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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 36 (1964), S. 1879-1879 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 38 (1966), S. 466-468 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Human adipocytes ; Rat adipocytes ; Adipocyte volume ; Maximum adipocyte volume ; Weight index ; Diabetes mellitus ; Obesity ; Pathogenesis of maturity onset-diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez l'homme et le rat, des cellules adipeuses ont été isolées par incubation avec la collagénase. Les répartitions d'après leur taille ont été faites à l'aide du compteur à impulsions ZG 2 et évaluées sur une base lognormale. De façon empirique, nous avons trouvé que les déviations standard dans les répartitions sont en corrélation négative avec le diamètre des cellules. Par extrapolation des déviations standard au zéro, nous avons calculé les limites supérieures du volume des cellules adipeuses de v m =0.93 nl (tissu adipeux souscutané de l'abdomen chez l'homme) etv m =0.49 nl (tissu adipeux épididymaire et rétropéritonéal chez le rat blanc Wistar). Des volumes plus grands de cellules adipeuses n'ont pas été observés dans ces tissus. Les corrélations entre le volumev des cellules adipeuses et le poids corporel relatifm/m 0 ont été mesurées séparément chez des non-diabétiques (I) et chez des malades avec diabète établi tardivement (II):m/m 0=2.34v+0.45 (I), etm/m 0=0.576v+ 0.95 (II). Les coefficients de régression dans les deux équations sont différents de façon significative: les volumes des cellules adipeuses augmentent plus fortement avec l'index de poids chez les malades avec diabète établi tardivement. Si nous supposons que l'excès de poids est un excès de la masse des cellules adipeuses, nous avons une relation générale entre l'index de poids m/m0, le volumev des cellules adipeuses et N/m0, le nombre de cellules adipeuses par kg de poids corporel:m/m 0=0.93Nv/m 0+0.79. D'après les coefficients de régression mentionnés ci-dessus, il en résulte que les malades obèses au diabète établi tardivement ont un nombre plus réduit de cellules adipeuses que les malades obèses non-diabétiques. Cela signifie que la prédisposition au diabète établi tardivement est extrême chez les personnes obèses qui le sont devenues après la fin de l'adolescence.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Fettzellen des Menschen und der Ratte wurden durch Inkubation mit Kollagenase isoliert. Die Größenverteilungen wurden mit dem Impulszähler ZG 2 gemessen und auf lognormaler Basis ausgewertet. Empirisch stellten wir fest, daß die Standardabweichungen der Verteilungen negativ zum Zelldurchmesser korreliert sind. Durch Extrapolation der Standardabweichungen auf Null berechneten wir die oberen Grenzen der Fettzellvolumina vonv m =0.93 nl (subcutanes Fettgewebe des menschlichen Abdomens) undv m =0.49 nl (epididymales und retroperitonsales Fettgewebe von weißen Wistar-Ratten). Größere Fettzellvolumina wurden in diesen Geweben nicht beobachtet. Die Korrelationen zwischen dem Fettzellvolumenv und dem relativen Körpergewichtm/m 0 wurden für Nichtdiabetiker (I) und spät-manifeste Diabetiker (II) getrennt gemessen:m/m 0=2.34v+0.45 (I) undm/m 0=0.576v+0.95 (II). Die Regressionskoeffizienten beider Gleichungen sind signifikant verschieden: Die Fettzellvolumina nehmen bei spätmanifesten Diabetikern stärker mit dem Gewichtsindex zu. Unter der Voraussetzung, daß Übergewicht ein Überschuß an Fettzellmasse ist, haben wir eine generelle Beziehung zwischen dem Gewichtsindexm/m 0, dem Fettzellvolumenv undN/m 0, der Fettzellzahl pro kg Körpergewicht, abgeleitet:m/m 0=0.93Nv/m 0+0.79. Es folgt mit den obigen Regressionskoeffizienten, daß übergewichtige Patienten mit spät-manifestem Diabetes eine kleinere Anzahl von Fettzellen haben als übergewichtige Nichtdiabetiker. Dies bedeutet, daß die Prädisposition zum spätmanifesten Diabetes in den übergewichtigen Personen extrem ist, die erst nach dem Wachstumsalter ein Übergewicht erlangten.
