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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 36 (1958), S. 530-535 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An einem Krankengut von 157 Patienten wurden Längsschnitt-Untersuchungen des Serum-Eiweißbildes (Gesamt-Eiweiß, Papier-Elektrophorese, Serum-Labilitätsproben) bis zu 11 Behandlungswochen durchgeführt. Vor Beginn der Therapie ergab sich bei einem Teil der Kranken ein signifikant aber unspezifisch von der Norm abweichendes Serum-Eiweißbild. Auffällig war eine α2-Globulin-Vermehrung. Bei diesen Kranken normalisierte sich das Serum-Eiweißbild unter der Pharmako-Therapie. Die Normalwerte wurden in der Regel während der 5.–7. Behandlungswoche erreicht. Bei einer anderen Patienten-Gruppe zeigte das vor der Behandlung normale Serum-Eiweißbild lediglich vorübergehende Reaktionen unter der Pharmako-Therapie. Bei einem 3. Teil der Kranken blieben die vor der Behandlung normalen Serum-Eiweißwerte auch unter der Pharmako-Therapie normal. Die Befunde sprechen gegen eine Leber-Toxicität der angewandten Phenothiazin-Derivate Chlorpromazin und Mepazin. Die Serum-Eiweißveränderungen unter der Pharmako-Therapie der Psychosen werden auf zentrale Regulationseffekte zurückgeführt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Hinblick auf eine mögliche Früherkennung einer „intrahepatischen Cholestase“, wie sie gelegentlich unter Phenothiazin-Behandlung auftritt, wurden regelmäßig Aktivitätsbestimmungen der alkalischen Serum-Phosphatase während der neuroleptischen Therapie (Phenothiazine, Reserpin) durchgeführt. Überraschenderweise ergab sich, daß bei 2/3 aller behandelten Kranken in den ersten 3 Wochen die alkalischen Phosphatase-Aktivitäten zum Teil bis auf pathologische Werteanstiegen, ohne daß es zum Auftreten einesIkterus kam. Besonders beachtenswert ist, daß in knapp der Hälfte der Reserpin-behandelten Kranken ebenfalls diese Anstiege zu verzeichnen waren, obwohl unter Reserpin-Medikation unseres Wissens noch niemals eín Ikterus beobachtet worden ist. Die Phosphatase-Werte gingen trotz Weiterbehandlung mit unverminderter Dosis wieder auf die Ausgangswerte zurück. Die in der Literatur niedergelegten Untersuchungen über Entstehungsort, Vorkommen, Funktion, Hemmung und Aktivierung der alkalischen Phosphatasen werden mit den bisher bekannten somatischen Wirkungsmechanismen der neuroleptischen Therapie verglichen. Daraus ergeben sich Anhalte, nach denen man die passageren Ferment-Aktivitätssteigerungen als Wirkung allgemeiner Regulations-Vorgänge unter der Behandlung erklären könnte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 23 (1971), S. 334-336 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 23 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —The activity of phospholipase A1 (phosphatide acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) was measured against phosphatidylcholine, -ethanolamine and -serine, specifically labelled with different fatty acids at either the 1 or 2 position, during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats. In the acute stage of the disease there was a significant increase in enzyme activity in comparison to that from the control animals. The enhanced phospholipase A1 activity was of the-same order of magnitude for all 1,2-diacyl-glycerophospholipids investigated. The phospholipase A1-catalysed release of labelled fatty acids from molecular species of phosphatidylcholine decreased slightly with increasing degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids at the 1-position. The Km-values of the highly purified enzyme were not altered by the demyelinating disorder. The phospholipase A1 activity returned to the control level in the recovery stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —1,2-Diacyl-, 1-alk-1′-enyl-2-acyl-and 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine, specifically labelled with different fatty acids at the 2 position, were prepared enzymically using the acyltransferase system of rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum. The substrates were submitted to hydrolysis by mitochondrial phospholipase A2 (phosphatide acyl-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) obtained from normal and from rat brain afflicted with EAE. In the acute stage of the disease an increase of approximately 25 per cent in phospholipase A 2 activity could be observed in comparison to that from the control animals for all investigated substrates. Phospholipase A2 obtained from normal rat brains and from those afflicted with EAE had a higher affinity for 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine when compared to the corresponding alkyl acyl- and alkenyl acyl-analogues. Choline plasmalogen was cleaved more slowly than the corresponding alkyl acyl derivative. The enzyme activity returned to the control level in the recovery stage of the demyelinating disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Glial cells isolated from rabbit cerebral cortex contained approximately one-third more phospholipids per unit protein than the neuronal cell bodies. The pattern of individual phospholipids was rather similar in both cell types. The incorporation of intracisternally administered 32P into neuronal and glial phospholipid classes of rabbit brain was studied at intervals ranging from 5 to 60min. In general, for all investigated phospholipids the incorporation of the label was somewhat faster in neurons than in glial cells. Phosphatidylinositol