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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surgical indications in normotensive hydrocephalus. A retrospective analysis of the relations of some diagnostic findings to the results of surgical treatment (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 33 (1976), S. 1-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty two of fifty five patients initially suspected of suffering from normotensive hydrocephalus were surgically treated (CSF ventriculoatrial shunt). The results of surgery were related to the findings of the different diagnostic examinations (pneumoencephalography, isotope cisternography, transfer from CSF to blood of isotope labelled serum albumin, constant infusion manometric test, long lasting intraventricular pressure recording). 1. Pneumoencephalography, intraventricular pressure recording, and, above all, isotope cisternography provided the most reliable data for diagnosis and surgical prognosis. 2. The combined use of pneumoencephalography and isotope cisternography was sufficient for a correct diagnosis and surgical prognosis in about 50% of the patients examined. 3. When the diagnostic information given by the combined results of the two above examinations was not sufficient, intraventricular pressure recording proved to be the most useful examination to supplement it. 4. The relation of the results of the study of transfer of isotope labelled serum albumin from CSF to blood and of the constant infusion manometric test to the surgical outcome was uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01405737
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium nitroprusside and intracranial pressure (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 58 (1981), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Sodium nitroprusside ; blood pressure ; intracranial pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of sodium nitroprusside on intracranial pressure were studied in 10 patients, candidates for surgical treatment, prior to anaesthesia. Blood pressure was lowered to at least 50% of its initial value. In all cases, at the beginning of nitroprusside infusion, both the mean and the pulse intracranial pressures increased (mean increase: 83.2% of the initial value). At a certain moment, however, while the blood pressure continued to fall, the mean intracranial pressure did not increase any more; on the contrary, it decreased. On the other hand, in many cases, the pulse intracranial pressure continued to increase. No neurological or EEG changes were observed. The possible changes of cerebral circulation and CSF dynamics underlying the phenomena observed are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407126
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normotensive hydrocephalus. The relations of pneumoencephalography and isotope cisternography to the results of surgical treatment (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 30 (1974), S. 69-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An attempt has been made to evaluate the prognostic value for surgery of some diagnostic findings in 15 patients with normotensive hydrocephalus. The results of CSF surgical shunting were considered in relation to the results of pneumoencephalography and isotope cisternography with I131 HSA. In addition, the data obtained by the estimation of the transfer of isotope labelled serum albumin from CSF to blood have been considered. Ten patients showed remarkable improvement following surgery, five did not. From the results of the present study it appears that no one of these diagnostic investigations gives a reliable surgical prognosis which may, however, be obtainable by integrating the results of the different examinations. The following combination of findings appears highly suggestive of good surgical prognosis: ventricular enlargement and everted anterior medullary velum with no signs of cerebral atrophy in the pneumoencephalogram, plus ventricular filling in the isotope cisternographic scans. The additional finding of retention of the isotope labelled serum albumin may further strenghthen the prognostic information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01405756
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral nerve autografts to the injured spinal cord of the rat: An experimental model for the study of spinal cord regeneration (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 78 (1985), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Peripheral nerve autografts ; rat spinal cord ; experimental cord injury ; method of assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regenerated central axons have been shown experimentally to penetrate in peripheral nerve segments transplanted into the spinal cord (SC). However, if the nerves are transplanted between the stumps of the transected SC regeneration is impaired by local cavitation and scarring. Our experiment was designed to study whether nerve grafts bridging a severe transverse SC lesion might provide to central regenerating axons a pathway to by-pass the lesion. To this purpose, 2 segments of autologous peripheral nerves were inserted through small dural openings into dorsal longitudinal myelotomies rostral and caudal to a transverse SC lesion in rats. Eighteen weeks after transplantation a large number of well myelinated fibres filled the grafted nerves. Only a few of these fibres, however, could be followed into the SC; they were located in the outer layers of the dorsal white matter. The problems regarding the origin and destination of these fibres are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809242
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cervical spontaneous epidural hematoma as a complication of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1996)
    Springer
    European spine journal 5 (1996), S. 268-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ; Spinal epidural hematoma ; Surgery ; Thrombocytopenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Epidural hematoma is a rare cause of spinal cord compression, which usually provokes severe neurological deficits. It is presumed to originate from venous or, more probably, arterial bleeding. Thrombocytopenia and other disorders of coagulation may precipitate the onset of epidural hematoma and facilitate the evolution of the disease. We report the case of a patient suffering from a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with severe thrombocytopenia during a MACOP-B schedule, who presented with a spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma. We discuss the etiopathological aspects, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare cause of acute cervical spinal cord compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301331
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraneural capillary hemangioma of the cauda equina (1997)
    Springer
