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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Pour comparer les efficacités respectives de la poudre de collagène micocristalline (PCM) et de la colle de fibrine (CF) dans les résections électives du foie, 62 patients (14 femmes, 48 hommes), dont les âges variaient de 51 à 75 ans, ont été randomisés. Ils ont reçu soit la PCM (n=31) soit la CF (n=31) comme agent d'hémostase locale après hépatectomie. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre les patients des deux groupes en ce qui concerne le sexe, l'âge, la fonction hépatique, le bilan de coagulation, la numération plaquettaire, le type de résection ou la durée de l'opération. Une section hépatique séche a pu être obtenue en peropératoire dnas 27 (87%) et 25 (81%) cas, respectivement. Les effets hémostatiques des deux agents ont été similaires. Il n'y a pas eu de différence en ce qui concerne l'hémorragie post-opératoire (6% vs 6%), les fuites biliaires (6% vs 6%), la morbidité (45% vs 39%) ou la mortalité (13 vs 10%). Parmi les 52 patients pour lesquels une surface sèche avait été obtenue en peropératoire, un patient a eu une nouvelle hémorragie, et deux ont eu une fuite biliaire dans le groupe PCM, alors qu'aucune de ces complicaitons n'est survenue dans le groups CF. Ces résultats sont en faveur de la CF en ce qui concern la fiabilité des résultats, mais la CF est plus de deux fois plus chère. Le choix entre la CF ou la PCM pourrait dépendre des caractéristiques spécifiques de chaque agent.
    Abstract: Resumen Con el propósito de comparar la differencia en cuanto a eficacia hemostásica entre el polvo de colágeno microcristalino (CL) y la goma de fibrina (FG) en la resección hepática electiva, 62 pacientes (14 mujeres, 48 hombres) con edades entre 51 y 75 años fueron asignados en forma aleatoria para recibir CL o FG como agente hemostático tópico en el curso de la hepatectomía. No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a sexo, edad, función hepática, función de coagulación, recuento de plaquetas, tipo de la resección hepática y duración de la operación entre los pacientes en quienes se utilizó CL (grupo CL, n=31). El CL y la FG exhibieron efectos hemostásicos similares; no se observaron diferencias en cuanto a sangrado postoperatorio, escape biliar, tasas de morbilidad y de mortalidad (6% vs 6%, 6% vs 6%, 45% vs 39% y 13% vs 10%, respectivamente). Entre 52 casos con superficie seca de sección durante la cirugía, a pacientes del grupo CL presentaron resangrado (n=1) o escape biliar (n=2) a partir de la superficie de sección, contra ninguno en el grupo FG. Los resultados parecen estar a favor del FG en relación a la confiabilidad en el período postoperatorio pero debe tenerse en cuenta el elevado costo. La aplicación de CL o FG debe ser realizada en consideración a las características particulares de estos dos agentes.
    Notes: Abstract To compare the difference in efficacy of microcrystalline collagen powder (CL) and fibrin glue (FG) in elective hepatic resection, 62 patients (female 14, male 48) with ages ranging from 51 to 75 years were randomly allocated to receive either CL or FG as a topical agent during hepatectomy. There were no significant differences between the patients treated with CL (n=31) and those treated with FG (n=31) regarding sex, age, liver function, coagulation function, platelet counts, type of liver resection, and operative duration. A dry cut surface of the liver was obtained during surgery in 27 (87%) patients and 25 (81%) patients treated with CL and FG, respectively. Both CL and FG showed similar hemostatic effects. The CL and FG groups were not different in terms of postoperative rebleeding, bile leakage, or morbidity and mortality rates (6% vs. 6%, 6% vs. 6%, 45% vs. 39%, and 13% vs. 10%, respectively). Of the 52 patients with a dry cut surface of the liver during surgery, 3 patients in the CL group encountered rebleeding (n=1) or bile leakage (n=2) from the cut surface postoperatively, while no such complications were noted in the FG group. The results seem to favor FG for reliability in the postoperative period. The application of CL or FG may be better performed with consideration of the characteristics of each agent.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Patients with transmural (T2N0–T3N2) advanced gastric carcinoma comprise the largest group with uncertain outcome. These patients must be stratified according to the prognostic variables so the high risk group can be precisely identified. A total of 152 patients with transmural advanced gastric carcinomas were uniformly treated with a curative intent between 1979 and 1989 with at least a 7-year follow-up. Results and prognostic factors of long-term survival were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Seventy-five (49%) patients with advanced gastric carcinoma survived more than 7 years, which indicates the curative nature of surgery for gastric carcinoma. Seventeen variables were evaluated by univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, patient's age [〉 70 years, relative risk (RR) 2.4)], intraoperative blood loss (〉 500 ml, RR 1.7), blood vessel invasion (RR 2.3), ratio of invaded dissected lymph nodes (〉 0.2, RR 3.0), and tumors penetrating the serosa (RR 3.9) were the independent prognostic variables. The results of this study indicate that extensive lymphadenectomy and minimal intraoperative blood loss might be helpful for improving patient survival following a curative resection. Patients with vessel invasion, serosal involvement, and those 〉 70 years of age should be considered at high risk and require appropriate adjuvant therapy to prolong survival.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le traitement du cancer du foie associé à des varices oesophagiennes fut pratiqué chez 8 cirrhotiques qui présentaient une hypertension portale. Chez 5 malades, admis pour le traitement chirurgical de varices oesophagiennes, un cancer limité du foie fut décelé au moment de l'exploration opératoire. Chez 3 malades le diagnostic d'hépatome avait été porté avant l'intervention. L'exérèse de la tumeur du foie suivie d'une anastomose porto-cave fut pratiquée avec succès chez 6 malades. Le traitement simultané des varices oesophagiennes et du cancer du foie est possible quand la tumeur hépatique est découverte à un stade précoce. Le procédé le plus fiable pour aboutir à un diagnostic exact est représenté par l'artériographie hépatique. Notre propre expérience nous incite donc à recommander l'étude artériographique chez les cirrhotiques, particulièrement quand on envisage de traiter chirurgicalement les varices oesophagiennes.
