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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A case-control study of maternal risk factors for thyroid cancer in young women (California, United States) (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 6 (1995), S. 389-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): Family history ; females ; miscarriage ; smoking ; thyroid cancer ; thyroid hyperplasia ; United States ; weight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A population-based case-control interview study investigated whether reproductive factors are related to the striking female-over-male excess of thyroid cancer among women of reproductive age in Los Angeles County, CA (United States). As a separate component of that study, mothers of 153 cases and 140 controls who were age 40 or younger at diagnosis or reference date were interviewed by telephone to determine the significance of family and maternal risk factors in the subsequent development of thyroid cancer among the daughters. More case than control mothers experienced miscarriage prior to the index pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]=2.0, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.1–3.5). Increased risk was associated with family history of thyroid cancer or other thyroid disease (OR=2.1, CI=1.2–3.6). More control than case mothers smoked during the index pregnancy (OR=0.6, CI=0.4–1.0); however, among mothers who smoked, case mothers smoked more. Case mothers experienced a greater increase in weight from minimum adult weight to weight at index pregnancy (P for trend = 0.01). Reports from mothers also confirmed the risk associated with the daughter's exposure to ionizing radiation from birth through adolescence; ionizing radiation remains the best-established risk factor for thyroid cancer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00052178
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A pooled analysis of case–control studies of thyroid cancer. IV. Benign thyroid diseases (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 10 (1999), S. 583-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): goiter ; hyperthyroidism ; hypothyroidism ; thyroid adenoma ; thyroid cancer
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: To obtain more precise estimates of the association between thyroid cancer and benign thyroid diseases and to elucidate the role of potential confounders or effect modifiers. Methods: The original data from 12 case–control studies from the United States, Asia, and Europe were pooled. Based on 2094 women and 425 men with cancer of the thyroid and, respectively, 3248 and 928 control subjects, odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained by conditional regression models, conditioning on study and age at diagnosis, and adjusting for age and radiotherapy. Results: A history of hypothyroidism was not associated with cancer risk (pooled ORs = 0.9, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.7–1.3 in women and 1.7, 95% CI: 0.3–11.7 in men). ORs for hyperthyroidism were 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0–2.1) in women and 3.1 (95% CI: 1.0–9.8) in men. In women, however, risk was lower in the absence of or after allowance for history of goiter. Pooled ORs for a history of goiter were 5.9 (95% CI: 4.2–8.1) in women and 38.3 (95% CI: 5.0–291.2) in men. Risk for a history of benign nodules/adenomas was especially high (OR = 29.9, 95% CI: 14.5–62.0, in women; 18 cases versus 0 controls in men). The excess risk for goiter and benign nodules/adenomas was greatest within 2–4 years prior to thyroid cancer diagnosis, but an elevated OR was present 10 years or more before cancer. Conclusions: Goiter and benign nodules/adenomas are the strongest risk factors for thyroid cancer, apart from radiation in childhood.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008907227706
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Descriptive epidemiology of thyroid cancer in Los Angeles County, 1972–1995 (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 11 (2000), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): diet ; Filipinos ; follicular ; incidence ; occupation ; papillary ; secular trend ; thyroid cancer
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: To examine the descriptive epidemiologic features of incident thyroid cancers diagnosed among Los Angeles County residents between 1972 and 1995. Methods: The Los Angeles County/University of Southern California Cancer Surveillance Program (CSP) collected data on 8820 newly diagnosed thyroid cancer of cases occurring in Los Angeles County. Average annual age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated to study the epidemiology of each of the major histologic types of thyroid carcinoma. Results: For all races combined, the age-adjusted incidence rates were 2.5 per 100,000 males and 6.0 per 100,000 females. Differences in incidence by ethnicity were particularly striking, with Filipinos demonstrating the highest incidence rates (4.44 per 100,000 males, 11.3 per 100,000 females). Over the 23-year period, thyroid cancer incidence rates increased 1.5% per year for males and 1% per year for females. By histology, papillary carcinoma rates increased over time and follicular carcinoma rates decreased. Non-Spanish surnamed white men employed in certain white-collar occupations and radiologic technicians were at greater risk of thyroid cancer. Conclusions: Additional research on the epidemiologic risk factors for thyroid cancer, particularly for gender and ethnicity, is needed to explain the marked elevated incidence rates among females and the Filipino population in Los Angeles County.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008932123830
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A case-control study of thyroid cancer in women under age 55 in Shanghai (People's Republic of China) (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 4 (1993), S. 431-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): Family history ; goiter ; miscarriage ; oral contraceptives ; P.R. China, pregnancy ; seafood ; thyroid cancer ; thyroid nodules ; weight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A population-based interview study of 207 case-control pairs investigated reproductive, dietary, and other factors thought likely to increase thyroid cancer risk among women of reproductive age in Shanghai. Of particular interest were factors that might help explain the striking female over male excess in this age group. Risk was strongly associated with prior goiter or benign nodules (odds ratio [OR]=7.0, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]=2.5–27.5) and miscarriage as outcome of first pregnancy (OR=9.9, CI=2.0–48.4). Weaker associations were seen for women who were ever-pregnant (OR=2.1, CI=1.1–4.2), ever had an induced abortion (OR=1.6, CI=0.9–2.9), and ever used oral contraceptives (OR=1.7, CI=1.0–3.1). Compared with controls, cases gained significantly more weight from menarche to highest nonpregnant weight (P trend 〈0.01). Overall, cases ate more fish and shellfish, but there was no trend with level of consumption. More cases had a parent, sibling, or child with thyroid disease (OR=5.2, CI=2.5–12.1). Our findings relating to goiter and benign nodules and various reproductive factors support earlier studies. Consumption of seafood was difficult to evaluate; more detailed dietary data are needed to assess iodine intake.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00050862
