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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal fluctuation noise in a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4422-4424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The current noise at the output of a microcalorimeter with a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer is studied in detail. In addition to the two well-known noise sources: thermal fluctuation noise from the heat link to the bath and Johnson noise from the resistive thermometer, a third noise source strongly correlated with the steepness of the thermometer is required to fit the measured noise spectra. Thermal fluctuation noise, originating in the thermometer itself, fully explains the additional noise. A simple model provides quantitative agreement between the observed and calculated noise spectra for all bias points in the superconducting transition. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1336550
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low noise high-Tc superconducting bolometers on silicon nitride membranes for far-infrared detection (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 4719-4726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-Tc GdBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductor bolometers with operation temperatures near 89 K, large receiving areas of 0.95 mm2 and very high detectivity have been made. The bolometers are supported by 0.62 μm thick silicon nitride membranes. A specially developed silicon-on-nitride layer was used to enable the epitaxial growth of the high-Tc superconductor. Using a gold black absorption layer an absorption efficiency for wavelengths between 70 and 200 μm of about 83% has been established. The noise of the best devices is fully dominated by the intrinsic phonon noise of the thermal conductance G, and not by the 1/f noise of the superconducting film. The temperature dependence of the noise and the resulting optimum bias temperature have been investigated. In the analysis the often neglected effect of electrothermal feedback has been taken into account. The minimum electrical noise equivalent power (NEP) of a bolometer with a time constant τ of 95 ms is 2.9 pW/Hz1/2 which corresponds with an electrical detectivity D* of 3.4×1010 cm Hz1/2/W. Similar bolometers with τ=27 ms and NEP=3.8 pW/Hz1/2 were also made. No degradation of the bolometers could be observed after vibration tests, thermal cycling and half a year storage. Measurements of the noise of a Pr doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ film with Tc=40 K show that with such films the performance of air bridge type high-Tc bolometers could be improved. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366327
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High quality superconducting tunnel junctions on Nb and Ta single crystals for radiation detection (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1252-1254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High quality Nb/Al-based tunnel junctions, fabricated with a superconducting interface onto thick single crystal x-ray absorbers of Nb and Ta are discussed. Current-voltage characteristics, recorded at 0.5 K, show a subgap current which is still dominated by thermally excited quasiparticles. The quality parameter Rsubgap/Rnormal reaches a value of several million, which is unequalled for nonepitaxially sputtered tunnel junctions. The fabrication process and some development steps, such as preparation of ultrasmooth crystal surfaces are described. Observations of x-ray photons absorbed in Nb and Ta single crystals detected by the superconducting tunnel junctions are also presented. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119865
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The X-ray imaging telescopes on Exosat (1981)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 30 (1981), S. 495-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The instrument configuration and performance characteristics of the X-ray imaging telescopes on EXOSAT are described. The instrument comprises two fully independent Wolter I imaging telescopes. Each telescope can be used in either of two principal modes: (i) an imaging mode with either a position sensitive proportional counter or a channel multiplier array plate in the focal plane, (ii) a spectrometer mode which features a 500 lines/mm and/or a 1000 lines/mm transmission grating as dispersive element. Preliminary results from the calibration of the fully integrated experiment indicate an ultimate angular resolution of 8.5 arc sec full width at half maximum or 17.5 arc sec half-power beam width. The ultimate wavelength resolution in the spectrometer mode ranges from 1Å for wavelengths below 50Å, to 5Å at wavelengths near 300Å. A method for estimating the telescope performance is given which reasonably accounts for the influence of the X-ray source spectrum and the degree of interstellar absorption on the counting statistics. A comparison between EXOSAT and the EINSTEIN telescope in terms of band width/resolution and minimum source detectability shows an enhanced potential for EXOSAT relative to EINSTEIN for sources with T ≦ 107K and low column densities (〈 4 × 1020cm−2) and a reduced potential for sources with hard, or heavily cut-off, spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01246070
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconductive junctions with trappinglayers for the detection of X-rays (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 573-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Addition of a trapping layer to an SIS junction improves its performance as an X-ray detector. In this article X-ray induced pulse height and decay time spectra will be presented as a function of bias voltage. These measurements are in good agreement with a description based on the time constants for trapping, excitation and tunneling calculated by means of a model for proximity layers developed by Golubov et al..1,2The interpretation of the data doesn't require an initial fast loss process for the created quasi-particles as discussed by Van Vechten.3
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693478
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of Nb/Ta-based Superconducting Tunnel Junctions for X-ray detectors (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 631-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this work Nb/Ta/TaOx/Ta/Nb Superconducting Tunnel Junctions [STJ's] are being investigated instead of conventional Nb/Al STJ's. We obtained Ta films in the superconducting bcc-phase with a TC〉4 K and have fabricated high quality STJ's with thermally limited subgap currents downto 1.15 K. Process descriptions are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693487
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasiparticle trapping, excitation, and tunneling times in Josephson junctions with spatially inhomogeneous electrodes (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 677-682 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 74.40 + k ; 74.50 + r
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of a microscopic model of the proximity effect in an SS'-sandwich we have calculated effective trapping, excitation, and tunneling rates of the reduced gap region in an SS′IS″S junction as a function of temperature, voltage over the junction and strength of the proximity effect. We developed a simple model to describe the effect of magnetic fields on the gap of the superconductor, and calculated the trapping rate as function of the field. The experimentally determined gap reduction and quasiparticle loss times as function of the field were described in terms of this model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693495
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