    Notes: Abstract Surgical treatment of liver cancer associated with esophageal varices was carried out in 8 cirrhotic patients with evidence of portal hypertension. In 5 patients admitted for elective surgery of esophageal varices, minute hepatomas were detected during the course of preoperative investigation. The remaining 3 patients were referred to our department when esophageal varices plus hepatoma had become evident. Extirpative treatment of the liver tumor followed by selective shunt operations were successfully carried out in 6 patients, and interrupted procedures were used in 2 patients. Treatment of both esophageal varices and liver cancer appears to be effective when the tumor in the liver is detected in an early stage. The most reliable diagnostic tool at the present time seems to be hepatic arteriography. Our experience strongly suggests that arteriographic studies should be seriously considered in cirrhotic patients, particularly when surgery for varices is being contemplated.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Cretinism is marked by irreversible mental and growth retardation. We describe here an entirely new case of cretinism showing combined pituitary hormone deficiencies of thyrotropin, growth hormone and prolactin that appears to be caused by homozygosity for a nonsense mutation in the gene for the ...
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Entre juin 1969 et février 1987, 78 patients avec des varices oesogastriques ont subi une anastomose splénorénale distale (ASRD). L'intervention a été réalisée en urgence dans 9 cas, à froid dans 40, et à titre prophylactique chez 29 patients. Cinquante deux hommes et 26 femmes ont été opérés. L'âge moyen des patients était 53 ans, les extrêmes 16 et 76 ans; trente sept patients étaient alcooliques. L'antigène de surface d'hépatite B n'était positif que chez 14.1% des patients. Les causes de l'hypertension portale était la cirrhose du foie chez 67 patients, l'hépatite chronique chez 5, l'hypertension portale idiopathique chez 4, la cirrhose biliaire primitive chez un, et la stéatose chez un. Selon la classification de Child, 52 patients étaient classés A, 18, B, et 8, C. Les anastomoses ont été pratiquées en urgence seulement lorsque le traitement médical conservateur n'avait pas réussi à arrêter le signement. Les interventions à titre prophylactique ont été réalisées chez des patients classés Child A ou B avec des varices à risques c'est-à-dire ayant plus de 5 mm de diamètre et/ou présentant des signes de rupture imminente comme les tâches de cerise rouge. Quarante deux patients ont eu une ASRD selon la technique originale de Warren; les 36 autres ont en une ASRD par l'intermédiaire d'une prothèse en polytétrafluoroéthylène. La mortalité opératoire était de 11.1% chez les patients opérés en urgence, 2.5% chez ceux opérés à froid, et 3.4% chez les patients opérés à titre prophylactique. Respectivement, la mortalité globale opératoire et périopératoire était de 3.8% et 7.7%. Le taux de perméabilité de l'anastomose était de 94.1%; l'incidence de récidive hémorragique, de 3.8%. L'encéphalopathie hépatique, au plus modéré en intensité, était observée chez 14.7% des 75 patients survivant à l'intervention. Les taux de survie à 1, 2, et 3 ans chez les patients opérés en urgence était de 77.8% pour chaque groupe. Les taux de survie à 1, 2, 3, 5, et 10 ans des patients opérés à froid était de 86.9, 75.1, 71.3, 55.2, et 29.4%, respectivement. Le taux de survie à 5, 10, et 15 ans des patients opérés à titre prophylactique était de 85.5% pour chaque groupe. Le pronostic à long terme était moins bon lorsqu'il s'agissait de patients de classe C de Child et chez les alcooliques. Compte tenu des résultats de cette étude rétrospective, nous concluons que l'ASRD est une intervention fiable dans le traitement des varices oesogastriques en rapport avec l'hypertension portale et qu'elle peut être effectuée avec sécurité en urgence, à froid et à titre prophylactique.
