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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binswanger's disease in the absence of chronic arterial hypertension (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1992), S. 434-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Binswanger's disease ; White matter lesion ; Arteriolosclerosis ; Dementia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cerebral changes are described in a woman of 54 who suffered from Binswanger's encephalopathy: there were no signs or symptoms of chronic arterial hypertension. The disease presented as dementia of about 3 years duration. Computed tomography of the brain 2. 5 years before her death showed bilateral widespread hypodense lesions in the cerebral white matter. She died of an asthmatic attack. Autopsy disclosed extensive bilateral degeneration of the central white matter, lacunes and gliosis. Severe obliterative arteriolosclerosis occurred in the meningeal vessels and those supplying the affected parts of the brain. Light microscopy showed that the most severe lesions occurred in the arterioles. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated profound extravasation of plasma proteins chiefly albumin, indicating dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier. Thus, the lesions characteristic of Binswanger's encephalopathy may develop in the absence of chronic arterial hypertension. Additional pathogenic factors, possibly genetic predisposition to vascular injury may play a role in the development of this condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713538
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The compensatory ‘rebound’ of reactive astrogliosis: glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemical analysis of reactive astrogliosis after a puncture wound to the brain of rats with portocaval anastomosis (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 72-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Reactive astrogliosis ; Portocaval anastomotic encephalopathy ; Puncture wound ; Compensatory and decompensatory phases of Alzheimer II gliosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was designed to compare the degree of reactive astrogliosis occurring around a puncture wound in the brain of normal rats and at different intervals after a similar puncture wound in rats with a portocaval anastomosis. The gliosis was evaluated by the number of astrocytes, the thickness of their processes and the intensity of the glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity. After the puncture wound in the brain of rats with a portocaval anastomosis, the gliosis varied at different intervals being: (1) decreased at 10 days, (2) markedly increased at 5 weeks and (3) significantly decreased at 8, 12, and 16 weeks. These findings suggest that 5 weeks after portocaval anastomosis, an active proliferation of the metabolically altered astrocytes occurs with heightened synthesis of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the period of adaptive compensation, the so-called compensatory ‘rebound’. At 8 weeks or more after portocaval anastomosis, these altered astrocytes were considered to be in the phase of decompensation and incapable of maintaining the reactive response which occurred in normal rats. The compensatory rebound and decompensatory ‘decline’ illustrate the dynamic plasticity of the reactive astrogliosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310926
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum levels of cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine (CTACK) as a laboratory marker of the severity of atopic dermatitis in children (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 29 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There are at least 13 scoring systems for the assessment of disease severity in atopic dermatitis (AD). Each system has its problems with interobserver and intraobserver variability. Cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine (CTACK) is a skin-specific chemoattractant which may correlate with AD severity and obviate the issue of observer reliability. We evaluated whether serum CTACK concentrations were associated with the severity of AD in children according to the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Thirty-seven Chinese children with AD (23 boys, 14 girls; aged 1–11 years) and 13 controls were recruited. The median (interquartile range) overall SCORAD for AD patients was 29.7 (20.3–49.7). Serum concentrations of CTACK and two other atopy-related chemokines, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), were measured by sandwich enzyme immunoassay. There were significant correlations between SCORAD (r = 0.394, P = 0.016), its area (r = 0.528, P = 0.001) and intensity components (r = 0.429, P = 0.008) with serum levels of CTACK. The serum concentrations of inflammatory markers MDC and TARC also correlated with the CTACK concentrations (r = 0.618, P 〈 0.001, and r = 0.587, P = 0.001, respectively). Serum CTACK concentration appears to be a skin-specific objective marker that correlates with various clinical and laboratory parameters of AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2004.01501.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Issues regarding nonattendance at a paediatric dermatology centre (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 27 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nonattendance in paediatric dermatology clinics is a significant problem. We reviewed the charts of all 400 new referrals to the Prince of Wales Hospital (PWH) paediatric dermatology clinic in the year 2000. Sixty-six patients (17%) did not attend. The mean age ± SD of attenders (7.5 ± 5.1 years) and nonattenders (7.7 ± 4.5 years) did not differ significantly. Forty-eight per cent of the referrals were females, 50% of the attenders were females and 67% of the nonattenders were male. Males were 2.1-fold more likely not to attend clinic relative to females (95% confidence interval 1.14–3.71, P = 0.010). Nonattendance was significantly higher among referrals from the PWH emergency department, compared with referrals by private practitioners (P = 0.05) and referrals by other clinics in the PWH. Data in this retrospective study confirm that there is a gender disparity in hospital nonattendance. More dermatological referrals but more nonattendance were associated with the male patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2002.01163.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary leukotriene E4 correlates with severity of atopic dermatitis in children (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 29 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) is elevated in adults with atopic dermatitis (AD). We evaluated whether urinary LTE4 as a noninvasive marker correlates with clinical indices of disease activity in children with AD. AD patients aged 18 years or younger were eligible for inclusion in the study. Disease severity over the preceding 3 days was evaluated by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Severity of AD over the past 12 months was evaluated by the Nottingham Eczema Severity Score (NESS) in Chinese. Urinary LTE4 concentration was measured by competitive enzyme immunoassay. One hundred and twenty-six children with AD (82 boys and 44 girls) and 45 controls were recruited. The mean ± SD urinary log-transformed LTE4 concentration in AD patients and controls was 2.94 ± 0.32 and 2.62 ± 0.20 pg/mg creatinine, respectively (P 〈 0.0001). SCORAD significantly correlated with NESS (r = 0.681, P 〈 0.0001). There were significant correlations between urinary LTE4 concentration and overall SCORAD score (r = 0.270, P = 0.002) and its extent (r = 0.185, P = 0.038) and intensity components (r = 0.247, P = 0.005), but not with NESS. When compared with mild AD, urinary LTE4 concentrations were higher in patients with moderate-to-severe disease (P = 0.049). Urinary LTE4 measurement is noninvasive and may be useful in supplementing the SCORAD for following longitudinal changes in AD severity in children. However, the practical value of this assay in a clinical setting remains to be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2004.01512.x
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