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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation in the greenhouse of the effects of fungicides on the development of mycorrhiza on leek and wheat (1992)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 1 (1992), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Fungicide ; Leek ; Wheat ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of 11 fungicides, viz Aliette, Bayleton 5, Benlate, Dithane M45, Euparene, Karathane, Orthocide 83RP, Pelt 44, Tilt C, Tilt 125 and Tripomol 80, on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in leek and wheat growing in a calcined clay was studied in the greenhouse at four concentrations applied to the foliage. Fungicides had minimal effects when applied to leek or wheat plants with well-established mycorrhiza. Mycorrhizal infection was not drastically affected by any fungicide at any application level. However, mycorrhizal infection of leek plants was reduced by systemic fungicides, and that of wheat by non-systemic fungicides. Aliette was the only fungicide that stimulated mycorrhizal development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206137
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual axenic culture of sheared-root inocula of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with tomato roots (1994)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1994), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Sheared-root inocula Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in vitro ; Sporulation ; Excised tomato root Acacia albida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Surface-sterilized sheared-root inocula of two vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi (Glomus intraradices and G. versiforme) from pot cultures associated with excised tomato roots showed significant sporulation and the production of an extensive hyphal biomass. As many as 102–103 axenic mature spores were recovered in Petri dishes during 3 months incubation in the dark. Propagules of both species were able to complete their vegetative life cycle in vitro and efficiently colonize Acacia albida roots after 1 month under greenhouse conditions. The effectiveness of 0.5 cm pieces of VAM roots as starter inocula indicates the high inoculum potential of intravesicle propagules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204015
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual axenic culture of sheared-root inocula of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with tomato roots (1994)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1994), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Sheared-root inocula Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in vitro ; Sporulation ; Excised tomato root Acacia albida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Surface-sterilized sheared-root inocula of two vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi (Glomus intraradices and G. versiforme) from pot cultures associated with excised tomato roots showed significant sporulation and the production of an extensive hyphal biomass. As many as 102–103 axenic mature spores were recovered in Petri dishes during 3 months incubation in the dark. Propagules of both species were able to complete their vegetative life cycle in vitro and efficiently colonize Acacia albida roots after 1 month under greenhouse conditions. The effectiveness of 0.5-cm pieces of VAM roots as starter inocula indicates the high inoculum potential of intravesicle propagules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glomales species associated with surface and deep rhizosphere of Faidherbia albida in Senegal (2000)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 10 (2000), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Keywords Glomales ; Soil depth ; Faidherbia albida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species were isolated and propagated from surface and deep rhizospheres of Faidherbia albida trees growing in two ecoclimatic zones of West Africa: the semi-arid Sahelian and the more humid Sudano-Guinean areas. Of these species, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus caledonium, and Glomus mosseae were trapped by F. albida roots when cultivated with either surface or deep soils. Glomus fasciculatum was found exclusively at the semi-arid Sahelian sites of Louga and Diokoul and Gigaspora margarita was isolated only from 16.5-m and 34-m-deep samples. Comparable glomalean fungal species richness was identified in deep (1.5–34 m) and surface (0.15 m) samples. The isolation and the propagation of glomalean fungi from F. albida rhizospheres confirmed the presence of viable AM fungal propagules, down to the water table, as deep as 34 m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720000069
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of 11 eucalyptus species to inoculation with three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1996)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 6 (1996), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Eucalyptus ; Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Phosphorus ; Endomycorrhizal dependency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Numerous publications have reported growth stimulation of Eucalyptus following ectomycorrhizal inoculation in nursery or field conditions. Although Eucalyptus species can also form arbuscular mycorrhiza, their dependency on this type of mycorrhiza is still debatable. This paper presents information on the effect of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on eucalypt growth. Twenty weeks after mycorrhizal inoculation, Eucalyptus seedlings' stem dry weight could be increased up to 49% compared to non-inoculated control plants. Intensity of root colonization by a given fungus depended on the host species, but it was not related to a plant growth response. Leaf phosphorus concentration of non-inoculated Eucalyptus seedlings varied greatly between species. Increases in leaf phosphorus concentration following mycorrhizal infection were not necessarily associated with plant growth stimulation. The most mycorrhiza-dependent Eucalyptus species tended to be those having the highest leaf phosphorus concentration in the absence of a fungal symbiont. These mycorrhiza-dependent Eucalyptus species seem to have greater phosphorus requirements and consequently to rely more on the symbiotic association.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050117
