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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequence of a novelHLA-DR4B1 allele,DRBI *0409 (1991)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 33 (1991), S. 210-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719244
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A newXmnI polymorphism in the regulatory region of the corticotropin releasing hormone gene (1996)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 97 (1996), S. 697-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the first polymorphism in the 5′ flanking region of the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) gene. DNA sequencing analysis identified a T → G base substitution in the 5′ flanking region of the gene. This substitution leads to the loss of anXmnI site at position 255 of the Genbank entry X67661. The frequency analysis in 32 Caucasians revealed that it is a rare polymorphism, with only three observed heterozygous individiuals for this polymorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02281888
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-standard D region usage by human TCRB sequences (1995)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 43 (1995), S. 110-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186617
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure, diversity, and evolution of the T-cell receptor VB gene repertoire in primates (1994)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 40 (1994), S. 184-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract AB T-cell receptors (TCR) that recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/peptide antigen complexes regulate humoral and cellular arms of the adaptive immune response. Antigen binding sites of MHC and immunoglobulin heavy chain variable regions(Igh-V) are subject to diversity enhancing selection. We sought to establish whether positive Darwinian selection has driven diversity of TCRBV chains in the primate lineage by sequencing rearranged TCR from rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees and comparing them with those of humans. Rates of synonymous (silent) and nonsynonymous (replacement) substitutions indicate selection against amino acid replacements in TCRBV frameworks, and relaxation of these constraints in putative MHC/peptide contact sites. The lack of positive selection for variability in likely ligand contact sites suggests that mechanisms generating somatic diversity in TCR junctional regions have relaxed the pressure for selection of variability in the TCR V region encoded in the germline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167078
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The T-cell receptor β chain-encoding gene repertoire of a New World primate species, the cotton-top tamarin (1996)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 45 (1996), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The New World primate, the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), expresses major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules with limited diversity. The uniqueness of the cotton-top tamarin MHC class I loci may contribute to this species’ unusual susceptibility to viral infections and high incidence of ulcerative colitis. As a prelude to examining the effect of this limited MHC class I diversity on the tamarin CD8+ T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, we identified expressed tamarin TCR β chain (TCRB) cDNAs by anchored and inverse polymerase chain reaction. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic comparisons with human and rhesus macaque sequences identified homologues of 21 human variable (V) gene families. Only single variable region genes were identified in each of these tamarin VB families, with the exception of the VB 5, 9, and 13 families which were comprised of two or three distinct members. The multiple genes within these three VB families do not appear to have separate human homologues, but rather aligned equally well to a single human gene from their respective VB families. These genes appear to have arisen, therefore, by duplication of certain VB genes in the tamarin ancestors following their divergence from the lineage leading to Old World primates and hominoids. Homologues of 12 of the 13 human joining (J) region genes were also identified in the tamarin. Comparison of the proportion of nonsynonymous (pN) and synonymous (pS) substitutions occurring per site within tamarin variable region genes demonstrated a reduction in pN in the framework regions compared with pN in the presumed MHC contact regions (CDR1 and CDR2). Taken together, these findings illustrate that the TCR β chain-encoding genes of the cotton-top tamarin are similar in structure and degree of complexity compared with their Old World primate and human counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TNFB polymorphisms characterize three lineages of TNF region microsatellite haplotypes (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 47 (1997), S. 6-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words TNF ; Microsatellites ; Haplotype ; Evolution ; Response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains a variety of genes, many of which are highly polymorphic and of immunological importance. A database of MHC extended haplotypes was used to integrate experimental, cell line, and population data. Three alleles of the human TNF-beta (lymphotoxin-alpha) gene were identified, named TNFB *1SL, TNFB *2LL, and TNFB *1LS, each representing a different lineage in the evolution of TNF region haplotypes. Lower variability in the length of the associated microsatellite alleles indicates that *1SL characterizes the youngest of the three haplotype lineages. Microsatellite haplotypes in the two older lineages show evidence for a coevolution of alleles through concerted expansions. Genetic predispositions to high and low TNF-alpha (cachectin) responses seem to have evolved independently in more than one lineage. The literature data suggest different, or even opposite, associations concerning the regulation of TNF-alpha in macrophages and lymphoid cells. Microsatellite ud may be the most informative marker for studies of the associations of individual TNF region markers with secretion levels, immunity, and disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050320
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphism in coeliac disease (1993)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 38 (1993), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Coeliac disease is strongly associated with HLA-DQ2, but it is possible that additional major histocompatibility complex genes also confer disease susceptibility. Encoded close to HLA-DQ are two genes, TAP1 and TAP2, whose products are believed to transport antigenic peptides from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum. Comparison of 81 coeliac disease patients with caucasoid controls revealed an increased frequency of the alleles TAP1A and TAP2A in the patient population. However, no significant difference was found when patients were compared with HLA-DR and -DQ matched controls, indicating linkage disequilibrium between TAP1A, TAP2A, and HLA-DQ2. The TAP gene products do not have a major influence on susceptibility or resistance to coeliac disease in a Northern European Caucasoid population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210476
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation and reactivation of T-cell receptor A joining region pseudogenes in primates (1995)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 43 (1995), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tandemly duplicated T-cell receptor (Tcr) AJ (Jα) segments contribute significantly to TCRA chain junctional region diversity in mammals. Since only limited data exists on TCRA diversity in nonhuman primates, we examined the TCRAJ regions of 37 chimpanzee and 71 rhesus macaque TCRA cDNA clones derived from inverse polymerase chain reaction on peripheral blood mononuclear cell cDNA of healthy animals. Twenty-five different TCRAJ regions were characterized in the chimpanzee and 36 in the rhesus macaque. Each bears a close structural relationship to an equivalent human TCRAJ region. Conserved amino acid motifs are shared between all three species. There are indications that differences between nonhuman primates and humans exist in the generation of TCRAJ pseudogenes. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the various characterized TCRAJ of each species are reported and we compare our results to the available information on human genomic sequences. Although we provide evidence of dynamic processes modifying TCRAJ segments during primate evolution, their repertoire and primary structure appears to be relatively conserved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of Major Histocompatibility Complex Polymorphisms and T-Cell Receptor Diversity in Primates (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Immunological reviews 143 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.1995.tb00669.x
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