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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced expression of calponin in canine basilar artery after subarachnoid haemorrhage (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 77-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Calponin ; smooth muscle ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Calponin, an actin- and tropomyosin-binding protein, has been characterized as an inhibitory factor in the smooth-muscle actomyosin activity. The level of calponin was determined in canine basilar arteries in a double-haemorrhage model. Thirty dogs were assigned to three groups: day 0 group, control; day 2 group, dogs sacrificed 2 days after cisternal injection of blood; and day 7 group, dogs given double cisternal injections of blood and sacrificed 7 days after the first injection. Constriction of the basilar artery was confirmed by arterial angiography. Portions of the affected arteries or the corresponding region in control animals were solubilized for sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. A major band corresponding to calponin was seen at 34 kD in the basilar artery extracts using chicken gizzard polyclonal antibodies. The densitometer values of the band on Coomassie blue-stained gels were expressed as percentages of day 0 control values. The signals of day 2 and day 7 samples were 47%±20% and 23%±12%, respectively (mean±standard deviation). The proportions of calponin to actin/tropomyosin in the day 0, day 2, and day 7 groups were 13%±6%, 6%±2%, and 4%±2%, respectively. The reduced expression of calponin may be related to sustained contraction during cerebral vasospasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01850872
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of the coagulation system in the subarachnoid space after subarachnoid haemorrhage: Serial measurement of fibrinopeptide A and bradykinin of cerebrospinal fluid and plasma in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 91 (1988), S. 120-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Bradykinin ; fibrinopeptide A ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; trabecula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels as an indicator of thrombin activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of 25 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) were measured serially by radioimmunoassay (RIA). FPA levels in CSF were extremely high on days 0–1 (1253±269 ng/ml, mean ± standard error) but decreased rapidly (11.3±3.9 ng/ml on days 2–4, 10.7±5.9 ng/ml on days 5–7, and 6.3±1.5 ng/ml on days 8–14). In the controls the FPA concentration in CSF was 1.2±0.9 ng/ml (mean ± standard deviation). Plasma FPA levels in patients with SAH showed no statistically significant changes with time. The bradykinin (BK) concentration in CSF and plasma in 27 patients with SAH was measured serially by RIA. The cocentrations in CSF were 122.7±22.7 pg/ml (mean ± standard error) on day 0, 38.6±6.1 pg/ml on day 1,22.7±6.3 pg/ml on day 2, and 17.1±3.0 pg/ml or less thereafter. Plasma BK levels in patients with SAH were higher than those in the control group, but there was no statistically significant change over time. From the measurement of FPA it was apparent that the coagulation system in the subarachnoid space is strongly activated in the early stage of SAH. The formation of BK in CSF after SAH is thought to be due to the contact activation of Hageman factor (intrinsic factor) in the subarachnoid space. Trabeculae as collagen bundles in the subarachnoid space were considered to have a possible role in activating the Hageman factor of the coagulation system in SAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01424566
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombin Activity in CSF after SAH is Correlated with the Degree of SAH, the Persistence of Subarachnoid Clot and the Development of Vasospasm (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 579-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Fibrinopeptide; subarachnoid haemorrhage; thrombin; vasospasm.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  We previously reported that the coagulation system in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is strongly activated in the early stage of a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). We evaluated the relationship among thrombin activity, degree of SAH, amount of clearance of SAH, and vasospasm. The CSF levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were measured by radio-immunoassay in 36 SAH patients, who were diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT) within 12 hours and on whom surgery was performed within 48 hours. Clearance of SAH (%) was evaluated as the size of the clot in the basal cistern visualized between the initial and postoperative CT. The mean level of FPA in the patients of Group 3 (Fisher's CT classification) (182.2 ng/ml) was significantly higher than those in the patients of Group 2 (36.2 ng/ml). There was a significant difference in the mean level of FPA between patients with (47.6 ng/ml) and without infarction (408.3 ng/ml). In 18 of the 27 patients of Group 3 for whom the clearance of the SAH was determined, the patients showing a lower clearance rate (〈50%) of SAH demonstrated a significantly higher rate of infarction and a significantly higher level of FPA (466.6 ng/ml) than did the patients with a higher clearance rate (〉50%) of SAH (79.2 ng/ml). These results suggest that, the thrombin activity in CSF is correlated with the degree of SAH, the persistence of subarachnoid clot and the development of vasospasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050143
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenytoin as a liquid material for embolisation of tumours (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 320-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Meningioma ; embolisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We carried out embolisation with phenytoin in seven patients with meningiomas; in three by cannulation of the middle meningeal artery during surgery and in four by microcatheter introduced into the middle meningeal artery. Phenytoin (125–500 mg) diluted with saline (25 mg/ml) was injected slowly as a bolus. There was no evidence of devascularisation in two meningiomas treated with 125 mg and 150 mg of phenytoin. Large areas of ischaemic and haemorrhagic necrosis were found in five meningiomas treated with 250–500 mg. After embolisation, the tumour blush disappeared, with preservation of the feeding arteries. Total resection of the tumour was performed with minimum blood loss. Caution and proper use are emphasised to avoid increase in tumour volume and reflux. Phenytoin could be a suitable material for superselective embolisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050756
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kabuki make-up syndrome and report of a case with hydrocephalus (1998)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 14 (1998), S. 230-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Aqueductal stenosis ; Hydrocephalus ; Kabuki make-up syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 22-year-old man with hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis. The patient was diagnosed with Kabuki make-up syndrome based on associated findings such as a peculiar facies, postnatal growth deficiency, brachydactyly of the fifth fingers, undescended testes, and malrotation of the colon. Kabuki make-up syndrome, recognized in Japan in 1981, is characterized by five cardinal manifestations: a peculiar facies, skeletal anomalies, dermatoglyphic anomalies, slight to moderate mental retardation, and postnatal dwarfism. Neurological anomalies have been reported to include neonatal hypotonia, feeding problems, seizures, West syndrome, microcephaly, brain atrophy, GH deficiency, precocious puberty, delayed sexual development, and diabetes insipidus. Aqueductal stenosis may be caused by part of the series of midline anomalies. Physicians should pay attention to associated anomalous characteristics suggesting a malformation syndrome when they encounter nontumoral aqueductal stenosis in adolescents or adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810050218
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