose right hepatic artery was occluded owing to an unknown cause failed to demonstrate HCCs. This report suggests one of the diagnostic pitfalls of CTA for diagnosis of liver tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900139
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical involvement of dietary docosahexaenoic acid in the ontogeny of schooling behaviour in the yellowtail (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To investigate involvement of the central nervous system in the ontogeny of behaviour, diets of differing quality were used to rear yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata larvae and juveniles. Artemia nauplii enriched with oleic acid (OA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or two different concentration levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were fed to yellowtail larvae (LT 7 mm; 13 days old) for 12 days, and their behavioural development was analysed together with growth, survival, activity and fatty acid composition. Yellowtail fed with DHA–enriched Artemia showed mutual attraction behaviour at 11 mm LT, while those fed with OA– or EPA–enriched Artemia did not show this behaviour at the same size. While fish in the OA group showed poor growth, survival and activity index, fish in the EPA group were similar to the two DHA groups. In addition, most fish tested, including the OA group, showed clear optokinetic responses. Fatty acid composition of the diet was reflected in that of the fish body. Therefore, dietary DHA in the larval stage is considered to be essential for the development of schooling behaviour in the yellowtail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00996.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the emergence of resistance to lomefloxacin in vitro (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 8 (1989), S. 741-745 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The emergence of resistance to lomefloxacin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin was investigated in nalidixic acid sensitive and resistant urinary isolates by continuous turbidimetry. A decline in susceptibility was observed after a single exposure to each of the drugs, and further increments of resistance occurred during three sequential passages. Variants resistant to one quinolone were cross-resistant to the others. The level of resistance selected by norfloxacin in three of the five test strains was greater than that observed with lomefloxacin or ciprofloxacin. In experiments in a model of the treatment of bacterial cystitis, concentrations of lomefloxacin well within those readily achievable in urine suppressed growth of nalidixic acid sensitive and resistant strains for more than 20 h without causing any decline in susceptibility of surviving bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01963766
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