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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate with sodium chloroacrylate (1985)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 13 (1985), S. 357-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Sodium styrene sulfonate was copolymerized with sodium chloroacrylate in water-isopropanol mixtures by radical initiation at 70°C. Analysis of the copolymers showed that due to dehalogenation reaction chloroacrylate units underwent various transformations with predominant formation of lactone structures. The copolymer composition was evaluated from NMR spectra. Monomer reactivity ratios were calculated using the integrated copolymerization equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262121
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of methyl-α-cyanocinnamate with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (1984)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 12 (1984), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary N-vinyl pyrrolidone was copolymerized with methyl α-cyanocinnamate in solution by radical initiation at 70°C up to low conversions. Essentially equimolar copolymers were formed over a wide range of monomer feed ratios. Terminal, penultimate, and complex copolymerization models were applied by using the copolymer composition data. The participation of monomer complexes in the propagation reactions could account for the deviations of the copolymerization behavior from terminal and penultimate models. The copolymers were characterized by IR, PMR and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258274
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane and α-methyl vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 3233-3248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane and α-methyl vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile in the presence of a complexing agent AlEtCl2 results in the formation of alternate copolymers. In the copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile the copolymer composition depends on the ratio of acrylonitrile to AlEtCl2. If this ratio is unity, alternating copolymers of the composition 1:1 are formed; with a ratio greater than unity statistical copolymers that contain more than 50% acrylonitrile units are produced. The 1H-NMR spectroscopy measurements indicate that the interaction between the comonomers and the complexing agent leads to the formation of ternary donor-acceptor complexes of equimolar composition. The equilibrium constants of these complexes at -60°C have been determined. The effects of temperature, nature of solvent and dilution on the yield, and composition of the copolymers of vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile formed have been studied. By lowering the temperature the yield of copolymers increases but their composition remains equimolar. An increase in the polarity of the medium results in an increase in copolymer yield, whereas the yield decreases if the reaction is conducted in a donor-solvent medium. Dilution of the reaction mixture disrupts the alternation of units in the macrochain of copolymers. The kinetic pecularities of copolymerization have been investigated. The linear dependence of the copolymerization rate on the product of comonomer concentration is observed. The rate of copolymerization is proportional to the square root of the incident light intensity. Various additions of radical type and irradiation accelerate the process of copolymerization. The mechanism of alternating copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane monomers with acrylonitrile in the presence of AlEtCl2 is discussed in terms of homopolymerization of the comonomer complex.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.170161217
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymers of vinylcyclohexane with styrene: Peculiarity of thermal behavior, parameters of crystal structure, and structural transitions (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 755-764 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermal behavior, the parameters of crystal structure, and the structural transitions of copolymers of vinylcyclohexane with styrene were studied. Heating in air of the copolymers and of mechanical mixtures of homopolymers results in thermooxidative destruction. For all samples, the oxidation starts at 210-220°C. The antioxidant effect on thermal stability of copolymers was studied. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) data were used to determine the melting points of homopolymers and crystal copolymers. The method of x-ray diffraction on large scattering angles was used to determine the dimensions and type of unit cells, the degree of crystallinity, the dimensions of the coherent scattering regions (the dimensions of crystallites) of copolymers of various compositions, and to compare them to the parameters of the structure of polyvinylcyclohexane and polystyrene. Information on molecular motion intensity and structural transitions in homopolymers and copolymers with changing temperature was obtained by the spin-probe technique.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150321
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear condensation polymers of aromatic 1,3-diamines with 3-pyridinealdehyde (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 1231-1241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the presence of one equivalent of acid, m-phenylenediamine and 2-methyl m-phenylenediamine react with pyridine-3 aldehyde with C alkylation to produce linear polymers, poly(4,6-R-methylene m-phenylenediamine) and poly(4,6-R-methylene 2-methyl m-phenylenediamine). These were characterized by UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. Comparison with model compounds confirmed the above structures. A secondary reaction noted at 25°C and higher for the polymer was the oxidative coupling of two neighboring aromatic diamines to produce substituted 2,7-diamino acridine groups along the chain.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170220603
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of copolymers of vinylcyclohexane and α-methylvinylcyclohexane with acrylonitrile (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 2989-2997 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A study has been made of the structure and properties of alternating equimolar and random copolymers of vinylcyclohexanne and α-methylvinylcyclohexane with acrylonitrile using infrared and 1H-NMR spectroscopy methods, as well as x-ray diffraction and differential thermal analyses. The spectral methods allowed an estimation of the composition and distribution of comonomer units in the copolymer macrochains. The thermal stability of alternating copolymers was found to be higher than that of polyacrylonitrile. Alternating and random copolymers are amorphous products with various dimensions of crystallites. Information on the molecular motion intensity and temperatures of structural transitions in copolymer macrochains was obtained by the spin-probe technique.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070231017
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical alternating copolymerization of vinyl ethers (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2295-2303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: radical copolymerization ; alternating equimolar copolymer ; vinyl ethers ; trisubstituted ethylenes ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New alternating equimolar copolymers of electrophilic trisubstituted ethylenes, methyl 3-phenyl-2-cyanopropenoate and 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethene, with ethyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, 2-chloroethyl, and phenyl vinyl ethers were prepared by free radical initiation. Chemical compositions of the copolymers are 1 : 1 in broad ranges of monomer ratios. The copolymerization rate of both electrophilic monomers with the vinyl ethers increase in the series 2-chloroethyl 〉 ethyl 〉 phenyl 〉 n-butyl 〉 i-butyl 〉 t-butyl. These variations in the reactivity of the vinyl ethers are discussed in terms of their preferred conformations in donor-acceptor complexes with electrophilic trisubstituted ethylenes. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310912
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