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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haemodynamic and renal effects of felodipine in young and elderly subjects (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 595-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Felodipine ; Renal haemodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study the influence of age on renal and haemodynamic effects of the calcium antagonist felodipine. Methods: Eight young (mean age 27 years) and eight elderly (mean age 75 years) healthy normotensive subjects were given felodipine intravenously for 120 min aiming at close to therapeutic plasma level concentration. Renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) was estimated from para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) clearance 51CrEDTA clearance was used to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and used in the calculations of fractional excretion (FE) of electrolytes. Impedance cardiography was performed to assess stroke volume and for the calculation of cardiac output and ejection fraction. Results: At the end of felodipine infusion, the concentration of felodipine was on average 10.0 nmol · l−1 in young and 12.0 nmol · l−1 in elderly subjects (NS). During felodipine infusion blood pressure (BP) decreased from 138/76 to 120/68 in elderly subjects. The BP in young subjects was 126/74 at basal and 125/70 after infusion of felodipine. The systemic and renal vascular resistance decreased to a similar extent in young and elderly subjects after felodipine infusion. Felodipine caused a decrease in systemic vascular resistance from 25.6 to 23.3 in elderly and from 23.8 to 21.8 in the young subjects. Mean values for RVR at baseline and during infusion of felodipine were significantly higher in the elderly (10.1–15.1) than in the young subjects (5.4–6.7). Felodipine reduced RVR by 10% in the young and by 12% in the elderly at the end of infusion. The young subjects had 31% higher GFR than the elderly subjects at the start of infusion. Felodipine infusion did not affect GFR. There were no effects on stroke volume and ejection fraction. An initial natriuretic effect was found after infusion of felodipine in the young subjects. The fractional excretion of all electrolytes tended to increase after both felodipine and placebo, more in the elderly than in the young subjects. Conclusion: The effects of felodipine on central and renal haemodynamics previously observed in young and middle-aged subjects also seem to exist in the elderly. Volume expansion seems to increase the excretion of electrolytes more in elderly than in young people, and therefore the effect of felodipine on natriuresis is more evident in young subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050520
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penbutolol (Hoe 893 d) in primary hypertension (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 95-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: penbutolol ; hypertension ; primary hypertension ; blood pressure response ; plasma concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Penbutolol (Hoe 893 d), a long-acting non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, was given once daily to 23 patients with primary hypertension, WHO Stages I–II. The dose (50–100 mg) needed to achieve the therapeutic goal, i.e. supine diastolic BP〈95 mm Hg, was titrated individually. On a daily dose of penbutolol 83±19 mg (mean±SD) blood pressure (BP, mean±SD) fell from 180±21/112±8 mmHg on placebo to 154±25/94±14 mmHg. 18 patients who reached the therapeutic goal (responders) continued in a double blind, cross-over study versus placebo, during which the supine BP fell on average 20/10 mmHg on the same dose of penbutolol, and 2/1 mmHg on placebo. Plasma concentrations (mean±SD) of free 0.10±0.07 µg/ml) and total (2.02±1.39 µg/ml) penbutolol did not differ between responders and nonresponders, and were not correlated with the fall in BP. Side effects were mild and mostly well tolerated. One patient developed dermatitis and another an elevation of liver enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542451
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of metoprolol and its metabolite α-OH-metoprolol in healthy, non-smoking, elderly individuals (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; age ; disposition ; elderly subjects ; kinetics ; metabolism ; alpha-OH-metoprolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absorption and disposition of metoprolol have been evaluated in 10 healthy, non-smoking, elderly individuals (mean age 73.1 years) by simultaneous determination of [3H]-metoprolol and unlabelled metoprolol. The labelled drug was given as an intravenous tracer dose, immediately followed by oral metoprolol 25 mg. The experiment was preceded by administration of metoprolol 25 mg b.i.d. for 3 days. The volume of distribution, elimination half-life and total body clearance were almost the same as previously observed in healthy, young subjects. The mean systemic availability was about 39% in the elderly, which is lower than the mean of 55% observed in a control group of young volunteers who received 50 mg b.i.d. In the elderly, the mean plasma concentration of α-OH-metoprolol was about twice as high as that of the parent drug, whereas the opposite was true of the control group. The results indicate that age-related physiological changes have a negligible effect on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613821
