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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress transfer and nonlinear stress accumulation at subduction-type plate boundaries — Application to the Aleutians (1984)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 122 (1984), S. 812-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A study of stress accumulation in seismic gaps and of stress transfer along linear plate boundaries is presented. Time-dependent reloading of plate boundaries following seismic ruptures is modeled by a modified Elsasser model of a coupled lithosphere/asthenosphere plate system. This model is applied to study a series of large earthquakes in the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska peninsula in 1938–1965. It is found that the Rat Island earthquake and the 1948 earthquake in the central Aleutians are likely to have been triggered by adjacent ruptures, in the sense that their occurrence would have come at a later time had their neighboring segments not been ruptured. Stresses in the Unalaska Gap and the Shumagin gap are at a relatively high level and these segments of the plate boundary may be expected to rupture in the near future. In general, in the ten years (about 16% of the earthquake cycle for the Aleutians) following an earthquake, the stress recovery in the rupture zone is highly nonlinear, resulting in a much more rapid stress accumulation than the linear case. Even at a later stage of an earthquake cycle, adjacent ruptures can cause an acceleration of loading rate in addition to the coseismic stress jump. A good example is the influence of the 1964 Alaska earthquake on the 1938 rupture zone. A general conclusion of this work is that long term earthquake prediction models must take into account the nonlinear stress accumulation behavior in seismic gaps. Also, we have shown the interaction of adjacent plate boundary segments, which suggests that some large earthquakes may have been triggered by nearby ruptures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876386
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1989)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 130 (1989), S. 127-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877740
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1986)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 124 (1986), S. 1107-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879933
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of in-situ hydraulic diffusivity of rock masses (1984)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 122 (1984), S. 545-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Hydraulic diffusivity ; Rock masses ; Induced seismicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method of estimating in-situ hydraulic diffusivity of rock masses by means of well-injection history and frequency of induced seismicity is presented. The method is based on the diffusion of injected fluid from a spherical cavity in a poroelastic half-space and the effective stress theory, as proposed byTerzaghi (1925, 1936) andHubbert andRubey (1959). Application of the method to two different regions, one in western New York and the other in Japan, resulted in estimated diffusivities of the order 103 and 104 cm2/sec, respectively. These values lie within the range of published estimates of in-situ diffusivity by other means, a summary of which is presented in tabular form. The calculated diffusivities suggest that the characteristic time of fluid diffusion is close to 0.1, rather than unity, as is sometimes assumed in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874616
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix design for pseudo-strain-hardening fibre reinforced cementitious composites (1995)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 28 (1995), S. 586-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Au cours de ces dernières années, on a démontré de façon expérimentale le comportement de pseudo-écrouissage sous charge en traction directe de composites cimentaires renforcés de fibres courtes calculés à l'aide des données quantitatives de la micromécanique. Les conditions déterminant le comportement ductile de ces composites (ECC) ont été formulées de façon théorique. Dans cet article, on insiste particulièrement sur l'influence des propriétés de la matrice sur le pseudo-écrouissage du composite. On a entrepris un programme d'essais dans le but de déterminer l'influence de la composition des mélanges régis par les rapports eau/ciment et sable/ciment sur les propriétés de la matrice. La combinaison des savoirs théorique et expérimental ainsi obtenus permet de proposer une procédure innovante concernant le calcul des composites avec différents types de matrice. Cette étude résulte de la nécessité de mettre au point une nouvelle classe d'ECC présentant un module d'élasticité amélioré par l'addition de granulats fins à la matrice cimentaire. Enfin, on calcule un nouveau composite dont les essais montrent qu'il présente les caractéristiques souhaitables de comportement au pseudo-écrouissage et d'amélioration du module d'élasticité.