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    External phosphorus requirement of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal barley and soybean plants (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: VA mycorrhizae ; Glomus intraradices ; Barley ; Soybean ; Phosphorus requirements ; Mycorrhizal dependency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on the external P requirements of barley and soybeans. The plants were grown in pots containing a P-deficient soil. A range of 10 P levels was obtained by adding 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 110, 160, or 310 mg P kg-1 as NaH2PO4 2H2O. Half of the pots were inoculated with the VAM fungus Glomus intraradices. The P concentration in the soil solution was determined using an adsorption isotherm and plotted against the relative yield. Barley did not respond to mycorrhizal inoculation and we concluded that P nutrition was not the limiting factor on the growth of this lowmycotrophic plant. In contrast, mycorrhizal inoculation stimulated the growth of soybeans. The external P requirements were 0.110 μg ml-1 for mycorrhizal and 0.148 μg ml-1 for non-mycorrhizal soybeans to obtain 80% of the maximum yield. In terms of P fertilization this corresponds to a saving of 222 kg P2O5 ha-1. The mycorrhizal dependency of the soybean was highly correlated with the P concentration in the soil solution and it is proposed that both values should be displayed together.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334907
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    External phosphorus requirement of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal barley and soybean plants (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words VA mycorrhizae ; Glomus intraradices ; Barley ; Soybean ; Phosphorus requirements ; Mycorrhizal dependency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on the external P requirements of barley and soybeans. The plants were grown in pots containing a P-deficient soil. A range of 10 P levels was obtained by adding 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 110, 160, or 310 mg P kg–1 as NaH2PO4·2H2O. Half of the pots were inoculated with the VAM fungus Glomus intraradices. The P concentration in the soil solution was determined using an adsorption isotherm and plotted against the relative yield. Barley did not respond to mycorrhizal inoculation and we concluded that P nutrition was not the limiting factor on the growth of this low-mycotrophic plant. In contrast, mycorrhizal inoculation stimulated the growth of soybeans. The external P requirements were 0.110 μg ml–1 for mycorrhizal and 0.148 μg ml–1 for non-mycorrhizal soybeans to obtain 80% of the maximum yield. In terms of P fertilization this corresponds to a saving of 222 kg P2O5 ha–1. The mycorrhizal dependency of the soybean was highly correlated with the P concentration in the soil solution and it is proposed that both values should be displayed together.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334907
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of some fungicides applied as soil drenches on the mycorrhizal infectivity of two cultivated soils and their receptiveness to Glomus intraradices
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Crop Protection 12 (1993), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0261-2194
    Keywords: Fungicides ; Glomus intaradices ; arbuscular mycorrhizae ; infectivity ; receptiveness ; soil-borne diseases
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(93)90139-A
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axenic culture and encapsulation of the intraradical forms of Glomus spp. (1991)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 7 (1991), S. 292-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In recent years there have been many attempts to cultivate in vitro vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi which are obligate symbionts. Resting spores extracted from soils are often used as inoculum. Mycorrhizal root pieces are also used for inoculation but the role of intra-radical structures has not been clearly established. On agar medium vegetative mycelium was regenerated from individual intra-radical vesicles and from hyphae extracted by enzymatic maceration. After cell penetration, the mycelium probably accumulates substances which allow growth of VAM fungi in pure culture. When associated with tomato roots, this mycelium forms typical mycorrhizae. Encapsulation stabilized the biological properties of mycorrhizal roots and isolated vesicles. The immobilization also preserved the infectivity of the intra-radical hyphae and vesicles. After 25 years of exclusive utilization of resting spores as starting material for axenic and dual cultures of VAM fungi, it appears that intra-radical vesicles may be preferable propagules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329394
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infectivity of monoaxenic subcultures of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus versiforme associated with Ri-T-DNA-transformed carrot root (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 46 (1996), S. 545-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract   Glomus versiforme was associated in vitro with Ri-T-DNA-transformed carrot root and after 4 months of cultivation, numerous axenic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) propagules were obtained. Three successive generations of spores and mycorrhizal root pieces were obtained by reassociating a 4-month-old root piece with a new carrot root. A biological test was conducted to assess the infectivity of the three generations of inoculum. Both for spores and mycorrhizal root pieces, a significant decrease in infectivity was observed among the successive generations. Mycorrhizal root pieces however, exhibited, higher infectivity than spores. These results show the possibility of maintaining AM fungi cultures in axenic conditions for a long time and raise questions about the loss of infectivity among the generations. The necessity of maintaining the same strains in vitro and in vivo in two separate collections is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050858
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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