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in healthy, elderly, non-smoking individuals after a single dose and two weeks of treatment (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; pharmacokinetics ; age effect ; repeated doses ; pre-systemic elimination ; total body clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of long-term treatment on the absorption and dispsoition of metoprolol has been evaluated in 8 healthy, non-smoking, elderly individuals (mean age 74.5 years) and in a control group of 8 healthy, young individuals. Two trace doses of [3H]metoprolol were given i.v., first concomitantly with a single oral 50 mg dose of cold metoprolol, and second, with the morning dose after 2 weeks of treatment with 50 mg b.d. In the elderly, the mean AUC increased by about 45% (p〈0.05) over the treatment period, while in the control group the mean AUC was 18% greater (p〈0.05) on Day 14 than on Day 1. In the elderly, changes both in pre-systemic elimination and in total body clearance accounted for the elevation of the AUC, whereas reduced first-pass effect appeared to be the major cause of the increased steady-state plasma level in the control group. With the exception of the volume term, V β , the pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly different between the elderly and the young individuals. For this reason, almost identical steady-state plasma levels were attained in the two groups. The results suggest that age-related physiological changes may have some minor effects on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol, and also that the changes do not lead to significantly altered plasma concentrations compared to those in young individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544048
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood components in a 70-year-old population
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 112 (1981), S. 301-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(81)90453-8
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salivary flow, saliva, pH and buffering capacity in 70-year-old men and women (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A representative systematic selection of 30% of all 70-year-olds (1148 persons) in Göteborg were invited to a population study. The participation rate was 85%. Sixteen per cent of the men and 25% of the women reported dryness in the mouth (sex. diff. P〈0.01). There was a significant correlation between the number of drugs consumed by the subjects and subjective dryness (in both sexes P〈0.001). Intake of drugs from the groups of anticholionergics, antihistamines, sedatives, hypnotics or phenothiazines respectively seemed to have the highest predicative value for dryness in the mouth (men P〈0.05 and women P〈0.01). There was also a positive correlation between subjective dryness and number of definable diseases in both sexes (P〈0.01). In a consecutive sample (fifty-eight men and fifty-three women) a study of salivary flow, direct pH and buffer effect were performed. The mean value of unstimulated salivary secretion was in men 0.25 and in women 0.18ml/min. Corresponding figures for stimulated secretion was 1.65 and 1.04ml/min (sex. diff. P〈0.01).A significantly lower unstimulated secretion was noted in women with subjective dryness (P〈0.01).A negative significant correlation were found between dental invalidity, according to Eichner's classification, and stimulated secretion when drug treatment had been considered (men P〈0.05 and women P〈0.01). Only weak relations were noted between salivary secretions and drug treatment. Only intake of drugs with diuretic effect were negatively correlated to stimulated secretion (P〈0.01). Diseases of the circulatory system were correlated to subjective dryness (P〈0.01).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1984.tb00565.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Falls in 84- to 85-year-old people living at home
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Accident Analysis and Prevention 24 (1992), S. 527-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-4575
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0001-4575(92)90061-M
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The clinical relevance of the interaction between carbamazepine and dextropropoxyphene in elderly patients in Gothenburg, Sweden (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1997), S. 203-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Carbamazepine ; Dextropropoxyphene ; Elderly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the clinical importance of the interaction between carbamazepine (CBZ) and dextropropoxyphene in elderly patients. Methods: All patients (n=7263) in Gothenburg, Sweden, who were part of a drug-dispensing programme, were included in the study. Eight per cent of the patients took CBZ and 18% took dextropropoxyphene, continuously. Patients who used a combination of these drugs were compared with patients who took only CBZ or dextropropoxyphene or neither of the two drugs. These four groups of patients were matched to each other with reference to gender, age and concomitant medication, which finally resulted in 21 patients in each group. A questionnaire with 30 symptoms of well-being, including symptoms typical of adverse effects of CBZ, were answered by the patients with the help of a registered nurse. Venous blood samples were drawn from the patients for the analysis of CBZ, its metabolite CBZ 10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E) and dextropropoxyphene. Results: The doses of CBZ and dextropropoxyphene were lower among patients who used the combination of the two drugs than among those who only used one of the drugs. The mean level of CBZ in serum (S-CBZ) was, however, significantly higher and the level of CBZ-E in serum (S-CBZ-E) significantly lower among the patients who used the combination of CBZ and dextropropoxyphene, thus indicating an inhibition of the metabolism of CBZ. The prevalence of symptoms indicating side effects of CBZ was significantly higher in the group of patients who used both drugs. Conclusion: This study has shown that the combination of CBZ and dextropropoxyphene is hazardous in elderly patients and should be used with caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050363
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