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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular recognition by rat liver cells of neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes - Demonstration and analysis of cell contacts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 113 (1978), S. 319-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(78)90372-5
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscle triglycerides in diabetic subjects (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Muscle triglycerides ; muscle glycogen ; insulin dependent diabetes mellitus ; insulin deficiency ; glycaemic control ; non-esterified fatty acids ; glycerol ; exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Muscle triglycerides and glycogen were measured in biopsy specimens of the vastus lateralis muscle before and after 1 h of ergometric exercise at 50 to 60% of maximal capacity (i. e. at a pulse rate during exercise of 180 minus age) in 3 groups of 19 to 35 year old, non-obese male subjects: 10 normals, 10 insulin dependent diabetic patients in relatively good control and 10 poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetic patients in whom insulin was withdrawn 24 h prior to examination. At rest in all subjects muscle triglyceride content was positively correlated with serum triglycerides (p〈0.001) and blood glucose (p〈0.05), resulting in elevated muscle triglyceride stores in the insulin deficient diabetic patients (17.9 ±1.8 μmol/g protein vs. 13.4±1.3 and 9.4±1.2 in the normal subjects and the well controlled diabetic patients; p〈0.05 and 〈0.001). During exercise, utilisation of muscle triglycerides and glycogen were directly related to content at rest (p〈0.001), including the insulin-deprived patients with decreased glycogen. The decrease of muscle fat was associated with a rise in serum glycerol (p〈0.001) and nonesterified fatty acids (p〈0.001) during exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261702
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous autoimmune reactions against pancreatic islets in mouse strains with generalized autoimmune disease (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 19 (1980), S. 216-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulitis ; abnormal glucose tolerance ; NZB mice ; autoimmune mouse strains ; cellular autoimmunity ; diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The spontaneously autoimmune mouse strains NZB, NZB x NZW, MRL and BXSB have been examined for signs of autoimmune reactions against islet cells. Between 15 and 55 animals of each strain were tested. Infiltrates of lymphocytes and fibroblasts into pancreatic islets were found in more than 80% of NZB mice, in about 50% of MRL and NZB x NZW mice, and in less than 20% of BXSB mice. Infiltrates were not found in the exocrine portion of pancrea. All NZB mice had abnormal glucose tolerance. In the three other strains between 20 and 50% of animals had abnormal glucose tolerance. All mice had fasting normoglycaemia. The lesions in NZB mice were studied in more detail. It was found by ultrastructural analysis that in young mice pancreatic infiltrates consisted of lymphocytes and fibroblasts. Single lymphocytes were also seen outside the main infiltration area. After 2 to 5 months of age another type of infiltrate, consisting of lymphocytes and macrophages was observed. B-cell destruction by lymphocytes was apparent in both young and adult NZB mice. It is concluded that cellular autoimmune reactions against pancreatic islets may occur spontaneously as a consequence of immunological disorders in NZB, NZB x NZW and MRL mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275272
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-dose streptozotocin-induced autoimmune diabetes is under the genetic control of the major histocompatibility complex in mice (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 23 (1982), S. 69-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: H-2 dependence ; experimental autoimmune diabetes ; streptozotocin ; genetic control ; mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In mice, an experimental autoimmune diabetes can be induced by multiple injections with low doses of streptozotocin. Since different mouse strains show a varying susceptibility towards this treatment, we have examined whether the experimental autoimmune diabetes is under the genetic control of the major histocompatibility complex (H-2 complex). Mice of five congenic resistant strains, differing in their genome only at the H-2 region, were identically treated on five consecutive days with 40 mg streptozotocin/kg body weight. Genes at the H-2 complex were found to determine the susceptibility towards the diabetogenic effect of streptozotocin: mice of H-2 haplotype k (B10.BR) developed persistent and strong hyperglycaemia (blood glucose approximately 17 mmol/1), mice of strain B10.A (H-2a), C57BL/10 (H-2b) and B10.D2 (H-2d) reacted with moderate hyperglycaemia (between 11.5 and 15.5 mmol/1), whereas mice of strain B10.S (H-2s) were resistant to the diabetogenic effect of low-dose streptozotocin except for a small and transient rise of blood glucose levels. It is concluded that genes within the major histocompatibility complex affect the diabetogenic response to multiple low-dose streptozotocin treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257735
