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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 273 (1995), S. 307-316 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Composite material ; filler size and aspect ratio ; filler volume fraction ; filler-matrix adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The static elastic moduli of particulate-filled epoxy resins, consisting of two phases, one of which has isotropic-elastic and the other linear viscoelastic properties, were studied. The effects of parameters such as the filler volume fraction, the filler size and aspect ratio, and the filler distribution were evaluated. For this purpose, in the theoretical part a development of a simplified model based on mechanics of materials approach was used. In the experimental part a class of iron-filled epoxy composites with various filler content, filler size, and filler distribution was subjected to tests in order to obtain the elastic modulus. The experimental results were compared with the theoretical values derived from the developed model as well as with theoretical values obtained from other investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 29 (1989), S. 32-39 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Biaxial tensile experiments with thin rubber sheets, containing an internal crack, reveal the possibility to simulate and readily check the exact linear-elastic crack-flank displacements. The resulting deformed shape and the final position during loading of an internal inclined crack in an infinite, biaxially loaded elastic plate, was defined by measuring the crack-flank displacements, and the deformation features of the internal crack in rubber sheets. The results were compared with the linear-elastic displacements and the respective features, which have been obtained from an infinitesimal elasticity theory. The calculation of these displacement and deformation properties for a given crack presupposes the determination of two parameters, which characterize the loading conditions of the boundaries of the elastic cracked plate. These parameters have been determined as Lagrangian or Eulerian ones from the homogeneous strains at the boundaries of the elastic sheet, assuming either a Hookean, or a neo-Hookean or a Mooney material behavior for the elastic sheet. It has been shown that, except for the vicinities of the crack tips and for the regions of the imposed boundary strains in the experiments, the observed crack-flank displacements agree satisfactorily with the respective displacements obtained from the infinitesimal theory, if the material behavior is assumed as a neo-Hookean one, and the boundary-loading parameters are calculated as Eulerian ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 37 (1988), S. 303-319 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé En suivant une approximation à un terme, habituellement utilisé en mécanique de rupture élastique linéaire, ainsi qu'une approximation à deux termes, on détermine les propriétés d'une fissure de Griffith dans une plaque élastique infinie soumise à charges biaxiales à l'infini, découlant d'une déformation des flancs de la fissure. On compare les résultats de ces approximations aux propriétés qui sont respectivement fournies par une solution exacte. On montre les différences significatives entre les solutions exacte et approchées. Ainsi, la solution dite “singulière” qui prédit que les extrémités de la fissure sont inamovibles, et qu'il n'y a pas de déplacement des flancs de la fissure déformée, est dès lors inadéquate pour décrire exactement une fissure déformée selon un mode mixte, ce qui ne peut donc être fait en utilisant les deux composantes de facteur d'intensité de contraintes. La solution utilisant l'approximation sur deux termes, cas intermédiaire entre la solution singulière et la solution exacte, est en meileur accord avec cette dernière dans le voisinage des extrémités de la fissure. Selon la relation entre contraintes normales et contraintes de cisaillement sur la plaque, le mode de déplacement des flancs de la fissure génère un éventuel recouvrement, phénomène qui fait l'objet d'une étude systématique. Une déformation par Mode II crée toujours un tel recouvrement, ce qui altère les conditions aux limites initiales du problème posé, et requiert dès lors une attaque différente de celui-ci et une prise en compte réaliste des conditions aux limites initiales. Ceci est en contradiction avec ce à quoi conduit la solution singulière, qui, pour les fissures de Mode II, impose seulement un contact des lèvres de la fissure, sous aucun recouvrement, et qui dès lors permet que se produisent des glissements, ce qui est purement factice
    Notes: Abstract The properties of an inclined Griffith crack in an infinite elastic plate submitted to a biaxial loading at infinity, due to the deformation of the crack flanks according to the one-term approximation, usually applied in linear elastic fracture mechanics, and the two-term approximation, were compared with the respective properties developed according to the exact solution. It has been shown that there are significant differences between the exact and the approximate solutions. Thus the one-term approximation, the so-called “singular solution“, predicts immovable crack tips, no angular displacement of the deformed crack flanks and therefore is in general inadequate for the accurate description of the mixed-mode deformed crack, and which therefore cannot be made only in terms of the two components of the stress intensity factor. The two-term approximation, which constitutes an intermediate case between the exact and the singular solution, is in better agreement with the exact solution at the vicinity of the crack tips. The mode of displacement of the crack flanks creates their eventual overlapping, depending on the relationship between normal and shear loading of the plate. This overlapping phenomenon was systematically investigated. Mode-II deformation always develops overlapping of the crack flanks, thus violating the initial boundary values of the posed problem, and therefore necessitates a different mode of attack and a realistic consideration of the initial boundary conditions. This is contrary to what the singular solution yields, which imposes for mode-II cracks only a contact of the crack lips without any overlapping and allows therefore eventually sliding phenomena, which are fictitious
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 30 (1986), S. 135-153 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a procédé à une étude théorique en vue de déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques exactes d'une fissure inclinée et sollicitée en biaxialité dans une plaque élastique infinie. Ainsi qu'il résulte du champ de déplacements élastiques linéaires aux lèvres de la fissure, on a montré que la forme d'une fissure de Griffith déformée est toujours une ellipse. Ceci est en opposition avec les solutions singulières et en deux termes, qui attribuent aux lèvres déformées de la fissure une forme parabolique. On a étudié en détail l'effet combiné du mode de mise en charge, de sa biaxialité et de l'orientation de la fissure sur la longueur des demi-axes de l'ellipse, ainsi que sur l'orientation de l'axe principal par rapport à la fissure initiale. On a également montré que, en général, les positions après déformations des extrémités de la fissure initiale sur l'ellipse ne coïncident pas avec les points de courbure maximum de l'ellipse. On a examiné le cas où la fissure présente des lèvres qui se recouvrent, et où la solution élastique n'est plus valable, et on a établi les configurations des paramètres du problème pour lesquelles ce phénomène se produit. Ces caractéristiques importantes de la déformation d'une fissure sous sollicitation peuvent avoir une influence déterminante sur le mode de sollicitation et sur le comportement à l'écoulement plastique ou à la rupture des corps fisurés.
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical investigation has been performed to determine the exact geometrical features of an inclined, biaxially loaded, crack in an infinite elastic plate. It has been shown that the shape of the deformed Griffith crack, as this follows from the exact linear elastic displacement field at the lips of the crack, is always an ellipse in opposition to the singular and two-term solutions which give a parabolic shape for the deformed lips of the crack. The combined effect of the mode of loading, the load biaxiality and the crack orientation on the lengths of the semiaxes of the ellipse, and the orientation of its major axis with respect to the initial crack was studied in detail. It is also shown that in general the positions of the initial crack tips after deformation on the curve of the ellipse do not coincide with the points of the maximum curvature of the ellipse. The case, where the ellipse presents overlapping lips and where the elastic solution becomes invalid, has been examined and the configurations of the problem-parameters for which this phenomenon happens has been established. These important features of the deformed shape of the loaded crack may have a considerable influence on the mode of loading and the behaviour in yielding and fracture of the cracked bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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