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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Output characteristics of a discharge-pumped F2 laser (157 nm) with an injection-seeded unstable resonator (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2241-2246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To improve beam quality, an injection-seeded unstable resonator was applied to a discharge-pumped F2 laser, which is normally dominated by amplified spontaneous emission with a large beam divergence when using a normal stable cavity, due to the laser's extremely high gain (a small-signal gain-length product ∼29). The time-dependent injection-seeding efficiency was obtained for various injection timings by measuring a ratio of the output laser intensity with the same polarization as the seed laser. Correlation of the injection-seeding efficiency with the temporal evolution of the laser-beam divergence was also studied. Both the time-dependent beam divergence and the injection-seeding efficiency showed degradation at a later part of the laser pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354706
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of model predictions with detailed species kinetic measurements of XeCl laser mixtures (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2615-2631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Detailed measurements of the time-dependent electron density, xenon excited-state densities, and total HCl depletion have been recently made in electron-beam- (e-beam-) pumped XeCl. This paper presents the results of extensive computer modeling of these experiments and detailed comparisons with the measured results. The model used includes updated HCl reaction cross sections and an enlarged xenon excited-state manifold. A reduced Boltzmann equation is used to calculate the high-energy electron-energy distribution function, and the low-energy distribution function assumes a quasi-Maxwellian distribution. These changes are upgrades to prior models. The model accurately predicts the total HCl depletion, the time-dependent electron density for initial HCl concentrations ≥0.16% (4.8 Torr), and the time-dependent xenon excited-state densities for lean ((approximately-equal-to)0.04%) initial HCl concentration cases. The model tends to underpredict the rate of electron-density growth after the electron density begins to run away. Since depletion of HCl is a key factor in understanding the kinetics data, possible mechanisms that can contribute to this process are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346486
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahighly sensitive laser-Doppler velocity meter with a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 microchip laser (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3116-3120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Extremely high sensitivity of a diode-pumped microchip Nd:YVO4 laser to external light injection is demonstrated in optical detection of Doppler shift from a moving object. Intensity modulation induced by reflected scattered light from a rotating object at the Doppler-shift frequency is measured for a 1-mm-long diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser. When adjusting the diode pump power so that the relaxation oscillation frequency is resonant to the Doppler-shift frequency, the minimum detectable intensity of scattered light injected back into the microchip laser can be 〈−170 dB weaker than the intracavity laser intensity. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145539
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of charged particles in the laser ablation plume of polymers (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 3401-3407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Charged particles in organic polymer plumes photoablated by ultraviolet lasers are measured with a Faraday cup assembly. In spite of a relatively low F2 laser (157 nm) fluence 〈1 J/cm2, relative charged fragment concentrations measured for polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethyleneterephthalate targets are (approximately-greater-than)10−3. Charged particle concentrations in the ablation plumes generated by an F2 laser with polyethyleneterephthalate and polyimide targets are always higher than those in KrF laser (248 nm) ablation plumes at the same specific laser energy deposited on the target. Charged fragments have also higher velocities in the F2 laser ablation plumes. An exponential increase in the charged fragment concentration with increasing laser fluence suggests that the ions are mainly produced through electron-neutral collisions in the hot material core close to the target surface. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359968
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient absorption and its influence on energy extraction in a discharge-pumped F2 laser (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1304-1310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Small-signal transient absorption of a discharge-pumped F2 laser (157.6 nm) medium was measured by using a Raman-shifted F2 laser (168.6 nm). The small-signal total absorption was obtained for 6 atm laser media at an excitation rate of ∼26 MW/cm3, where a small-signal net gain was independently measured to ∼35%/cm, as the sum of a transient absorption of ∼2.5%/cm and a stationary absorption of ∼0.5%/cm. In spite of the relatively large gain-to-loss ratio a significantly low maximum laser intensity of ∼2 MW/cm2, which gives zero extraction efficiency in the F2 laser medium, measured in heavily saturated F2 laser amplification experiments, suggests that the energy extraction is limited by additional absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic electroluminescence cells based on thin films deposited by ultraviolet laser ablation (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2469-2471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Organic thin films of copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) and aluminum tris-8-hydroxyquinline (Alq3) were fabricated via KrF laser ablation. In spite of poor crystallinity exhibited in the reconstructed organic films, the CuPc film still works as a hole-transport layer in electroluminescence cells based on the CuPc and Alq3 layers. Electroluminescence at ∼500 nm was obtained with a low initiation voltage of ∼12 V. There is no significant difference in electroluminescence performance for devices fabricated via laser ablation and thermal evaporation. Emission at ∼600 nm caused by energy transfer from Alq3 to 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) is also observed from a DCM-doped Alq3 emission layer. