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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 111 (1998), S. 147-150 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key wordsPsilocybe mushrooms ; Honey ; Psilocybine ; Psilocine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract In 1996 samples of suspicious honey preparations were confiscated at the Dutch-German border. The labels on the 50 ml jars indicated that the honey contained Stropharia cubensis (better known as Psilocybe cubensis). The jars were filled with honey with a ca. 1 cm layer of fine particles on the top. The particles were collected and subjected to microscopic and chemical analysis. By microscopy mushroom tissue (plectenchym) and spores typical for the genus Psilocybe were identified in all samples. The HPLC analysis with atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry and diode array detection revealed psilocine but psilocybine was not found. The quantitative analysis was very difficult due to the matrix problems. A search showed that the honey with Psilocybe can be purchased in Dutch coffee shops without any limitations although psilocine and psilocybine belong to listed substances according to Dutch law.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Drugs of abuse ; Enzyme multiplied immunoassay (EMIT) ; Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) ; Acetone precipitation ; Ultrafiltration ; Betäubungsmittel ; Enzym multiplied immunoassay (EMIT) ; Fluorescenzpolarisation-Immunoassay (FPIA) ; Acetonfallung ; Ultrafiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zum immunologischen Nachweis von Drogen in Blutproben wurde die Brauchbarkeit der ETS (EMIT)- und ADx (FPIA)-Systeme unter Einsatz zweier Probenvorbereitungsmethoden (Ultrafiltration und Acetonfällung) untersucht und die Ergebnisse miteinander verglichen. Cannabinoide (D-8-THC-COOH), Benzodiazepine (Oxazepam) und Benzoylecgonin waren nach Ultrafiltration mit beiden Systemen praktisch nicht nachweisbar. Die Nachweisbarkeit von Morphin war nach Ultrafiltration deutlich schlechter als nach vor-ausgegangener Acetonfällung. Der Vergleich der mit dem ETS- und ADx-System nach Acetonfällung erhaltenen Ergebnisse zeigt, daß der ETS-Assay etwas empfindlichere, der ADx-Assay besser reproduzierbare Meßergebnisse liefert. Beide Assays sind für Blutuntersuchungen geeignet und lassen vergleichbare cut-off-Werte zu. Das ETS-System zeigt in der Praxis eine bessere Handhabung, Geschwindigkeit und Flexibilität sowie im Vergleich zum ADx deutlich niedrigere Reagenzienkosten.
    Notes: Summary The purpose of the paper was to compare the performance of ETS (EMIT) and ADx (FPIA) analyzers for screening blood samples for drugs of abuse after 2 alternative pretreatment procedures (acetone precipitation and ultrafiltration). Cannabinoids, benzodiazepines and benzoylecgonine were not detectable with both assays after ultrafiltration. The detectability of morphine in blood ultrafiltrates was distinctly lower than after acetone precipitation. The comparison of results obtained with ETS and ADx after acetone precipitation showed that ETS assay is slightly more sensitive but AD is slightly more reproducible. Both assays may be used for blood examination with similar cut-off values. The ETS analyzer gave much better analytical performance (speed, flexibility) and lower reagent costs than the ADx analyzer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 102 (1989), S. 509-519 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Narcotic drugs ; Analytical data, narcotic drugs ; Betäubungsmittel, analytische Daten ; Betäubungsmittel-kriminalität, Grenzraum Aachen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den Jahren 1980 bis 1986 nahmen die im Aachener Grenzraum beschlagnahmten und zur Untersuchung gelangten Rauschgifte nach Menge und Probenanzahl zu, insbesondere bei Cannabisprodukten. Diese Entwicklung wird im einzelnen vorgestellt. Auffallend war im Beobachtungszeitraum das Ansteigen des THC-Gehaltes in Cannabisharz auf 8,6%, während bei Cannabiskraut der THC-Gehalt vorwiegend zwischen 1 bis 3% schwankte. Bei Heroinproben lag in den letzten Jahren Diamorphin überwiegend in Basenform vor, verbunden mit einem deutlichen Ansteigen des Noscapingehalts und einem Abfallen der Konzentration an Diamorphin auf 32%. Die Kokain-Hydrochloridkonzentrationen stiegen zunächst an, fielen jedoch 1986 auf 62% ab. Bei Amphetaminsulfat war ein Ansteigen der Konzentration 1986 auf 69% zu beobachten. LSD-Trips enthielten überwiegend LSD in Mengen zwischen 10 bis 120 μg. Methadon lag meist in Form von Tabletten mit 5 mg Methadon-Hydrochlorid vor.
    Notes: Summary During the period of survey, the number of narcotic drug seizures by the law, especially cannabis resin, has increased considerably. The details on this development are presented. The following main analytical results were obtained: the median concentration of THC in cannabis resin has increased up to 8.6%, in cannabis plants the THC content has fluctuated between 1% and 3%. In the heroin samples since 1982, diamorphin has predominated in the base form; the diamorphin content had dropped to 32%, which is connected with a rise simultaneous in the concentration of noscapine (up to 9%). The concentration of cocaine hydrochloride had diminished at the end of the period to 62%; on the other hand, the amphetamine sulfate content increased to 69%. LSD trips used from 10 to 120 μg per trip. Methadone occurred mostly in the form of tablets containing 5 mg methadone hydrochloride.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 1320-1327 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Derivatives of 1,3-Benzodioxole, 45. Syntheses of Substituted DihydronaphthalenecarbaldehydesAt room temperature the reaction of the Vilsmeier complex with the propenyl compounds 1a and b leads to the acrylaldehydes 2a and b. A rise of temperature up to 100°C yields the dimethylammonium salts 3a and b, which can be hydrolized to the indanones 4a and b. The dihydronaphthalenecarbaldehydes 6a - g are obtained by treatment of the allyl compounds 5a - g with the Vilsmeier reagent at room temperature. The aldehydes 6c and f were subjected to Palladium catalysed reduction leading to the naphthalenes 8c and f, which are prepared by an alternative route.
    Notes: Die Einwirkung des Vilsmeier-Komplexes auf die Propenylverbindungen 1a und b führt bei Raumtemperatur zu den Acrylaldehyden 2a und b. Bei 100°C entstehen die Dimethylammoniumsalze 3a und b, die zu den Indanonen 4a und b hydrolysierbar sind. Die Behandlung der Allylverbindungen 5a - g bei Raumtemperatur mit Vilsmeier-Reagenz ergibt die Dihydronaphthalincarbaldehyde 6a - g. Die Aldehyde 6c und f wurden durch Palladium-Katalyse zu den Naphthalinen 8c und f abgebaut, die zum Konstitutionsbeweis auf unabhängigem Wege dargestellt wurden.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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