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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 33 (1990), S. 938-946 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colorectal cancer ; survival ; staging ; site ; age ; sex ; cell differentiation ; mucus production ; perforation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five-year survival data were obtained in 97 percent or 1105 of 1140 new patients with histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma during a 12-month period in 1981 and 1982, as part of a large comprehensive population-based study of colorectal cancer incidence, etiology, and survival, The Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Fifteen percent of patients were Dukes' A stage, 32 percent were Dukes' B, 25 percent were Dukes' C, and 29 percent were Dukes' D. At five years after diagnosis, the observed survival rate was 36 percent and the adjusted rate was 42 percent. Dukes' staging was a highly discriminating factor in survival ( P 〈0.001). Survival rates were better in women than in men and better for patients with colon cancer than for patients with rectal cancer. Survival by Dukes' staging was not affected by colon subsite or by the tumor being the first and single tumor, metachronous tumor, or synchronous tumor. The survival of younger patients was better for Dukes' stages A, B, and C, and worse for Dukes' D. Survival was worse in the presence of bowel perforation in Dukes' C and D stages. Within Dukes' D (incurable cases), survival was best in the absence of hepatic metastases, slightly worse when only hepatic metastases were present, and poorest in the presence of both hepatic and extrahepatic metastases. Statistical modeling of survival determinants other than staging indicated that cell differentiation had the largest effect (survival decreasing with poor cell differentiation), followed by site (survival worse for rectal cancer than colon cancer), then age (survival better for younger patients), while bowel perforation had the smallest effect on survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les antécédents de cancers familiaux colorectaux, maladie cardiaque, et accidents vasculaires cérébraux ont été recueillis des proches parents (parents, fratrie, et enfants) chez 702 patients ayant présenté un cancer colorectal et chez 710 sujets témoins comparables en ce qui concerne l'âge et le sexe, dans une étude à grande échelle, épidémiologique, et anatomoclinique sur le cancer colorectal, menée à Melbourne, Australie (Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study). Il y avait plus d'antécédents familiaux de cancer colorectal chez ceux qui avaient un cancer que chez les témoins (risque relatif=2.13; intervalle de confiance à 95%=1.53–2.96;p〈0.001). Ceci était plus net pour les patients ayant un cancer colique que pour ceux qui avaient un cancer rectal. Le cancer était détecté plus tôt chez les patients ayant des antécédents familiaux de cancer que chez ceux qui n'en avaient pas. Les risques alimentaires du cancer colorectal déjà décrits n'étaient pas liés aux antécédents familiaux. Les antécédents familiaux de cancer colorectal sont un facteur important dans le dépistage de ces cancers. L'hérédité joue un rôle important dans l'édologie du cancer colorectal chez 20% des patients.
    Abstract: Resumen La predisposición hereditaria y la dieta representan las 2 principales hipótesis sobre etiología del cáncer colorrectal. La información contenida en este artículo proviene de un amplio estudio comprensivo, clinicopatológico, y epidemiológico sobre la incidencia, etiología, y sobrevida (el Estudio de Melbourne sobre Cáncer Colorrectal), y los datos de historia familiar provienen de casos controlados del estudio. Los datos de historia familiar de cáncer colorrectal, enfermedad cardiaca, y accidente cerebrovascular fueron obtenidos en familiares cercanos (padres, hermanos, e hijos) de 702 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal y de 710 personas control de similar edad y sexo, en la misma comunidad de Melbourne. Se encontró una estadísticamente significativa mayor tasa de historia familiar de cáncer colorrectal en los pacientes que en los controles (riesgo relativo=2.13; 95%, intervalo confidencial=1.53–2.96;p〈0.001). Tal efecto de historia familiar apareció más pronunciado en el cáncer del colon que en el cáncer del recto, y se observó una edad de detección más temprana del cáncer colorrectal en los pacientes con historia familiar de este tipo de cáncer, en comparación con aquellos sin la historia familiar. Los factores dietéticos en el cáncer colorrectal, los cuales fueron previamente descritos en el estudio de Melbourne, aparecieron aislados e independientes de los efectos de la historia familiar. Se présenta la conclusión de que la historia familiar de cáncer colorrectal es una importante indicación para el tamizaje individual, y también de que si bien es cierto que la herencia posee una influencia definitiva en la etiología del cáncer colorrectal, este efecto hereditario aparentemente es menor o sólo llegar a ser de importancia en apenas una parte (tal vez 20%) de los casos.
    Notes: Abstract Family history data of colorectal cancer, heart disease, and stroke were obtained on near relatives (parents, siblings, and children) in 702 colorectal cancer cases and 710 age-/sex-matched community controls as part of a large, comprehensive, population-based epidemiological and clinicopathological study of colorectal cancer conducted in Melbourne (the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study). There was a statistically significant higher family history rate of colorectal cancer in cases than in controls (relative risk=2.13; 95% confidence interval=1.53–2.96; p 〈 0.001). This family history effect was more pronounced for colon cancer than for rectal cancer and there was an earlier age of detection of colorectal cancer in those with a family history of this cancer when compared with those without such a history. Dietary risk factors for colorectal cancer, which were previously described in the Melbourne study, were separate and independent from the family history effects. It is concluded that a family history of colorectal cancer is an important indication to screen individuals for this cancer, and also that while heredity has a definite role in the etiology of colorectal cancer, this hereditary effect is either likely to be small, or else likely to be important in only a proportion (perhaps 20%) of cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 8 (1984), S. 968-969 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Case-control studies ; colorectal neoplasms ; dietary fat ; energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the intakeof dietary fat upon colorectal cancer risk in a combined analysis of datafrom 13 case-control studies previously conducted in populations withdiffering colorectal cancer rates and dietary practices. Original datarecords for 5,287 cases of colorectal cancer and 10,470 controls werecombined. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR)for intakes of total energy, total fat and its components, and cholesterol.Positive associations with energy intake were observed for 11 of the 13studies. However, there was little, if any, evidence of anyenergy-independent effect of either total fat with ORs of 1.00, 0.95, 1.01,1.02, and 0.92 for quintiles of residuals of total fat intake (P trend =0.67) or for saturated fat with ORs of 1.00, 1.08, 1.06, 1.21, and 1.06 (Ptrend = 0.39). The analysis suggests that, among these case-control studies,there is no energy-independent association between dietary fat intake andrisk of colorectal cancer. It also suggests that simple substitution of fatby other sources of calories is unlikely to reduce meaningfully the risk ofcolorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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