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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 65 (1985), S. 318-321 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Blood-brain barrier ; Brain edema ; Cerebral hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The epiphenomena that seem to cause deterioration and death after spontaneous interacerebral hematoma (SICH) might best be studied in an animal model. Therefore, the principles for developing such a model and techniques to study these phenomena were evaluated. Animals will tolerate injection of 3%–5% of their brain volume with a high proportion of clots. Fluorescein can be used to study the blood-brain barrier, and gravimetry to study edema. Others have found that injection of a paraffin/oil mixture can be employed for a control model. Refinement of the fluorescein technique, development of a primate model, and directions for future research are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 115 (1992), S. 67-68 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Hydrocephalus ; ventriculopleural shunt ; pleural effusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Due to the limited absorptive capacity of the pleural cavity, infants and young children are not generally ideal candidates for ventriculopleural shunts. We report using chest cavities as alternate for temporary diversion of CSF in a young child. Venous access to the cervical region could not be utilized because of scarring from previous procedures, while peritoneal access was contraindicated due to repeated pseudocyst formation. Pleural effusions were removed by thoracentesis when necessary, and the shunt catheter was changed to the opposite side of the chest when the effusions reaccumulated within one week. Utilizing the ventriculopleural shunts allowed us to temporize her non-communicating hydrocephalus for a period of one year, until a definitve CSF procedure by direct intracardiac placement of the distal catheter could be performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 52 (1980), S. 185-194 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Embolus radiolabelling with131I fibrinogen was studied in a canine model of internal carotid artery embolization. The dog was chosen as the experimental animal because of its maxillocarotid artery which permits collateral flow round the occlusion and helps to prevent strokes. Clot was prepared by incubating blood at room temperature to inactivate plasminogen activators and then refrigerating it to promote clot retraction. Emboli persisting 48 hours were seen in 80% of animals. Major strokes were not seen when 0.25 to 0.30 cm3 were used. Autoradiography and well counting revealed uptake of isotope. The test, when refined, should provide a tool for the investigation of thromboemboli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 84 (1987), S. 136-139 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cervical vertebrae ; meningocele ; myelography ; spinal diseases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary “High spinal” (cervical and upper thoracic) dysrhaphism usually involves either a meningocele or a dermal sinus tract. These high spinal lesions can have a complex intradural anatomy at the level of the lesion (as this case reports) and are associated with an increased incidence of lower spinal occult dysrhaphic anomalies. It is therefore recommended that patients with “high spinal” dysrhaphism undergo radiological evaluation of the entire spine to identify those patients with intradural anomalies, define the anatomy for surgery, and investigate the lower spine for associated occult anomalies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 87 (1987), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Educational measurement ; educational research and evaluation ; internship and residency ; teaching methods and material
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although the ultimate success of surgery depends on the use of adequate psychomotor skills, the evaluation of the abilities of a trainee and the teaching of these skills has not been systematized. The choice of a trainee in surgery should be based at least partially on his innate abilities, and his training should be begun at an appropriate level. The procedures he may do should be analyzed to determine the skills required for their performance. Then these skills should be taught specifically, initially in non-threatening situations such as laboratory settings, and their acquisition assessed so that he can be progressed to more advanced work at the appropriate time. Ultimately a decision must be made whether to train a candidate to a skill level or whether to train him for a set period and then counsel him regarding which procedures he has the skills to perform. There are well developed concepts in educational psychology that may be used in developing improved methods to assess and train prospective surgeons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 40 (1978), S. 123-129 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Carotid arteries ; carotid-cavernous fistula ; carotid artery ; internal ; fibromuscular dysplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A young woman presented with a spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula. She also had fibromuscular dysplasia of the extracranial cerebral arteries. The possible relationship of the two diseases brought up important questions concerning how to manage the patient. Treatment by obliteration of the carotid circulation on one side would be expected to increase blood flow on the other side. If the cavernous carotid artery on the second side was weakened by fibromuscular dysplasia, the increased flow might predispose to the formation of a second carotidcavernous fistula. We first attempted to avoid surgery. When progressive symptoms occurred, the cavernous sinus was obliterated with bronze wire, thus preventing venous shunting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 45 (1979), S. 217-224 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subdural haematoma ; computerized axial tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A unique patient with bilateral subdural haematomas with localized subdural membranes on one side is reported. Serial CT scans suggested that the membranes resolved spontaneously after drainage of the haematoma. The pathophysiology of subdural haematoma and the value of CT scanning in postoperative follow-up are discussed, especially in regard to learning more about the optimal treatment in this still somewhat enigmatic problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Gunshot wounds ; head injuries ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Patients who have suffered gunshot wounds in civilian settings, who present with posturing and in whom the bullet has passed through the geographical centre of the brain have generally not been felt to be salvageable. However, surprisingly favourable outcomes in two such patients have led us to believe that some such patients may deserve agressive treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 65 (1982), S. 103-109 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain injuries ; delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma ; disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis ; head injuries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma (DTICH) was seen in a patient with a moderately severe head injury and disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (DICF) two hours after she had a normal computerized tomographic (CT) scan of the brain and five and one half hours after she was involved in a motor vehicle pedestrian accident. It is important to consider the diagnosis of DTICH in patients with head injuries who deteriorate clinically, especially if they have DICF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of partially occluding post-traumatic thrombosis of the internal carotid artery and secondary embolism of the middle cerebral artery is reported. The patient was treated with Thrombolysin with coincident resolution of clinical symptoms and signs and clearing of the lesions on arteriography. This may have been fortuitous. The subject of traumatic carotid artery thrombosis is reviewed in detail, and its pathophysiology is discussed, especially in relation to facts known about occlusive vascular disease secondary to atherosclerosis and related embolie phenomena. Suggestions are made concerning the treatment of this condition, especially with regard to developing rational criteria for opening vascular beds through evaluation of collateral cerebral blood flow. The uses of microvascular surgical techniques and thrombolytic therapy are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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