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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1517-1524 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Rat brain fragments ; stationary ; nonadherent organ culture ; cell differentiation and migration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A simple organ culture system for brain tissue is described. Fragments of fetal rat brain hemisphere tissue are explanted to multiwell dishes base-coated with semisolid agar. In this system nonadherent organ culture can be performed for at least 50 days. Cell migration, biochemical and morphological differentiation and the formation of a layered architecture seem to mimic some of the phenomena occurring in the developing rat brain in vivo. The fragments may therefore be a useful organ culture model for nervous tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 224 (1977), S. 513-518 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain neoplasm ; Culture ; Invasion ; Growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cultures of fetal rat brain cell aggregates and tumor spheroids from the human glioma cell line GaMG were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF AA or BB). Radioreceptor binding studies displayed a high binding capacity for EGF and FGF, but not binding of PDGF isoforms in the glioma cells. In serum-free culture, 10 ng/ml of both EGF and FGF caused increased growth and cell shedding in the tumor spheroids, whereas PDGF produced no such effect. Similarly, EGF and FGF stimulated tumor cell migration. EGF increased the proliferation and outgrowth of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells in brain cell aggregates, while PDGF AA and BB both stimulated the outgrowth of oligodendrocyte-like cells which were negative for GFAP and neuron-specific enolase. FGF stimulated GFAP+ as well as GFAP− cell types. In co-culture experiments using brain aggregates and tumor spheroids, both EGF and FGF treatment caused increased tumor cell invasion. PDGF had no effect on the tumor cells, but instead stimulated the proliferation of oligodendrocyte-like cells in the brain aggregates. The present results indicate that growth factors may facilitate glioma growth as well as invasiveness, and cause reactive changes in the surrounding normal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Human glioblastomas ; Invasion ; Organ culture ; Tumorigenicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five established cell lines derived from human anaplastic astrocytomas or glioblastoma multiforme were tested for invasiveness into precultured chick heart fragments in vitro. Four of the cell lines (U118 MG, D54 MG, U373 MG and A172) were strongly invasive into the heart tissue. A fifth cell line, U251 MG sp, which was only tumorigenic at doses of greater than 1×108 cells in athymic mice, was non-invasive in vitro. One line, A172, was invasive but not tumorigenic in athymic mice, although a related invasive subline, D54 MG, at later passage levels was tumorigenic even at low cell doses. Invasion of the glioma cells was characterized by progressive and irreversible replacement of the precultured chick heart tissue. Both by light and transmission electron microscopy, a similar pattern of invasion was observed as earlier found with experimental rat glioma cells in the same system. Some human cell lines established from human gliomas retain invasive properties after a prolonged culture period in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Biopsy ; Brain ; Glioma ; Neoplasm invasiveness ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The invasiveness of human intracranial tumours was studied in an organ culture system. Biopsies from six glioblastomas, four astrocytomas, two mixed gliomas, one ependymoma, four meningiomas and two carcinoma metastases were cut into fragments of 0.5 mm diameter, and placed in agar overlay tissue culture. The tumour specimens formed spheroids which were co-cultured with cell aggregates or fragments from fetal rat brain for up to 10 days in vitro. The invasiveness of the glioblastoma spheroids was characterised by a gradual destruction of normal brain tissue by tumour cells, followed by replacement of normal tissue by these cells. Cocultures from two glioblastomas showed lesions in the normal brain tissue in areas removed from the tumour cells. Tumour spheroids from four glioblastomas totally destroyed the normal brain tissue without any change in the original tumour spheroid configuration. The lowgrade gliomas were less invasive than the glioblastomas. The meningiomas and the metastases were non-invasive. This organ culture assay appeared to reflect the in situ invasive behaviour of the brain tumours examined. It is suggested that it may be used for evaluating the aggressiveness of individual brain tumours with the specific aim of correlating clinical data with the biological character of the tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 249 (1974), S. 131-140 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Hamstermelanomzellen wurden in intraperitonealen Diffusionskammern in iso- und heterologen Wirtstieren kultiviert. Die schnellste Proliferation und die höchste Zelldichte wurde bei Hamstern und Mäusen festgestellt, während die Werte bei zwei verschiedenen Rattenstämmen niedriger lagen. Noch nach 4 Wochen fanden sich bei Hamstern proliferierende Zellen. Die Diffusionskammertechnik scheint eine brauchbare Methode zur Kultivierung von Melanomzellen zu sein. Sie bietet den Vorteil eines geschlossenen Zellkultursystems mit rascher Zellproliferationin vivo.
    Notes: Summary Malignant hamster melanoma cells were cultured in intraperitonea diffusion chambers in iso- and heterologous host animals. The most rapid proliferation and the highest cell yields were found in hamster and mouse hosts, as compared with somewhat lower values in two different strains of rats. Cell proliferation was observed even after 4 weeks of culture in hamsters. The diffusion chamber technique appears to be a valuable method for the culture of melanoma cells, offering the advantage of a closed cell culture system with rapid proliferationin vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 246 (1973), S. 92-102 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der O2-Verbrauch (QO2) der Epidermis haarloser Mäuse reagiert in vitro ohne Glucose im Inkubationsmedium empfindlicher auf pH-Schwankungen. Nach einwöchiger Vorbehandlung der Epidermis mit Methylcholanthren (MCA) bestehen zwischen behandelter und unbehandelter Epidermis keine Unterschiede in der pH-Empfindlichkeit des QO2. Eine vorübergehende Verbreiterung des pH-Optimums zur sauren Seite nach Benzol oder Cantharidin in Benzol hat eine intracelluläre Anhäufung von Milchsäure als wahrscheinliche Ursache. Die Tetrazoliummethode zeigt ein spezifisches Reaktionsverhalten nach MCA-Vorbehandlung. Dagegen reagiert der O2-Verbrauch uncharakteristisch als Ausdruck einer veränderten epidermalen Zellkinetik. Nach MCA-Pinselung kommt es bis zum 7. Tag zu einer Erniedrigung des O2-Verbrauches, während die Tetrazoliummethode normale bis erhöhte Werte aufweist. Die Resultate lassen sich mit einer erhöhten Permeabilität der Mitochondrienmembran für Tetrazolium erklären.
