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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging And Nano-Manipulation Of Single Actomyosin Motors At Work (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Muscle contraction is achieved by the sliding movement of myosin and actin using the energy of ATPase.2. Our research has focused on the question of how chemical energy is used to perform mechanical work. Recent developments of single molecule imaging and manipulation techniques have allowed us to study the chemical and mechanical events at a molecular level.3. There are many lines of evidence that show that the energy liberated from ATPase is stored in the actomyosin molecules for later use.4. The displacement produced by a single ATP molecule is made up of several steps, each of 5.3 nm. Sometimes the mechanical event is delayed after the ADP is released from myosin.5. This storage of energy may be explained by a slow conformational transition between the metastable states of the proteins. This suggestion has been supported by results obtained using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03226.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apoptosis in Ca2 +  reperfusion injury of cultured astrocytes: roles of reactive oxygen species and NF-κB activation (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 11 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We previously reported that incubation of cultured astrocytes in Ca2 + -containing medium after exposure to Ca2 + -free medium caused Ca2 +  influx followed by delayed cell death. Here, we studied the mechanisms underlying the Ca2 + -mediated injury of cultured astrocytes. Our results show that Ca2 +  reperfusion injury of astrocytes appears to be mediated by apoptosis, as demonstrated by DNA fragmentation and prevention of death by caspase-3 inhibitors. Paradoxical Ca2 +  challenge stimulated rapidly reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Ca2 +  reperfusion injury of astrocytes was influenced by several reagents which modified ROS production. When astrocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 30 min and then incubated without H2O2 for 1–5 days, cell toxicity including apoptosis was observed. Ca2 +  reperfusion injury induced by Ca2 +  depletion or H2O2 exposure was blocked by the iron chelator 1,10-phenanthroline, the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and the calcineurin inhibitor FK506. Incubation in normal medium after H2O2 exposure rapidly increased the level of nuclear NF-κB p65 subunit, and the effect was blocked by 1,10-phenanthroline, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and FK506. These findings indicate that Ca2 +  reperfusion-induced apoptosis is mediated at least partly by ROS production and ROS cause NF-κB activation in cultured astrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00850.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal oxidation of fractionated polypropylene in solution (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 563-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal oxidation of fractionated polypropylene was carried out in trichlorobenzene under atmospheric oxygen at 125°C with conventional oxygen uptake. The oxidizability of the polymers is discussed on the basis of the oxygen uptake curves and the properties of the polymers. Fractions of atactic polypropylene oxidized easily at the initial stage of the oxidation and showed neither autoxidation phenomena nor the induction period observed in the isotactic polymer. Hydrogenation of the ether-soluble fraction by a Wilkinson catalyst gave a polymer which was, according to infrared spectrometry, free from impurity groups such as hydroperoxide, carbonyl, and unsaturation groups. The hydrogenated fraction was more stable to thermal oxidation than the unhydrogenated fraction and showed an induction period. The results indicate that the initiation process of the oxidation of polypropylene is apparently dependent on the impurities such as hydroperoxide, carbonyl, and unsaturation and that stereoregularity of the polymer affects the kinetic dependence of the oxidation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220223
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the mobility of sodium ions in charged cellulosic membranes (1984)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 5 (1984), S. 301-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1984.030050510
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodegradation of polyethylene in the presence of ferric chloride (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 1667-1675 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Effects of ferric chloride (FeCl3) on photodegradation of high-density polyethylene (PE) were investigated by using ESR and infrared spectrometry. In the system with irradiation at light of λ 〉 220 nm, PE irradiated at 77°K yielded an 8-line spectrum, the intensity of which was markedly weakened by using FeCl3 with the sample, indicating a distinct depression of radical formation. On the other hand, PE with the use of FeCl3 yielded radicals under irradiation only with light of λ 〉 300 nm, showing a singlet spectrum with a line width of 15 gauss. For photooxidized PE, almost the same effect of FeCl3 was observed. On irradiation at room temperature, PE samples with and without FeCl3 showed a singlet spectrum with line widths of 15 and 25 gauss, respectively. On the other hand, the unsaturated double bond contained in a small amount in PE sample was observed by infrared study to be decreased with photoirradiation; however, the decrease was sharply depressed with the addition of FeCl3 to the sample. The degradation of carbonyl group in a photooxidized sample was markedly affected by photoirradiation, and the decay was obviously reduced for the sample on addition of FeCl3. It is concluded that FeCl3 works upon photodegradation of PE to enhance the Norrish type II reaction and to accelerate the formation of unsaturated double bond in the chain.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150715
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodegradation of polyethylene in the presence of ferric salt: Influence of ferric acetylacetonate on model compounds (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 2865-2873 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of ferric acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3] on the photodegradation of model compounds of polyethylene (PE) was examined. By studying electron-spin-resonance (ESR) spectra of photoirradiated compounds such as 1-octene and 1,7-octadiene, which contain carbon double bonds, Fe(acac)3 was found to accelerate the formation of allyl radical by contact with them. On the other hand, Fe(acac)3 suppressed the radical formation based on Norrish type I reaction in a carbonyl group of compounds such as 2-octanone and 3-octanone. Based on the study of ultraviolet (UV) spectra as well as ESR spectra on photoirradiated samples, the influence of Fe(acac)3 on the photodecomposition of model compounds of PE was discussed. Finally, the discussion turned to the mechanism of photodecomposition of PE in the presence of ferric salt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.170161112
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