    Abstract: Resumen Entre junio de 1969 y febrero de 1987 se practicaron derivaciones esplenorrenales distales en 78 pacientes con diagnóstico de várices esofagogástricas. Las operaciones fueron de urgencia en 9 casos, electivas en 40, y profilácticas en 29. El grupo estaba compuesto por 52 hombres y 26 mujeres, con edades que oscilaron entre 16 y 76 años, con un promedio de 53 años. Treinta y siete pacientes eran alcohólicos; el antígeno de superficie para hepatitis B fue positivo solamente en el 14.1%. Las causas de la hipertensión portal fueron: cirrosis hepática en 67, hepatitis crónica en 5, hipertensión portal idiopática en 4, cirrosis biliar primaria en 1, e hígado graso en 1. Cincuenta y dos pacientes fueron clasificados en la categoría A de la escala de Child, 18 en la categoría B, y 8 en la categoría C. Las derivaciones de emergencia fueron efectuadas sólo cuando no se logró controlar la hemorragia con terapia conservadora. Las operaciones profilácticas fueron realizadas en aquellos pacientes que clasificaron como clases A o B en la escala de Child y varices de alto riesgo, en pacientes con varices mayores de 5 mm de diámetro y/o várices con signos de color rojo, tales como manchas de color cereza. En 42 pacientes se hizo la derivación original de Warren, pero en los 36 restantes se hizo una derivación esplenorrenal distal modificada con interposición de un puente de politetrafluoroetileno. Las tasas de mortalidad operatoria fueron de 11.1% en las operaciones de emergencia, 2.5% en las operaciones electivas, y 3.4% en las operaciones profilácticas. Las tasas globales de mortalidad operatoria y hospitalaria fueron de 3.8% y 7.7%, respectivamente. La tasa de permeabilidad de la derivación fue de 94.1% y la incidencia de sangrado récurrente de las varices esofágicas fue de 3.8%. Se observé encefalopatía hepática de grado medio a moderado, en 14.7% de 75 pacientes, excluyendo 3 muertes operatorias. La tasa de supervivencia a 1, 2, y 3 años del grupo en que se practicó cirugia de emergencia, fueron todas de 77.8%. La tasa de supervivencia a 1,2, 3, 5, y 10 años de los pacientes en que se practicó cirugía electiva fue de 86.9%, 75.1%, 71.3%, 55.2%, y 29.4%, respectivamente. Las tasas de supervivencia a 5, 10, y 15 años del grupo en que se practicó cirugfa profiláctica fueron todas de 85.5%. El pronóstico a largo plazo apareció significativamente peor en los pacientes en la categoria C de Child y en los alcohólicos. A la luz de los resultados de esta evaluación retrospectiva se puede concluŕ que la derivación distal esplenorrenal es un método operatorio confiable para el tratamiento de várices esofagogástricas asociadas a hipertensión portal y que puede ser practicado en forma segura en situaciones de emergencia, así como en cirugía electiva y profiláctica.
    Notes: Abstract From June, 1969 to February, 1987, distal splenorenal shunt was carried out on 78 patients with esophagogastric varices. The operations were urgent in 9, elective in 40, and prophylactic in 29 patients. There were 52 males and 26 females. Age ranged from 16 to 76 years with an average of 53 years. Thirty-seven patients were alcoholics. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in only 15.5%. The causes of portal hypertension were cirrhosis of the liver in 67, chronic hepatitis in 5, idiopathic portal hypertension in 4, primary biliary cirrhosis in 1, and fatty liver in 1 patient. Fifty-two patients were in Child's class A, 18 in class B, and 8 in class C. Emergency shunts were performed only when conservative therapy had failed to stop variceal bleeding. Prophylactic operations were done in patients having Child's class A or class B liver disease and risky varices, in varices larger than 5 mm in diameter and/or varices with red color signs such as cherry red spots. Forty-two patients underwent the original Warren shunt, but the remaining 36 had modified distal splenorenal shunt with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene interposition. The operative mortality rates were 11.1% in the emergency group, 2.5% in the elective group, and 3.4% in the prophylactic group. The overall operative and hospital death rates were 3.8% and 7.7%, respectively. The patency rate was 94.1% and the incidence of rebleeding from esophageal varices was 3.8%. Hepatic encephalopathy, although mild to moderate in degree, was observed in 14.7% of 75 patients excluding 3 operative deaths. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of the emergency group were all 77.8%. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of the elective patients were 86.9%, 75.1%, 71.3%, 55.2%, and 29.4%, respectively. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year survival rates of the prophylactic group were all 85.5%. The long-term prognosis was significantly worse in patients in Child's class C and alcoholics as compared with otherwise. In the light of this retrospective evaluation, it can be concluded that distal splenorenal shunt is a reliable operative method in the treatment of esophagogastric varices associated with portal hypertension and that it can be performed safely in emergency, elective, and prophylactic situations.