    Notes: Summary Adipocytes of man and rat were isolated by incubation with collagenase. Their size distributions were measured with the pulse counter ZG 2 and evaluated on a lognormal base. Empirically, we have found that the standard deviations of the distributions are negatively correlated with the cell diameter. By extrapolation of the standard deviations to zero, we calculated upper limits of the adipocyte volumes to bev m =0.93 nl (subcutaneous adipose tissue of the abdomen in man) andv m =0.49 nl (epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in white wistar rats). Larger adipocyte volumes in these tissues have not been observed. — The correlations between adipocyte volumev and relative body weightm/m 0 have been measured in non-diabetics (I) and maturity onsetdiabetics (II) separately:m/m 0=2.34v+0.45 (I), andm/m 0=0.576v+0.95 (II). The regression coefficients in both equations are significantly different: adipocyte volumes increase more directly with weight index in maturity onset-diabetics. Supposing that overweight is an excess of adipocyte mass, we have derived a general relation between weight index m/m0, adipocyte volumev andN/m 0,the adipocyte number per kg body mass:m/m 0=0.93Nv/m 0+0.79. It follows with the abovementioned regression coefficients that obese maturity onset-diabetics have smaller adipocyte numbers than obese non-diabetics. This means that the predisposition to maturity onset-diabetes is extreme in those obese persons who got their overweight after the end of adolescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Obesity ; Very low calorie diets ; Zero diet ; Nitrogen balance ; Body composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The magnitude and composition of weight loss obtained in obese women on two forms of very low calorie protein-supplemented diets (Cambridge diet, Dresden drink) as well as by complete starvation has been investigated. With the VLCD, nitrogen equilibrium was reached on the 10th day of fasting, the cumulative nitrogen balance also being compensated. Nearly half of the body weight loss is due to loss of fat. In order to assess the benefit of fasting regimes, we propose to measure at least two parameters which are independent of each other, e.g., nitrogen balance and total body water. Both types of VLCD were equally effective, safe, and acceptable in achieving rapid body weight reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 603-607 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Mibefradil ; Low-density lipoprotein oxidation ; Calcium channel blocker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Mibefradil is a novel calcium channel antagonist that selectively blocks T-channels. It acts to reduce hypertension, is cardioprotective and reduces ischemic episodes. Oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is well known to contribute to coronary atherosclerosis and we therefore investigated to see whether mibefradil had antioxidative action on LDL. Methods: Human LDL were isolated by ultracentrifugation. In vitro oxidation of LDL (0.1 μmol · l−1 protein) in the presence of various concentrations of mibefradil was initiated by 3.2 μmol · l−1 copper ions. The kinetics of formation of conjugated dienes was followed photometrically. Malondialdehyde and lipoperoxides were determined at maximum oxidation. LDL (0.3 μmol · l−1) were also pre-incubated with mibefradil (120 μmol · l−1). Excessive mibefradil was separated by column technique. The resultant LDL were oxidized using copper ions or (AAPH) 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride. Results: The presence of mibefradil in the concentration range from 10 to 200 μmol · l−1 had dose-dependent effects. These were protection of LDL against oxidation measured as prolongation of the lagtime up to 250%, and reduction in the formation of malondialdehyde down to 65% and of lipoperoxides to 20%. Pre-incubation of LDL with mibefradil prolonged the lagtime of Cu-mediated oxidation up to 132% and of AAPH-mediated oxidation up to 138%. Conclusion: In addition to the T-channel blocking and antiproliferative effects, our results provide arguments for a protective role of mibefradil (10–200 μmol · l−1) on LDL against in vitro oxidation. This was shown with three independent parameters (lagtime, malondialdehyde and lipoperoxides) and in different oxidation models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Fluvastatin ; LDL oxidation; plasma trace metals ; α-tocopherol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL) is thought to be an important step in the development of atherosclerosis. Trace metals are involved in oxidative processes. It was of interest to determine whether lipid-lowering therapy with fluvastatin, a potent HMGCoA reductase inhibitor, affected LDL oxidation and trace metal levels. Methods: Twenty hypercholesterolemic patients were treated with fluvastatin (40 mg twice daily) or placebo for 8 weeks in a double-blind, randomized study. LDL composition, antioxidants and oxidizability as well as plasma zinc, copper, selenium and manganese concentrations were investigated. Results: After fluvastatin treatment, total cholesterol was reduced by 24%, triglycerides fell by 26% and plasma Zn fell by 8%. Cu, Se and Mn changed insignificantly. LDL were separated by ultracentrifugation. LDL were reduced by 18%, LDL-C by 29% and LDL-TG by 19%. The concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol in LDL changed insignificantly. LDL preparations were incubated with copper ions (204 μmol · l−1 LDL-C/3.2 μmol · l−1 Cu) and formation of conjugated dienes was monitored at 234 nm for 5 h. Treatment with fluvastatin caused a reduction of diene production by 16% and of diene production rate by 14%, effects being significantly different from placebo (P=0.02). The change of the lagtime did not reach significance; however, it was positively correlated with the change in LDL α-tocopherol. In the placebo group, no significant effects were observed. Conclusion: Fluvastatin therapy had lipid-lowering and antioxidative effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 224 (1994), S. 21-32 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Keywords: Centrifugal field ; HDL ; LDL ; Lipoproteins ; Tabletop ultracentrifuge ; VLDL
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 24 (1970), S. 79-89 
    ISSN: 0368-1874
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 32 (1965), S. 355-369 
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 321 (1992), S. 48-58 
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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