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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    J estimation for shallow semi-elliptical surface cracks in wide plates under pure bending (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Three-dimensional finite element models have been used to predict the J versus applied strain behaviour of shallow semi-elliptical surface cracks in wide steel plates. These models were loaded in pure bending up to fully plastic conditions that produced maximum strains remote from the crack of 10 times the yield strain. This study examined cracks with a crack depth to plate thickness ratio (a/t) in the range 0.05–0.15, and crack depth to crack half-length ratio (a/c) from 0.2 to 0.57, in elastic-hardening materials as well as those with a yield plateau before strain-hardening. The results were found to differ significantly from those obtained from plane strain analyses, and a J estimation scheme was developed from the three-dimensional results. Comparisons between the results obtained in this work and the J predictions provided by existing defect assessment methods show that the proposed equations are a significant improvement when large strains are likely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1999.00170.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    J-INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS FOR SHALLOW CRACK GEOMETRIES UNDER COMBINED TENSION AND BENDING (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents J-integral solutions for geometries with shallow edge cracks (0.05 ≤a/W≤ 0.1) subjected to combined tension and bending. Tension and bending is applied simultaneously and sequentially. Curves of J versus structural strain are obtained from two-dimensional plane strain finite element analyses using medium to low work hardening power laws to represent material behaviour. Empirical equations are derived from the finite element results to estimate the J-integrals, using previously developed J-estimation schemes for SENT and SENB specimens with only minor modifications. The predictions presented are invariably safe, but due to the complexity of the problems studied and the variability of the loadings considered, the degree of conservatism is found to be high in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1996.tb00997.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A re-examination of the fracture mechanics energy balance for elastic-perfectly plastic materials (1977)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 13 (1977), S. 553-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034262
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some further results on slow crack growth prediction by a finite element method (1976)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 12 (1976), S. 503-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00032852
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of finite element solutions with analytical and experimental data for elastic-plastic cracked problems (1983)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 22 (1983), S. 15-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les résultats d'éléments finis non linéaires résultant d'une consultation circulaire sont comparés avec des données empiriques et expérimentales obtenues pour trois types de géométrie: éprouvette compacte, éprouvette de flexion en trois points et panneau à fissure centrale soumis à une charge uniaxiale. Les paramètres de la solution qui doivent être comparés dans les différentes formes sont: la charge appliquée, le déplacement d'un extensiomètre, l'intégraleJ (sans réserve sur sa méthode de calcul), KI, les profils d'ouverture de fissure ainsi que le développement de la zone plastique.
    Notes: Abstract Non-linear finite element results from a round robin are compared with empirical and experimental data obtained for three types of geometries: compact specimen, three-point bend specimen and a center-cracked panel subject to uniaxial loading. The solution parameters to be compared in various forms are: applied load, clip gauge displacement, RiceJ-integral (with no limit placed on method of calculation),K 1 crack opening profiles and plastic zone development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00960097
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    J-integral estimation for single edge notch specimens in tension (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 63 (1993), S. 75-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A new J-integral estimation scheme for single edge notch specimens in tension (SENT) is presented. The scheme consists of equations obtained by analysing finite element results of SENT specimens under plane strain conditions, and separate equations have been derived for two forms of idealized material stress-strain curves-power law and bilinear representations. Non-dimensional J values are presented as functions of non-dimensional far field strains which eliminate the dependency of J on the aspect ratios of specimens. It was found that both the material law and the crack depth to specimen depth ratio had significant influences on the predicted J values and by presenting equations for different parts of the J versus strain curves, the scheme is able to take these influences into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional evaluation of the T-stress in centre cracked plates (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 70 (1994), S. 35-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thick three-dimensional (3-D) finite element models of centre cracked plates are used to study the variation in the biaxiality factor β with the crack aspect ratio a/w. The use of two widely accepted methods to evaluate the T-stress in two-dimensions, namely the boundary layer method and the displacement field method, to calculate the T-stress in three-dimensions is studied. It is shown that the boundary layer method gives results that compare rather well with the two-dimensional plane strain values (maximum difference of 6 percent), while the displacement field method results are about 15 percent lower. Two parameters are shown to affect the three-dimensional evaluation of the biaxiality factor, namely the material's Poisson's ratio ν and the specimen's thickness t. The biaxiality factor is directly proportional to ν and inversely proportional to t. Three-dimensional analysis is required to assess correctly the effect of ν and t on β.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018134
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics assessment of low constraint aluminium test specimens (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 81 (1996), S. 217-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies have shown that the near crack-tip stress field at a given J value is dependent on geometry. This dependence has been linked to the degree of constraint in the geometry, with low constraint geometries losing J dominance at very low deformation levels. New approaches centred on the use of a two-parameter description (e.g. J-T and J-Q) of the crack-tip stress-strain state have emerged. However, there is a serious lack of experimental and numerical results for low constraint geometries to quantify the T-stress and Q-value in the literature. This paper describes details of an experimental and numerical program carried out on low and high constraint geometries (CCT and TPB) fabricated from an aluminium alloy. The results show that the experimental and numerical fracture toughness values (J c ) agree within ±10 percent. The T-stress and Q-value two-parameter methodologies are successful at indexing the fracture toughness, ordering the data into a systematic trend of decreasing fracture toughness with increasing T or Q, albeit with some scatter. This allows the use of practical two-parameter failure criteria, in the form of J-T and J-Q loci, to predict the behaviour of cracked components, without the conservatism associated with the use of high constraint test geometries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039572
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical and experimental study on defect assessment of plain and welded bars with shallow crack geometries (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 62 (1993), S. 245-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Several fracture mechanics based models are currently available for defect assessment. These models generally assume that any defects present in the structure are located in materials of uniform properties and make no provision for the possible differences in deformation behaviour of components fabricated with dissimilar material. Extensive research using numerical simulation has been carried out for a number of years at University College of Swansea to investigate the effects of weld mismatch on potential fracture behaviour. However, no detailed validation work has been done to verify the large amount of data generated so far. The work presented in this paper was aimed at filling this gap. Crack tip parameters of single edge notch specimens under pure bending and direct tension were studied using a combination of experimental and numerical techniques. The results of this combined study confirm the validity and accuracy of the numerical procedure used. Comparison of the values of CTOD and J-integral with those obtained using the defect assessment models shows that these models are not adequate even for predicting behaviour of homogeneous specimens. Much research is therefore still required to develop procedures for accurate predictions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012542
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sensitivity of J-integrals to material law variations for semi-elliptical surface cracks (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 80 (1996), S. 365-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In finite element analysis of cracked bodies, it is quite common to represent the material law (stress-strain curve) in a simplified form e.g. bilinear approximation. Many steels, however, have a more complex material law, which includes a perfectly plastic region before work hardening. Two dimensional finite element analyses have shown that fracture parameters, such as the J-integral, are very sensitive to variation in material law for shallow cracks, and the writers have now commenced three dimensional analyses for surface semi-elliptical cracks in plates. Some computations have been made for specimens tested experimentally by Dodds and Read [1], and the results show that what appears to be a reasonable approximation of the material law is inadequate in modelling the deformation behaviour, and that more accurate modelling of the material law, especially the plastic part immediately after yield, which may include perfectly plastic behaviour, is required for reliable results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018513
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