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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Globin mRNA sequences on the 15 S precursor (1978)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 65 (1978), S. 537-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439799
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcription factors and induction in Xenopus laevis embryos (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 362-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words.Xenopus laevis; mesoderm induction; specific transription factors; pattern formation; embryogenesis; growth factors.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Studies with amphibian embryos have contributed major insights into the molecular basis of induction processes and the formation of germ layers during vertebrate embryogenesis. Primary signals that have been identified as growth factors or growth factor-related ligands act as inducing factors on their target cells and, by a change of the genetic program, evoke a specification of the cellular differentiation pathways. While at present the signal transduction mechanisms leading from the ligands via cognate receptors to the nuclei are still poorly understood, there is growing information on transcription factors which are activated upon induction. They govern the expression of other regulatory molecules and co-ordinate the expression of cell type-specific structural genes. Meanwhile, it is generally accepted that development and cellular differentiation in all muticellular organisms depends upon a cascade of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors. Striking structural similarities within their DNA-binding domains allow many of these factors to be subdivided into different transcription factor families. Most of the basic knowledge on these factors emerged from the pioneering work done with Drosophila embryos which was greatly facilitated by the availability of numerous mutants. Despite the fact that Drosophila development until the blastoderm stage proceeds in a multinuclear syncytium and thus is significantly different from that in vertebrate organisms, the primary structures of many embryonic transcription factors have been conserved in higher organisms. This especially holds true for the various DNA binding motifs and it facilitated the isolation and characterization of vertebrate homologues to factors previously identified in lower organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000612
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activin A signaling directly activates Xenopus winged helix factors XFD-4/4’, the orthologues to mammalian MFH-1 (2000)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 320-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Winged helix transcription factor ; Xenopuslaevis ; Paraxial mesoderm ; Abdominal muscle ; Activin A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We investigated the Xenopus winged helix gene XFD-4, its cDNA, and a pseudoallelic cDNA, termed XFD-4’, representing Xenopus orthologues to chicken CWH-2 and mammalian MFH-1. XFD-4/4’ genes are activated after midblastula transition in dorsolateral mesoderm but not within the dorsal lip. Later, expression is found in two segmented lines of cells bordering the somites, in head mesenchyme, in ventral abdominal muscle, and in the tail tip. Smad2 RNA injection leads to ectopic expression of XFD-4’. Since activation is also observed in activin A treated animal cap explants in the presence of cycloheximide, XFD-4/4’ genes represent direct targets of activin signaling. Note that the future nomenclature for XFD-4 will be FoxC2a and for XFD-4’ will be FoxC2b (Fox Nomenclature Committee).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050319
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesoderm induction and blood island formation by angiogenic growth factors and embryonic inducing factors (1989)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 59 (1989), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Mesoderm inducing factors ; Growth factors ; FGF and TGF-β protein families
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Factors which induce mesoderm, including endothelium lined cavities and primitive blood cells in omnipotent amphibian ectoderm, have been isolated from different sources. Recently it was shown that angiogenic factors, which belong to the protein families of the heparin binding growth factors (acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor) and the transforming growth factors (TGF-β 1 and -β 2), also induce mesodermal tissues in amphibian ectoderm. In Triturus ectoderm, capillary like endothelial networks are induced preferentially by the transforming growth factors. The relationship between growth factors and inducing fators is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320849
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesoderm induction by transforming growth factor β: Medium conditioned by TGF-β-treated ectoderm enhances the inducing activity (1989)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 76 (1989), S. 270-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368638
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesoderm-inducing factors (1987)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 74 (1987), S. 604-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368525
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural inducing factors in neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma cell lines (1992)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 79 (1992), S. 365-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01140181
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Template active chromatin structures: Degradation by deoxyribonuclease I (1977)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 3 (1977), S. 269-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chicken embryos were pulse-labelled in vivo with [3H]uridine (10 min), the chromatin isolated and treated with DNAse I. The residual chromatin was separated from the degradation products by centrifugation. The nascent pulse-labelled RNA is completely recovered in the residual chromatin even after prolonged incubation with DNAase I, whereas the DNA is completely degraded to 80 base polynucleotide fragments and smaller fragments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368296
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction patterns of adult chicken globin genes at early and late stages of embryonic development (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 8 (1982), S. 177-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Globin mRNA isolated from anemic chicken was transcribed into cDNA and integrated into the Pst I cleavage site of plasmid pBR 322. After cloning in E. coli strain HB 101 and colony hybridization with125I-labelled globin mRNA the plasmids of individual clones were characterized by hybrid arrested cell-free translation. Thus we could isolate clones containing α or β globin chain nucleotide sequences. DNA was isolated from chicken blastoderms incubated for 18–20 h and from 11 d chicken embryos. A comparison of the restriction maps of the DNA from the two developmental stages with labelled nick translated plasmids and labelled cDNA did not indicate any globin gene rearrangements between these two stages of embryonic development. We conclude, that the adult chicken globin genes show a constant genomic organization during embryonic development. However, the restriction patterns of the globin gene family of the chicken strain investigated revealed some differences after 2 generations of propagation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00777246
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