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xenon excited state density measurements in electron beam pumped XeCl laser mixtures (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 1986-1988 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-dependent density measurements of the lowest xenon excited states (5p56s) in electron beam (e-beam) pumped XeCl laser mixtures (nonlasing) are performed using pulsed hook interferometry. The e-beam pulse length is ≈0.45 μs (full width at half-maximum) with an average excitation rate of ≈250 kW/cm3. Density differences (ΔN*) of transitions at 823.2 nm (6s[3/2]02 –6p[3/2]2), 828.0 nm (6s[3/2]01 –6p[1/2]0), and 840.9 nm (6s[3/2]02 –6p[3/2]1) are obtained for various HCl and Xe concentrations. For a 98.3% Ne/1.5% Xe/0.16% HCl mixture at 3000 Torr, ΔN* (823.2 nm) and ΔN*(828.0 nm) are relatively constant at ≈3×1014 and ≈1.7×1014 cm−3, respectively. At lower initial HCl concentrations, the ΔN*(823.2 nm) density starts out similar to the 0.16% HCl case, but tends to increase dramatically during the e-beam pulse. For a 0.04% HCl mixture, a ΔN*(840.9 nm) density of ≈4.5×1015 cm−3 is measured at the end of the e-beam pulse. Preliminary comparisons of the data with a computer model show good agreement for HCl concentrations ≥0.16%, but disagreements at leaner concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98319
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-energy electron distribution in electron-beam-excited XeCl laser mixtures (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 500-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electron energy distributions for energies lower than 17 eV and their time-dependent evolution are calculated for electron-beam-excited Ne/Xe/HCl mixtures. A time-dependent Boltzmann equation including all interactions between electrons and ground– or excited-state species is solved together with a detailed full kinetics model for XeCl lasers. The effects of electron-electron collision, HCl concentration, and excitation rate on the steady-state electron energy distribution are examined. Under certain conditions, that is, for relatively high excitations and relatively low initial HCl concentrations, the low-energy electron distributions tend to be Maxwellian, and their average energies depend on various inelastic processes which cool down the electron energy. All electron reaction rates, especially those related to HCl vibrational excitation and dissociative attachment, are a function of the excitation rate and the transient HCl (v), Xe*, Xe**, and electron densities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341988
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xenon excited-state densities in electron-beam pumped XeCl and XeF (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Understanding of the neutral channel formation kinetics in excimer laser gas mixtures has been limited by the lack of data on the pertinent excited-state populations in these mixtures. Presented are time-dependent measurements of the lower level xenon excited-state densities in electron-beam (e-beam) pumped XeCl and XeF laser mixtures (neon diluent). Measurements are obtained using hook interferometry under nonlasing conditions at an average excitation rate of ≈250 kW/cm3 and e-beam pulse lengths of 0.4 and 1 μs. The population differences, ΔN*, between four different electronic transitions [three in the Xe*(6s)-Xe**(6p) manifold, and one in the Xe**(6s')-Xe***(6p') manifold] are examined as a function of halogen concentration. For both XeCl and XeF at high initial halogen concentrations (〉4 Torr), the ΔN* densities of the Xe*(6s) and Xe**(6s') transitions are relatively constant during the 0.4-μs e-beam pulse [for ΔN*(6s-6p): ≈4×1014 cm−3 for XeCl, and ≈1.5×1014 cm−3 for XeF]. At lower initial halogen concentrations, the ΔN* densities of 6s-6p and 6s'-6p' start at the beginning of the pulse at approximately the same densities as the richer halogen mixtures, but at a certain point during the pulse, the ΔN* densities abruptly increase. This increase can be 〉10 times for very lean halogen mixtures (1–2 Torr), and occurs at earlier times as the initial halogen concentration is reduced. From other measurements, this increase appears related to the depletion of the halogen. The observed lifetime of the Xe*(6s) densities is ≈2 μs for the low initital halogen concentration mixtures. Additional density data for halogen-free Ne/Xe and Ar/Xe mixtures are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341989
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-energy electron distribution in electron beam excited Ar/Kr and Ne/Xe mixtures (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 4377-4387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electron energy distribution in electron beam (e beam) excited Ar/Kr and Ne/Xe gas mixtures is examined in detail. The binary rare-gas mixtures are similar to those used in excimer lasers. Cooling processes for the secondary electrons generated in the gas mixture plasma by the e beam are calculated using a reduced Boltzmann equation in which elastic and electron-electron collisions for electron energy distributions above the first excitation threshold of the rare gas are ignored. During the calculations for the Ar/Kr and Ne/Xe mixtures, all electron-related reactions and the interaction between the two different rare gases in the mixture are simultaneously considered. The high-energy secondary electrons produce a steady-state distribution within a very short time; however, it is found that the distribution is not Maxwellian. W values [eV/electron-ion pair] and yields of rare-gas excited states calculated from the steady-state high-energy electron distribution show a dependence on the mixture composition, especially for mixtures with low concentrations of the minor rare gas. This implies that the practice in excimer kinetics models of using the W values determined from pure rare gases is not entirely accurate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340180
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