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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of long-term daily administration of prostaglandin-E2 on maintaining elevated proximal tibial metaphyseal cancellous bone mass in male rats (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 245-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E2 ; Long-term treatment ; Cancellous bone ; Bone formation ; Bone resorption ; Bone turnover ; Remodeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effects of long-term prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on cancellous bone in proximal tibial metaphysis were studied in 7-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats given daily subcutaneous injections of 0, 1, 3, and 6 mg PGE2/kg/day and sacrificed after 60, 120, and 180 days. Histomorphometric analyses were performed on double fluorescent-labeled undecalcified bone specimens. After 60 days of treatment, PGE2 produced diffusely labeled trabecular bone area, increased trabecular bone area, eroded and labeled trabecular perimeter, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate at all dose levels when compared with age-matched controls. In rats given PGE2 for longer time periods (120 and 180 days), trabecular bone area, diffusely labeled trabecular bone area, labeled perimeter, mineral apposition, and bone formation rates were sustained at the elevated levels achieved earlier at 60-day treatment. The eroded perimeter continued to increase until 120 days, then plateau. The observation that continuous systemic PGE2 administration to adult male rats elevated metaphyseal cancellous bone mass to 3.5-fold of the control level within 60 days and maintained it for another 120 days indicates that the powerful skeletal anabolic effects of PGE2 can be sustained with continuous administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296289
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dkk2 has a role in terminal osteoblast differentiation and mineralized matrix formation (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 37 (2005), S. 945-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Human and mouse genetic and in vitro evidence has shown that canonical Wnt signaling promotes bone formation, but we found that mice lacking the canonical Wnt antagonist Dickkopf2 (Dkk2) were osteopenic. We reaffirmed the finding that canonical Wnt signaling stimulates osteogenesis, including the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1614
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of daily administration of prostaglandin E2 and its withdrawal on the lumbar vertebral bodies in male rats (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 234 (1992), S. 172-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E2 ; Long-term treatment ; Withdrawal ; Cancellous bone ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of daily prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) treatment (on) and PGE2 treatment followed by withdrawal (on-off) on cancellous bone in lumbar vertebral bodies were studied in 7-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The first groups of rats were given daily subcutaneous injections of 0,1,3, and 6 mg PGE2 /kg/dfor 60, 120, and 180 days, and the second group of rats were given PGE2 for 60 days followed by withdrawal for 60 and 120 days. Histomorphometric analyses were performed on double-fluorescent labeled undecalcified sections of fourth lumbar vertebral bodies. Systemic PGE2 treatment elevated cancellous bone mass of lumbral vertebral bodies 26-60% above control levels within 60 days and continued treatment maintained it for another 120 days, but the excess bone was lost after the treatment was withdrawn. PGE2 treatment for 60 days increased trabecular bone area, trabecular width, and bone formation parameters, and shortened remodeling periods in a dose-response manner. These changes were sustained at the levels achieved by 60-day treatment in the rats treated for 120 and 180 days. The eroded perimeter increased at day 60 and further at day 120 and then plateaued. In the on-off treated rats, the cancellous bone area, bone formation, and resorption parameters returned to near agerelated controls by 60 days after withdrawal and were maintained there after 120 days of withdrawal. Therefore we conclude that the continuous treatment is needed in order to maintain the PGE2-induced bone gain. When these findings were compared to those previously reported for the proximal tibial metaphyses, we found that the proximal tibial spongiosa was much more responsive to PGE2 treatment than the fourth lumbar vertebral body.© Willey-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092340204
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptation of cancellous bone to aging and immobilization in growing rats (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 234 (1992), S. 317-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Growing rats ; Cancellous bone ; Adaptation ; Immobilization ; Bone histomorphometry ; Longitudinal growth ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two-and-half month-old female rats were subjected to right hindlimb immobilization or served as controls for 0, 1, 2, 8, 14, and 20 weeks. The right hindlimb was immobilized by bandaging it against the abdomen, thus unloading it. Cancellous bone histomorphometry was performed on microradiographs and double-fluorescent labeled 20 μm sections of the distal femoral metaphyses. Primary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 2 weeks, and secondary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 8 weeks of immobilization, and then equilibrated at 60% less bone mass than age-related controls. The negative bone balance induced by immobilization was caused by transient increase in bone resorption, decrease in bone formation, and longitudinal bone growth. The dynamic data of secondary spongiosa cancellous bone showed that percent eroded perimeter was transiently elevated by 55 to 82% between 1 and 8 weeks, percent labeled perimeter was transiently depressed by 32% to 50% between 1 and 14 weeks, mineral apposition rate was depressed by 23% and 19% at 1 and 2 weeks, and bone formation rate-bone area referent was transiently depressed by 35% and 59% at 1 and 2 weeks. All the above parameters were at age-related control levels by 20 weeks of immobilization. However, bone formation rate-tissue area refent was depressed (-65%) throughout the study. Immobilization depressed completely longitudinal bone growth by 2 weeks and remained so. Only 0.65 mm of new metaphysis was generated in the immobilized versus 2.1 mm in controls during the study period. The immobilization induced an early cancellous bone loss which equilibrated at a new steady state with less bone and a normal (age-related control) bone turnover rate. When these findings were compared to an earlier study of 9-month-old virgin females subjected to right hindlimb immobilization up to 26 weeks, we found the adaptive responses of the cancellous bone were identical except that they occurred earlier and equilibrated sooner in younger rats.© Willey-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092340304
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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