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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevation of intracranial pressure in acute AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 1020-1026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cryptococcal meningitis ; Acquired immune-deficiency syndrome ; Intracranial pres sure elevation ; Intracranial pressure elevation pathophysiology ; Cerebrospinal fluid drainage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Prior to the AIDS-era, elevation of intracranial pressure was known to be a typical complication of cryptococcal meningitis associated with an increased risk of early death. In AIDS-patients, however, the prevalence and clinical significance of this complication are as yet unclear. We analysed clinical features and courses, CSF findings, serological results and neuroimaging scans in acute cryptococcal meningitis in eight patients with AIDS. Five showed symptoms and signs compatible with raised intracranial pressure, which was life-threatening in one and the most probable cause of death in another. Serial monitoring of intracranial pressure together with repeated CSF analysis revealed that severe intracranial pressure elevation in AIDS related cryptococcal meningitis can occur in spite of effective antimycotic treatment, does not depend on an increased CSF/serum osmolality ratio or CSF overproduction and can be associated with normal cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Our data support the hypothesis that CSF reabsorption failure plays the crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanism. External lumbar drainage may be of benefit in selected cases of acute AIDS related cryptococcal meningitis with persisting life threatening elevation in intracranial pressure and normal computed tomogram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577748
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation, execution and suppression of copied movements in the human brain (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 120 (1998), S. 386-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Broca’s area ; Ventral prefrontal cortex ; Supramarginal gyrus ; Cingulate ; Cerebellum ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure movement set-related changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) when human subjects were asked to copy hand movements. Movement set-related activity in the brain is thought to reflect the processes of movement selection, preparation and inhibition. Four conditions were used. In the first condition, prepare and execute (PE), the hand stimulus to be copied was shown to subjects 3 s before an auditory “go”-cue instructed subjects to execute the movement; a large part of the scanning time was therefore spent in preparing to move. In the immediate execution condition (E), the hand stimulus and the go cue were presented simultaneously. The prepare-only condition (P) was similar to PE, except subjects only prepared to make the movement and did not actually execute any movement when they heard the auditory go-cue. The same stimuli were presented in a baseline condition (B), but the subjects were instructed to neither prepare nor execute movements. There were 5 principle findings: (1) In contrast to a previous study of human set-related activity in which movements were instructed by an arbitrary pattern of LEDs, preparing to make a copied movement causes rCBF changes in area 44 in posterior Broca’s area; (2) set-related activity can be recorded in the cerebellar hemispheres and midline; (3) we confirmed that the supramarginal gyrus has a general role in preparing movements – there was more rCBF in the P than the E condition; (4) the cerebellar nuclei and the basal ganglia may be particularly involved in the initiation and execution of a planned movement; these regions were more active in the PE condition than the P condition; (5) the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and a left anterior cingulate area are part of a distributed system involved in the suppression of a motor response; these areas were significantly more active in the P than the PE condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050412
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction demonstration of the EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcript in Ewing’s sarcomas and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (2000)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 437 (2000), S. 234-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keywords Small round cell tumors ; Ewing’s sarcoma ; Translocation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Differential diagnosis ; RT-PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  It is now widely accepted that the EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcript is associated with tumors of the Ewing family. To test whether it is possible to detect the fusion transcript by means of combining polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology and immunohistochemistry, we investigated tumors of the Ewing family using in situ reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. We were able to demonstrate the t(11;22) fusion transcript in five of six cases of Ewing’s sarcoma and four of four peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors. These results were confirmed using fluorescence in situ hybridization in seven tumor samples. In situ RT-PCR-labeled fusion transcripts were found in virtually all tumor cells within a given sample, indicating that each cell possessed the t(11;22) transcript. We conclude from these results that in situ RT-PCR can be used for the rapid detection of EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcripts in biopsy material. The findings also suggest that all cells of the tumors of the Ewing family carry the EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcript.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280000252
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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