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin degrading enzyme activity and insulin binding of erythrocytes in normal subjects and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 27 (1984), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin degrading enzyme activity ; insulin binding ; insulin resistance ; Type 2 diabetes ; erythrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Specific insulin degrading enzyme activity of erythrocytes was determined in relation to erythrocyte insulin binding in 16 healthy subjects, 14 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and various groups of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (n = 39). Degrading activity was increased in Type 2 diabetic patients on sulphonylureas, as well as in a subgroup with good metabolic control (p〈0.001) and in patients with secondary failure to oral therapy (p〈0.02); degrading activity returned to normal in the latter patients after 1 week of insulin treatment. Highest degrading activity was found in insulintreated, yet insulin-insensitive patients (daily insulin dose 〉80 U). Degrading activity was significantly correlated in healthy subjects both with circulating insulin concentrations and maximal specific insulin binding. In contrast, in Type 2 diabetic subjects, degrading activity was inversely correlated with serum insulin with no apparent association with maximal specific insulin binding except in those patients given 1 week of insulin treatment. High erythrocyte insulin degrading enzyme activity might be a common feature in the insulin-insensitive Type 2 diabetic patient and might occur subsequent to some aspect of insulin deficiency at the tissue level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253495
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of experimental autoimmune insulitis by spleen cells in mice (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 19 (1980), S. 516-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulitis ; lymphocyte transfer ; cellular immunity ; streptozotocin ; experimental diabetes mellitus ; glucose intolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have tested whether experimental insulitis induced by multiple subdiabetogenic injections of streptozotocin can be transferred by lymphocytes to normal recipients. C57BL/6J mice were treated on 5 consecutive days with 40 mg streptozotocin /kg body weight. 5×107 nucleated spleen cells from 20 animals which had developed hyperglycaemia with concomitant insulitis three weeks after the first streptozotocin-injection, were transferred into congenic thymusless C57BL/6J-nu/nu mice. The cell transfer led to lymphocytic infiltrations of pancreatic islets in 75% of the recipients. Hyperglycaemia was not observed. It is concluded that lowdose streptozotocin treatment induces cellular immune reactions against pancreatic islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253178
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrophage infiltration precedes and is a prerequisite for lymphocytic insulitis in pancreatic islets of pre-diabetic BB rats (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 126-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: BB rats ; insulitis ; macrophages ; T-lymphocytes silica ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have analysed whether infiltration of macrophages and lymphocyte subtypes into pancreatic islets of diabetes prone BB rats occurs at random or whether insulitis requires a specific sequence of events. Serial sections from more than 700 islets of diabetes prone BB rats (70–150 days of age) were analysed for infiltrating immunocytes and expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens by 4–11 different monoclonal antibodies. In parallel, electron microscopy was performed in a fraction of islets. Part of the animals had been treated with macrophage toxic silica particles. A specific non-random sequence of events was identified and 4 stages of islet inflammation were recognised. Stages 1 a and 1 b are defined by macrophage (ED1+, W3/25+. Ox3/6/17+, ED2−) infiltration and concomitant enhanced major histocompatibility complex class I antigen expression initially at one pole or at the periphery of islets. T-, NK- and B-lymphocytes are absent (〈1 cell per mean islet section). In stage 2, more macrophages are infiltrating and concomitantly Ox19+-T-lymphocytes and Ox8+-granular (NK-) lymphocytes are observed. In stage 3, additional massive infiltration of Ox12+-B-lymphocytes is noted. Silica treatment of BB rats largely prevented macrophage infiltration. Concomitantly islets were free of lymphocytes. Thus, macrophage infiltration clearly precedes T- and NK-lymphocyte and later B-lymphocyte infiltration. Lymphocytes do not infiltrate islets in the absence of prior macrophage invasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505185
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Follow-up of cyclosporin A treatment in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: lack of long-term effects (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Cyclosporin A ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; immunotherapy ; C-peptide ; islet function ; remission of Type 1 diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the Canadian/European randomized controlled study on cyclosporin A (CsA) in recent onset Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes, treatment with the immunosuppressive drug had increased and maintained Beta-cell function and clinical remission during the first 12 months. Following discontinuation of the study drug and double-blinding after a mean of 13.8 months former CsA patients doubled the daily insulin dose within 6 months reaching the level of former placebo patients. The difference in Beta-cell function between the two groups was also lost. Metabolic control (HbA1c) was transiently worse in the former CsA group. Adverse effects of cyclosporin A on systolic blood pressure, haemoglobin levels, serum potassium and creatinine levels also remitted during that time. We conclude that treatment with cyclosporin A for a mean of 13.8 months had no long-lasting effect on the course of Type 1 diabetes persisting beyond drug discontinuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403182
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fourth International Workshop on the Standardisation of Insulin Autoantibody Measurement (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 638-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400213
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and nitric oxide (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 796-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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