showed the fastest and ethanolamine plasmalogen the slowest incorporation of 32P in both neurons and glial cells. A lag phase of about 10 min could be observed before labelling of the glial phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, ethanolamine plasmalogen, phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin had occurred. Among the neuronal phospholipids a lag phase was found only for the labelling of the ethanolamine plasmalogen. Norepinephrine increased the incoropration of 32P into phosphatidylinositol of both glia and neurons but had no effect on the specific radioactivity of ethanolamine plasmalogen and sphingomyelin. Labelling of phosphatidylcholine was slightly inhibited in both cell types by the administration of norepinephrine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 17 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new modification is described for the fractionation of nucleic acids from brain. The cold phenol method followed by a hot extraction was combined with ‘salt-precipitation’ and chromatography on Sephadex and Agarose gels. The method enables the isolation of five highly purified fractions in large amounts: DNA; high molecular weight salt-soluble RNA, a hitherto undescribed fraction; rRNA; residual RNA (mRNA) and sRNA. All fractions showed, after 9 h in vivo incubation with 32P, different specific radioactivities and/or characteristic base compositions. The single mononucleotides of each RNA fraction differed markedly in their 32P-labelling rate. This was found to be a new characteristic, for these differences were in no way similar in the various RNAs, but specific and constant for each fraction. An assay of base composition only by 32P-labelling was therefore not possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pronounced differences in the phospholipase A2 activities were found in neurons and glia, the enzyme activity being two- to threefold higher in neurons than in glial cells. Both phospholipases A2 hydrolyzed the 1,2-diacylglycerophosphatides more rapidly than the acylalkyl and acylalkenyl compounds. Choline plasmalogen and the corresponding alkyl derivative were cleaved at similar rates by the phospholipase A2 from both glia and neurons. There was a tendency by the neuronal phospholipase A2 to release arachidonic acid faster than linolenic acid from both phosphatidylcholine and ethanolamine, while arachidonic acid was removed less actively from phosphatidylethanolamine by the glial enzyme. The glial phospholipase A2 showed a lag period of 10 or 20 min. Norepinephrine, injected into the lateral ventricle of the rabbit brain, stimulated the hydrolysis of the various 1,2-diacyl-, acylalkyl-, and acylalkenyl-glycerophosphatides by the phospholipase A2 from both glia and neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 241 (1961), S. 484-506 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Nucleotides of ratbrains have been separated by ion-exchange chromatography. The procedure has been improved by varying the length of the column the concentration and the composition of the eluting buffersolutions and by different rates of perfusion. Twenty-five fractions have been separated in one chromatographic turn. Most of the ultraviolet absorbing substances in these fractions have been identified. The influence of different experimental conditions on the analytical results has been studied: Sacrification of the animals during narcosis causes an increase in the concentrations of high-energy phosphates. Freezing the whole skull instead of the dissected brain leads to a better yield of high-energy phosphates. There is a loss of nucleotides in brain tissue, which has been contaminated by calcium-ions from the bones during the preparation. The older the animal, the smaller is the sum of nucleotides in the brain. However there is probably no equal reduction in all fractions. The results are compared with those of other authors.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Nucleotide des Rattengehirns wurden mit Hilfe der Ionenaustausch-Chromatographie analysiert. Das Verfahren wurde durch Änderung der Säulenlänge, durch Abwandlung von Konzentration und Zusammensetzung der Elutionsmittel und durch Variation der Durchflußgeschwindigkeit verbessert. Es gelang, in einem Arbeitsgang 25 Fraktionen voneinander zu trennen und den größten Teil der darin enthaltenen UV-absorbierenden Substanzen zu identifizieren. Der Einfluß des Vorgehens bei der Tötung der Tiere, bei Gewinnung, Aufarbeitung und Extraktion der Gewebe sowie des Alters der Versuchstiere auf die Analysenergebnisse wurde studiert: Tötung der Tiere in Narkose führt zu höheren Konzentrationen der energiereichen Phosphate. Ein dem ungefrorenen Schädel entnommenes und anschließend eingefrorenes Gehirn enthält weniger energiereiche Phosphate als das aus dem gefrorenen Kopf herausgemeißelte Nervengewebe. Kommt es bei Präparation des Gehirns zur Beimengung von Knochengewebe, so führen die dadurch in den Extrakt gelangenden Calcium-Ionen zu Nucleotidverlusten. Mit zunehmendem Alter der Versuchstiere vermindert sich die Gesamtmenge aller Nucleotide. Von dieser Veränderung werden offenbar nicht alle Fraktionen gleichmäßig betroffen. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Resultaten anderer Autoren verglichen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 247 (1964), S. 314-315 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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