    European spine journal 6 (1997), S. 278-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Cauda equina ; Intraneural hemangioma ; Spine surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of intraneural capillary hemangioma involving the dorsal root of a spinal nerve of the cauda equina is reported. The patient was a 41-year-old man with a 3-month history of intermittent left lumbosciatalgia. MRI and CT myelography showed a space-occupying mass at the level of the cauda equina. Laminectomy of L5 and complete removal of the lesion were performed without neurological problems. The clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of hemangiomas of the cauda equina are analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322452
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The value of CT for the diagnosis of pituitary microadenomas in children (1978)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 15 (1978), S. 179-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Prepuberal pituitary dwarfism ; Pituitary microadenomas ; CT scan ; Transphenoid surgery ; Sella turcica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of prepuberal hypopituitary dwarfism regarded as idiopathic, are reported. In two of them the skull X-rays showed questionable minimal alterations of the sella turcica; in the remaining child the examination was completely negative. All three children were found to have a pituitary intrasellar microadenoma on the CT scan. The diagnosis was confirmed during surgery. The postoperative followup demonstrated the relation of the lesion with growth retardation and the indication for surgical treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329065
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regression after biopsy of a pilocytic opticochiasmatic astrocytoma in a young adult without neurofibromatosis (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 352-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Optic glioma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial MRI over 60 months demonstrated regression after biopsy of a pilocytic opticochiasmatic astrocytoma in a 20-year-old woman with no signs of neurofibromatosis, together with improvement in vision. The patient did not receive radio- or chemotherapy. Close MRI follow-up of optic gliomas is recommended. Aggressive treatment should be limited to cases with clear clinical and radiological progression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050897
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of acetylcholine release by flumazenil in the hippocampus of rats chronically treated with diazepam but not with imidazenil or abecarnil (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 121 (1995), S. 180-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Microdialysis ; Hippocampus ; Acetylcholine ; Benzodiazepine receptor ligands ; Chronic treatment ; Tolerance ; Dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of long-term treatment (three times a day for 3 weeks) with pharmacologically active doses of the novel anxiolytics and anticovulsants abecarnil (0.5 mg/kg, IP) and imidazenil (0.5 mg/kg, IP) on basal hippocampal acetylcholine release in freely moving rats were compared with those of diazepam (3 mg/kg, IP). Challenge doses of diazepam, abecarnil, and imidazenil decreased the extracellular acetylcholine concentration in the hippocampus by the same extent in animals chronically treated with the respective drug or vehicle. Moreover, the abrupt discontinuation of long-term treatment with diazepam, abecarnil, or imidazenil failed to affect hippocampal acetylcholine release during the first 5 days of withdrawal. In contrast, the acute administration of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist flumazenil (1 mg/kg, IP) 2 days after diazepam withdrawal elicited a marked increase (65%) in acetylcholine release in the hippocampus. Flumazenil failed to induce the same effect 5 days after diazepam withdrawal or 2 or 5 days after discontinuation of long-term treatment with abecarnil or imidazenil. These results indicate that (i) the inhibitory effects of full (diazepam), partial (imidazenil), and selective (abecarnil) benzodiazepine receptor agonists on acetylcoholine output in rat hippocampus are not affected by repeated drug administration; (ii) discontinuation of long-term treatment with each type of agonist does not affect hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms; and (iii) flumazenil increases acetylcholine release only in the hippocampus of rats chronically treated with diazepam. Together, these data further differentiate the pharmacology of benzodiazepine receptor full agonists from that of partial and selective agonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245628
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurological improvement in chronic ischemic stroke following surgical brain revascularization (1987)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 8 (1987), S. 465-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Chronic stroke ; surgery of stroke ; surgical brain revascularization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Cinquanta pazienti affetti da ictus ischemico stabilizzato nel territorio carotideo da almeno due mesi (17 ictus lievi, 31 moderati, 2 gravi) sono stati sottoposti ad anastomosi arteriosa microchirugica extra-intracranica. Miglioramento neurologico è stato ottenuto in 43 casi; esso è persistito nel tempo in 40 casi. Una valutazione quantitativa delle capacità motorie, eseguita in 21 pazienti, ha mostrato un’alta significatività del grado di miglioramento. Diversi fattori indicano un rapporto causale tra la rivascolarizzazione chirurgica ed il miglioramento neurologico. La positività del risultato chirurgico è strettamente dipendente dalla corretta selezione dei pazienti e, in particolare, i) dalla documentazione di una insufficienza emodinamica locale e ii) dalla dimostrazione di un miglioramento neurologico transitorio (e, entro certi limiti, elettroencefalografico) sottoponendo il paziente ad ossigenazione iperbarica. Quest’ultimo test consente anche un’attendibile previsione sull’entità del miglioramento minimo che ci si può attendere dal trattamento chirurgico.
    Notes: Abstract 50 patients suffering from completed ischemic stroke in the carotid territory for at least two months (17 mild, 31 moderate, 2 severe strokes) underwent extra-intracranial arterial bypass surgery. Neurological improvement was obtained in 43 cases; it persisted in time in 40 cases. Quantitative evaluation of motor performance in 21 patients showed that the degree of improvement was highly significant. Several factors strongly indicate a causal relation between surgical revascularization and neurological restoration. The positive surgical result is striclty dependent on correct patient selection and, in particular: i) on the documentation of local hemodynamic insufficiency; ii) on the occurrence of transient neurological (and to a certain extent EEG) improvement following hyperbaric oxygenation. The latter can also provide reliable information on the minimum degree of improvement to be expected from surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02334603
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