    Notes: Summary In normal hairless mouse epidermis the cellular respiration (QO2) on endogenous substrate in vitro is more sensitive to pH variations than the respiration with glucose in the medium. During the first week after painting with the strong carcinogen 20-methylcholanthrene (MCA) the QO2 of hairless mouse epidermis is not more susceptible to pH variations than that of untreated epidermis. A transient broader pH optimum of the respiration to the acidic side after application of the solvent benzene or the irritant cantharidin in benzene is probably due to intracellular accumulation of lactic acid. While the tetrazolium method shows a specific reaction pattern after MCA painting, the oxygen consumption mostly shows an unspecific pattern, reflecting altered cell population kinetics in the epidermis. After MCA treatment there is a discrepancy between oxygen consumption and formazan deposition until the 7th day. The oxygen consumption is decreased while the tetrazolium method gives increased or normal values. A possible explanation is that the mitochondrial membrane has an increased permeability for tetrazolium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 126 (1994), S. 11-16 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; rhabdomyosarcoma ; organ co-culture assay system ; brain tissue invasion ; in vitro investigation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The invasiveness of three medulloblastoma permanent cell lines (D-283, D-341, and DAOY), a human medulloblastoma biopsy, and in addition, a human rhabdomyosarcoma permanent cell line (TE-671), which previously had been regarded as a human medulloblastoma, was studied in an organ co-culture assay. All the four cell lines and the biopsy were co-cultured with normal rat brain cell aggregates for up to six days in vitro. The medulloblastoma biopsy, the D-283 and the D-341 cells invaded the brain tissue by diffuse single cell infiltration. The medulloblastoma cell line (DAOY) showed an invasive pattern similar to that observed earlier for most glioblastoma cell lines. This was characterized by massive cell replacement and destruction of normal brain tissue. The rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (TE-671) presented a solid invasive pattern with a fairly well defined border between normal brain and tumour tissue. Thus, the organ co-culture assay system in vitro seems to mimic several aspects of the in situ invasive behaviour of medulloblastomas. It may, therefore, provide new perspectives for pretreatment investigations with chemotherapy and radiotherapy of these malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gehirnzellen der fetalen (18. Tag der Gravidität) BD-IX-Ratte, nach einem transplacentaren N-Äthyl-N-Nitrosoharnstoff (ÄNH)-Puls in vivo in ein Langzeit-Zellkultursystem überführt, durchlaufen den Prozeß der neoplastischen Transformation in vitro (BT-Zellinien). Die nach s.c. Rückimplantation von BT-Zellen in neugeborene BD IX-Ratten entstandenen Tumoren (histologisch vom Neurinom-, Gliomoder Glioblastomtyp, häufig auch pleomorph) waren insgesamt den verschiedenen Arten neuroectodermaler Neoplasmen vergleichbar, die bei BD IX-Ratten nach ÄNH-Applikation in vivo beobachtet werden. Ebenso wie Zellkultur-Linien (V-Zellinien), die von ÄNH-induzierten Tumoren des Nervensystems der BD IX-Ratte abgeleitet wurden, enthielten die BT-Linien multipolare, gliaähnliche Zellen, neben wenigen Riesenzellen aber auch flache Zellen mit vergleichsweise wenigen, kürzeren cytoplasmatischen Fortsätzen. Die V- und BT-Linien waren verschiedengradig aneuploid und aus multiplen Subpopulationen von Zellen zusammengesetzt, widergespiegelt u.a. durch plurimodale impulscytophotometrische DNS-Verteilungen. Alle Linien enthielten das vorwiegend gliaspezifische „Marker”-Protein S-100, welches im fetalen Gehirn noch nicht exprimiert ist. Eine nennenswerte Neurotransmitter-Aktivität wurde nicht gefunden. Nach Applikation von ÄNH während der perinatalen Phase der Gehirnentwicklung werden offenbar vorwiegend proliferative Zellen glialer (Vorläufer-) Populationen neoplastisch transformiert.
    Notes: Summary We have recently reported that fetal BD IX-rat brain cells (FBC), transferred to long-term culture after a transplacental pulse of EtNU on the 18th day of gestation, undergo neoplastic transformation in vitro (“BT-cell lines”). Tumors developed upon s.c. reimplantation of BT-cells into baby BD IX-rats, appeared histologically as neurinoma-, glioma- or glioblastoma-like, and frequently as pleiomorphic neoplasms. In spite of a more atypic cellular morphology, these tumors grossly resembled the different types of neuroectodermal rat neoplasms induced by EtNU in vivo. Like the neoplastic cell culture lines derived from EtNU-induced, neuroectodermal BD IX-rat tumors (“V-cell lines”), the BT-lines contained multipolar glia-like cells, but also flat cells with fewer and shorter cytoplasmic processes, and occasionally giant cells. Both the V- and BT-lines showed different levels of aneuploidy. They contained multiple subpopulations of cells, as reflected, e.g., by plurimodal pulse-cytophotometric DNA distributions. All lines contained, to varying degrees, the nervous system specific protein S-100, a “marker” not yet expressed in FBC. There was no indication of more than borderline neurotransmitter activity, suggesting that proliferating (precursor) cells of glial lineages may preferentially undergo malignant transformation after exposure to EtNU during this stage of brain development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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