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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tricholoma matsutake– an assessment of in situ and in vitro infection by observing cleared and stained whole roots (1999)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 9 (1999), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Ectomycorrhiza ; Hartig net ; Matsutake ; Pinus densiflora ; Tricholoma matsutake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Structures present within field-collected Tricholoma matsutake/Pinus densiflora ectomycorrhizas and in vitro infections of P. densiflora roots by T. matsutake were observed by clearing, bleaching and staining whole lateral roots and mycorrhizas. Field mycorrhizas were characterized by a lack of root hairs, by the presence of a sparse discontinuous mantle composed of irregularly darkly staining hyphae over the root surface, primarily behind the root cap, and by the presence of Hartig net mycelium within the root cortex. Hartig net 'palmettis' were classified into three basic structures, each with distinctive morphologies. Aerial hyphae, bearing terminal swellings, were observed emanating from the mantle. Cleared, bleached and stained in vitro-infected roots possessed multibranched hyphal structures within the host root cortex and aerial hyphae bearing terminal swellings were observed arising from the mycelium colonizing the root surface. T. matsutake on P. densiflora conforms to the accepted morphology of an ectomycorrhiza. This staining protocol is particularly suited to the study of Matsutake mycorrhizal roots and gives rapid, clear, high-contrast images using standard light microscopy while conserving spatial relationships between hyphal elements and host tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050271
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of 11 eucalyptus species to inoculation with three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1996)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 6 (1996), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Eucalyptus ; Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Phosphorus ; Endomycorrhizal dependency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Numerous publications have reported growth stimulation of Eucalyptus following ectomycorrhizal inoculation in nursery or field conditions. Although Eucalyptus species can also form arbuscular mycorrhiza, their dependency on this type of mycorrhiza is still debatable. This paper presents information on the effect of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on eucalypt growth. Twenty weeks after mycorrhizal inoculation, Eucalyptus seedlings' stem dry weight could be increased up to 49% compared to non-inoculated control plants. Intensity of root colonization by a given fungus depended on the host species, but it was not related to a plant growth response. Leaf phosphorus concentration of non-inoculated Eucalyptus seedlings varied greatly between species. Increases in leaf phosphorus concentration following mycorrhizal infection were not necessarily associated with plant growth stimulation. The most mycorrhiza-dependent Eucalyptus species tended to be those having the highest leaf phosphorus concentration in the absence of a fungal symbiont. These mycorrhiza-dependent Eucalyptus species seem to have greater phosphorus requirements and consequently to rely more on the symbiotic association.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050117
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth stimulation of Hopea spp. (Dipterocarpaceae) seedlings following ectomycorrhizal inoculation with an exotic strain of Pisolithus tinctorius
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Forest Ecology and Management 67 (1994), S. 339-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1127
    Keywords: Dipterocarpaceae ; Ectomycorrhiza ; Hopea Pisolithus ; Phosphorus ; Specificity
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)90028-0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cation-induced superoxide generation in tobacco cell suspension culture is dependent on ion valence (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: There have been many reports suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion (O2.–), in salt stress. Herein, direct evidence that treatments of cell suspension culture of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.; cell line, BY-2) with various salts of trivalent, divalent and monovalent metals stimulate the immediate production of O2.– is reported. Among the salts tested, LaCl3 and GdCl3 induced the greatest responses in O2.– production, whereas CaCl2 and MgCl2 showed only moderate effects; salts of monovalent metals such as KCl and NaCl induced much lower responses, indicating that there is a strong relationship between the valence of metals and the level of O2.– production. As the valence of the added metals increased from monovalent to divalent and trivalent, the concentrations required for maximal responses were lowered. Although O2.– production by NaCl and KCl required high concentrations associated with hyperosmolarity, the O2.– generation induced by NaCl and KCl was significantly greater than that induced simply by hyperosmolarity. Since an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium chloride, showed a strong inhibitory effect on the trivalent and divalent cation-induced generation of O2.–, it is likely that cation treatments activate the O2.–-generating activity of NADPH oxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00766.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eucalyptus root and shoot chitinases, induced following root colonization by pathogenic versus ectomycorrhizal fungi, compared on one- and two-dimensional activity gels
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 100 (1994), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Alternaria ; Botrytis ; Chitinase ; Ectomycorrhiza ; Eucalyptus ; Fusarium ; Phytophthora ; Pisolithus ; Symbiosis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(94)90071-X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability of phosphate solubilizing activity by monocaryotic and dicaryotic mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor (Maire) P.D. Orton (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 143 (1992), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: calcium salts ; ectomycorrhizal fungus ; genetic variability ; Laccaria bicolor ; phosphate solubilization ; phytate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Homocaryotic mycelia obtained from spores of Laccaria bicolor S238 have been compared in vitro for their efficiency in solubilizing poorly soluble phosphates. This could lead to genetic selection according to such criteria. However, there is very little room for improvement as the wild strain was shown to be one of the most efficient solubilizers among the strains tested. Twenty dicaryotic strains obtained by crossing the compatible homocaryons have also been compared and no clear heritability of this character has been found. The four phosphate salts used are most probably solubilized by the same mechanism which is polygenetically controlled
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00007873
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxalate synthesis from soil bicarbonate by the mycorrhizal fungusPaxillus involutus (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 110 (1988), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bicarbonate ; mycorrhizal fungus ; oxalate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The ability of the ectomycorrhizal fungusPaxillus involutus (Batsch. ex Fr.) Fr. to utilize bicarbonate ions from solution, for oxalate synthesis was demonstrated using NaH14CO3 in a nitrate-nitrogen medium. Fifteen percent of the carbonate ions incorporated was used for the synthesis of oxalic acid either directly from oxalacetate, or via citrate, isocitrate, and glyoxylate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143532
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