    Notes: Abstract Pseudo-strain-hardening behaviour under direct tensile loading in short fibre reinforced cement composites designed with quantitative guidance from micromechanics has been demonstrated experimentally, and conditions for the ductile behaviour of such engineered cementitious composites (ECC) have been formulated theoretically. In this paper special focus is placed on the influence of matrix properties on composite pseudo-strain-hardening. An experimental program is undertaken to study the dependence of the matrix properties on its mix compositions governed by water/cement and the sand/cement ratios. The theoretical and experimental knowledge thus obtained are combined to propose an innovative procedure for the design of composites using different types of matrix. The study is motivated by the need to develop a new class of ECCs with improved elastic modulus by the addition of fine aggregates to the cementitious matrix. Finally, a new composite is designed, and shown experimentally to exhibit the desirable features of pseudo-strain-hardening behaviour and improved elastic modulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02473191
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and structural applications of stress-crack width relations in fibre reinforced concrete (1995)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 28 (1995), S. 210-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume La relation contrainte-largeur de fissure est essentielle pour la compréhension de la progression de la fissuration et du comportement mécanique en traction des matériaux et des structures en béton renforcé de fibres. On propose un modèle de la relation contrainte-largeur de fissure de composites à fibres courtes avec une orientation aléatoire. Ce modèle prend en compte des compositions hybrides et des ruptures possibles des fibres. On démontre comment cette relation contrainte-largeur de fissure peut être incluse dans un modèle structural de prédiction de la largeur des fissures dans une structure en béton armé. Avec cette combinaison de modèles, on a crée un instrument rationnel pour le calcul des matériaux et des structures composites. On démontre comment des systèmes différents de fibre peuvent être analysés par rapport à leur applicabilité structurale, et comment il est possible d'effectuer une optimalisation combinée du côté matériaux et du côté structures.
    Notes: Abstract The stress-crack width relationship has been shown to be the key to an understanding of fracture propagation in and mechanical behaviour in tension of fibre reinforced concrete materials and structures. A model is derived for the stress-crack width relationship for randomly oriented short fibre composites which takes hybrid fibre systems and possible fibre rupture into account. It is shown how this stress-crack width relationship can be included in a structural model for the prediction of crack widths in reinforced concrete structures. With this combination of models a rational design tool for the design of composite materials and structures has been established. It is shown how different fibre systems can be tested for structural applicability and how combined material and structural optimization can take place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02473251
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A special technique for determining the critical length of fibre pull-out from a cement matrix (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1988), S. 842-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00723780
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of synthetic fibre reinforced cementitious composites (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 22 (1987), S. 4281-4291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Fibre reinforcement is one of the effective ways of improving the properties of concrete. However, current studios on fibre -reinforced concrete (FRC) have focused mainly on reinforcements with steel and glass fibres. Thin paper reports on an experimental programme on the properties of various synthetic fibre reinforced cementitious composites and the properties of the reinforcing fibres. Acrylic, polyester, and aramid fibres were tested in uniaxial tension, both in their original state as we!! as after ageing in nerO*nL Samples of these fibres were found to lose varying amounts of strength with time, depending on the ageing temperature. Two different test methods were used to measure the fibre-cement interfacial bond strength. The tensile properties of concrete reinforced with acrylic, nylon, and aramid fibres, in the form of random distribution or unioxial alignment, were studied by means of three different tests: compact tension, flexural, and splitting tensile tests. The properties of concrete, particularly that of apparent ductility, were found to be greatly improved by the inclusion of such fibre reinforcement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132019
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture behavior of shear key structures with a softening process zone (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 59 (1993), S. 345-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this paper is to investigate the fracture behavior of short fiber reinforced ceramic structures by means of the fracture mechanics approach. In this paper, structural stability in relation to crack growth in shear key structures with a softening process zone under effectively bending loads is studied through residual strength diagrams and load deflection curves. In addition, the behavior of process zone size preceding traction free crack in the shear key structure is investigated. Shear key structures with a softening process zone can behave stably under loading in the presence of a crack. Results of this analytical study potentially indicate that short fiber reinforcement for ceramics could eliminate catastrophic failure or unstable fracture behavior of ceramic structures, and also indicate the plausible applicability of ceramics as construction materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034563
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