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dietary and other lifestyle factors of women with brain gliomas in Los Angeles County (California, USA) (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 8 (1997), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): Diet ; glioma ; nitroso compounds ; risk factors ; United States ; women
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A population-based interview study in Los Angeles County (California, USA) of 94 women with intracranial gliomas and 94 individually matched neighborhood controls investigated the relationship to various sources of exposure to N-nitroso compounds and their precursors and to vitamins which inhibit the endogenous formation of these compounds. The study offers some support for the hypothesis that dietary sources of nitroso exposure relate to risk. Risk increased with increasing consumption of cured meats, most notably of bacon (odds ratio [OR] for the third tertile of intake=6.6, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.9-22.5, P trend 〈 0.001). Risk was reduced with increasing intake of vegetables such as bell peppers (OR for third tertile=0.2, CI=0.1-0.7, P trend 〈 0.01). In addition, use of vitamin supplements appeared protective, and there was some suggestion that eating cured meats in combination with foods which inhibit endogenous nitrosation mitigates risk. Other potential sources of nitroso exposure such as smoking, cosmetics, and drinking water did not relate to risk. Despite the limitations of data on usual adult diet, it appears that dietary sources of nitroso compounds may be important in the development of gliomas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018437031987
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A pooled analysis of thyroid cancer studies. V. Anthropometric factors (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 11 (2000), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Schlagwort(e): body mass index ; case–control studies ; height ; risk ; thyroid cancer ; weight
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: To assess the relation between anthropometric factors and thyroid cancer risk in a pooled analysis of individual data from 12 case–control studies conducted in the US, Japan, China and Europe. Methods: 2056 female and 417 male cases, 3358 female and 965 male controls were considered. Odds ratios (OR) were derived from logistic regression, conditioning on age, A-bomb exposure (Japan) and study, and adjusting for radiotherapy. Results: Compared to the lowest tertile of height, the pooled OR was 1.2 for females for the highest one, and 1.5 for males, and trends in risk were significant. With reference to weight at diagnosis, the OR for females was 1.2 for the highest tertile, and the trend in risk was significant, whereas no association was observed in males. Body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis was directly related to thyroid cancer risk in females (OR = 1.2 for the highest tertile), but not in males. No consistent pattern of risk emerged with BMI during the late teens. Most of the associations were observed both for papillary and follicular cancers, and in all age groups. However, significant heterogeneity was observed across studies. Conclusions: Height and weight at diagnosis are moderately related to thyroid cancer risk.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008938520101
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sex differences in property crime in a Danish adoption cohort (1989)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 19 (1989), S. 355-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Sex differences ; liability ; adoption study ; property criminality ; threshold
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sex differences in genetic and environmental influences on criminal behavior against property were studied in a birth cohort of 6129 male and 7065 female Danish adoptees and their biological and adoptive parents. Both genetic and environmental factors were found to contribute to variation in liability to property criminality, the relative proportions of variance explained being similar in males and females. Important shared- and nonshared-family environmental factors were present. In separate analyses of average liability toward property criminality, however, convicted females appeared to be more genetically predisposed than convicted males, a conclusion based on the finding that female property offenders were more likely than male offenders to have convicted biological (but adopted-away) offspring. On the other hand, property-offending males and females did not appear to differ in their average shared-family environmental liabilities, since conviction rates did not differ for adoptees of convicted adoptive mothers and fathers. Also, social class in the adopitive parents of convicted sons and daughters were comparable, further indicating that average shared-family environmental liabilities do not differ between the sexes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066164
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Astrocytoma risk related to job exposure to electric and magnetic fields (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 12 (1991), S. 57-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Schlagwort(e): electromagnetic fields ; occupation ; brain tumor risk ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Physik
    Notizen: To investigate the association between occupational exposure to low-frequency electric and magnetic (EM) fields and risk of brain tumors, a study was performed in Los Angeles County on 272 male adults with primary intracranial gliomas or meningiomas and 272 neighborhood controls. Complete occupational histories were collected. Risk associated with employment for more than 10 years in jobs that are presumed to entail exposure to EM fields was computed for various histological groupings. A nonsignificantly elevated risk of 1.7 was found for gliomas (all types pooled: 95% confidence interval 0.7-4.4), and a nonsignificantly reduced risk of 0.3 (95% confidence interval 0.03-3.2) was found for meningiomas. For astrocytomas, which form a subtype of the gliomas, a significantly elevated risk of 10.3 (95% confidence interval 1.3-80.8) was found; a significant upward trend (P = .01) of tumor incidence with increasing length of employment was observed. Most astrocytoma patients who worked in occupations involving exposure to EM fields were electricians or electrical engineers.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250120108
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