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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of an extradural expanding lesion on regional intracranial pressure, blood flow, somatosensory conduction and brain herniation: an experimental study in baboons (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 104 (1990), S. 30-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Intracranial pressure ; cerebral blood flow ; somatosensory evoked potentials ; tentorial herniation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intracranial pressure (ICP) differences, change of local blood flow (CBF) using the hydrogen clearance technique, change in the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) to median nerve stimulation and pupillary size were investigated during progressive elevation of the ICP (using an extradural balloon) in 6 anaesthetized baboons. CBF was measured in the frontal cortex, somatosensory cortex, thalamus (nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis—VPL), medial lemniscus (ML), lateral lemniscus (LL) and caudate nucleus (CN). Conduction along the somatosensory pathway between C 2 at the neck and VPL was compared with conduction between VPL and primary somatosensory cortex. The amplitude of the cortical SEP was also studied. ICP gradients between hemispheres developed as the pressure was increased to in excess of 50 mm Hg. CBF was significantly reduced from control in the cortex and VPL on the side ipsilateral to the balloon at 50 mm Hg ICP. A significant decrease in ML flow occurred bilaterally at 70 mm Hg ICP. Conduction time was increased significantly between the right VPL and cortex at a pressure of 50 mm Hg. The amplitude of the cortical response was significantly reduced at 30 mm Hg on the right side and 50 mm Hg on the left. Aniscoria occurred at 50 mm Hg ICP and the pupils became dilated at 70 mm Hg. The SEP was possibly more sensitive than the pupillary reactions as an indication of tentorial herniation in these experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01842890
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of an expanding supratentorial mass on the auditory brain-stem responses in baboons (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 79 (1986), S. 132-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Intracranial pressure ; supratentorial mass lesions ; transtentorial herniation ; pupillary change ; auditory brain-stem responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was carried out to investigate the effects of an expanding supratentorial mass on auditory brain-stem responses (ABRs). A balloon was inserted into the supratentorial epidural space of seven baboons (in two cases, in the right occipital area; in five cases, in the right temporal area). The balloons were inflated at a rate of 0.2 ml/minute to increase intracranial pressure (ICP). ICP (right frontal epidural pressure) and blood pressure (BP) were continuously recorded. Recordings of ABRs (vertex to mastoid on both sides) were made serially. Pupillary changes were also recorded. At 30mmHg ICP, the amplitude of wave V on the right side was observed to be significantly attenuated (p〈0.02). At 50 mm Hg ICP, the latency of wave V on the right side was significantly prolonged compared with that at 30mmHg ICP (p 〈 0.02). At 70mmHg ICP, significantly decreased amplitude of wave V on the left side was also observed (p〈0.02, from the control), associated with significant increased latency of wave IV on the right side (p〈0.01, from the control; p 〈0.05, from 50 mm Hg ICP). Finally, waves IV and V on both sides substantially disappeared at 100 mm Hg ICP. Anisocoria appeared in four animals at 30–50 mm Hg (mean ±SD; 45±8.7) ICP. The amplitude of wave V was significantly decreased in these circumstances (p〈0.05). Bilaterally fixed pupils occurred in five animals at 70–100 mm Hg (mean±SD; 76 ±12) ICP. wave IV latencies on both sides were significantly prolonged (p〈0.02 right; p〈0.05, left) and disappearance of wave V (four out of five on the right side, three out of five on the left side) was observed in these circumstances. These findings suggest that serial measurement of ABRs can be useful for evaluation of the progress of transtentorial herniation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407457
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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