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To clarify the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial oily chemoembolization (TAOE) for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on long-term survival after curative resection, we retrospectively evaluated 60 patients with and 68 patients without preoperative TAOE. Although there was no substantial difference in the clinical backgrounds between the two groups, the 5-year survival rate was lower for the patients with preoperative TAOE than for those without TAOE: 24% versus 63%, respectively ( p 〈 0.05). A worse survival rate was particularly observed for the cirrhotic patients with TAOE than for those without TAOE: 35% and 72% at 4 years, respectively ( p 〈 0.01). As the cause of death, liver failure and gastrointestinal bleeding were more frequent in the patients with TAOE (13.3% versus 1.5%; p 〈 0.05). Although the TAOE seemed to retard intrahepatic recurrence during the first 1.5 years after operation (1.7% versus 10.3%; p 〈 0.05), the overall cancer death rate was similar between the two groups (18.3% versus 11.8%). Therefore we suggest that preoperative TAOE must not be performed for resectable HCC as a routine procedure, particularly in patients with cirrhosis. A prospective randomized trial is warranted to elucidate the merits and demerits of preoperative TAOE for surgically resectable HCC.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgery today 14 (1984), S. 515-523 
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: hepatic regeneration ; 5-fluorouracil ; adjuvant chemotherapy ; DNA synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five-fluorouracil (5-FU) was given to rats at various periods following two-thirds hepatectomy and the effects of this drug on the regenerating liver were investigated. In one group of rats, two-thirds hepatectomy was carried out (Group I). In four other groups, 20mg/kg 5-FU was given intravenously three times: 0, 24, 48 hours (Group II); 12, 36, 60 hours (Group III); 24, 48, 72 hours (Group IV); and 3, 4, 5 days (Group V) after the same operation. The peaks of DNA synthesis and mitoses of liver cells were noted on the first postoperative day in Groups I, IV and V. Persistent suppression and delay of DNA synthesis was induced in Groups II and III, while in Group IV, DNA synthesis and liver cell divisions were suppressed temporarily after the drug administration but recovered thereafter. There was no significant suppression in Group V. The serum albumin levels and survival rates paralleled the DNA synthesis. These results indicate that in case of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, great care must be directed to the time when DNA synthesis and mitosis of hepatocytes have not yet reached their peaks, because adjuvant chemotherapy in this period may be life-threatening.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: pancreaticoduodenal arterial aneurysm ; duodenal stenosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case reported herein is a patient with ruptured minute pancreaticodudenal arterial aneurysms that proved difficult to distinguish from malignant tumors of the pancreas or duodenum. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal fullness, epigastralgia, nausea, and vomiting. Pre-operative examinations demonstrated duodenal stenosis, mass formation in the head of the pancreas, and three tiny aneurysms in the branches of the gastroduodenal artery. At surgery, an orange-sized mass was revealed in the head of the pancreas, which had adhered fibrously to the duodenum, inferior vena cava, and transverse mesocolon. Thus, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed with a tentative diagnosis of a malignant tumor of the pancreas or duodenum. Subsequent histopathologic examinations, however, demonstrated the presence of a hematoma between the pancreas and duodenum, extensive fibrosis around the hematoma and dissecting aneurysms in the branches of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. In this case, it was considered that fibrosis around the ruptured aneurysms extending to the surrounding organs made it difficult to distinguish the aneurysms from a malignant tumor.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: nonresectable hepatic tumor ; vascular accessgraft ; intraarterial chemotherapy ; liver cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: TAUROURSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID ; LIVER ; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION ; CALCIUM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is ofpotential benefit in cholestatic disorders. However, theeffect of TUDCA on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuryis unknown. We studied this subject with particular regard to its roles in hepatic calciummobilization. Three doses of TUDCA were used withcontinuous intravenous infusion (1.0, 0.1, and 0.01mumol/kg body weight/min). At 3 hr after 1 hr ofischemia and reperfusion in 70% rat liver, high-dose TUDCAreduced hepatic reperfused injury according tobiochemical and histological findings and significantlyincreased bile flow after reperfusion. It significantly increased tissue calcium content and serumcalcium concentration after reperfusion. Furthermore, italso enhanced biliary calcium concentration and totaloutput during reperfusion. In conclusion, TUDCA has a salutary effect on ischemia-reperfusioninjury of the liver. However, it is still unclear howthe calcium mobilization induced by TUDCA is associatedwith the hepatoprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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