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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 11 (1981), S. 612-614 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In vivo primed T cells injected into the footpad of naïve recipients elicit a typical delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in the presence of their specific antigen. Serial dilutions of primed T cell populations were used in order to score positive and negative transfers. The values for the footpad swelling obtained after these transfers followed a bimodal distribution. This clear bimodal distribution with no overlapping between positive and negative transfers suggested that a single cell initiates the DTH reaction. Limiting dilutions of cloned T cells transferred with their antigen allowed us to demonstrate that a single cell is able to transfer a specific DTH reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Hepatic steatosis, angiography ; Hepatic steatosis, sonography ; Liver, ultrasound study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract “Skip areas” in focal steatosis describes a newly proposed “subsegmental type” of focal steatosis, which differs in both extent and topography from the more classic “lobar or segmental type” of focal steatosis. In the subsegmental type of steatosis, fatty infiltration can be considered homogeneous through-out the liver, with the exception of small flattened portions of less affected parenchyma, called “ skip areas.” These regions are mainly located in the subcapsular areas or along the interlobar fissures or the gallbladder bed. Observations using ultrasound in vivo, as well as on postmortem in vitro angiograms, suggest that both the extent and topography of these skip areas can be explained by local differences in vascular anatomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Bile ducts, intraluminal tumor ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cystadenoma ; Ultrasound, diagnosis of jaundice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intraluminal growing tumors of the bile duct are uncommon causes of jaundice. The sonographic appearance of 2 hilar cholangiocarcinomas or Klatskin tumors and a benign extrahepatic biliary cystadenoma is described. Compared to contrast studies of the bile ducts, sonography better defined the intraductal character of the neoplasms. However, the ultrasound appearance did not allow differentiation between the adenocarcinomas and the benign cystadenoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 14 (1989), S. 233-237 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Pancreas, ultrasound ; Lipomatosis ; Embryology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A marked difference in echogenicity between the anterior and posterior parts of the pancreatic head was demonstrated by pancreatic ultrasound in 4 patients. This finding could not be related to local pancreatic or peripancreatic pathology. In all patients the dorsal portion of the head, including the uncinate process, appeared less echogenic than the ventral part of the head, body, and tail. The level of demarcation was identical in all 4 cases, coinciding with the expected fusion line of the embryological dorsal and ventral pancreatic origin. Pathology available in 1 patient showed an uneven lipomatosis as an explanation for this hitherto unreported observation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 14 (1989), S. 345-348 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Contrast medium ; CT ; Rectum ; Sigmoid ; Staging rectal tumours ; Water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The use of intrarectally administered plain tap water as a contrast medium for CT scan of the rectum and sigmoid combined with iv iodine contrast medium was prospectively studied in 28 patients. This method allowed correct demonstration of mural wall abnormalities in all patients and therefore represents a simple, inexpensive, and efficient modality for CT study of the rectum and sigmoid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Genetics ; Hair dysplasia ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Uncombable hair syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Metalloporphyrins ; Myocardial infaction ; Necrosis ; MRI ; Contrast media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In previous experiments in tumors we demonstrated that metalloporphyrins are particularly avid for nonviable tumor components. This study was performed to find out wether these agents can be used as MRI contrast agents for the visualization of acute myocardial infarction (MI). A total of 44 rats, 6 normal controls and 38 with occlusive MI (2–24 h old), were used. Gadolinium mesopophyrin (Gd-MP) or manganese totraphenylporphyrin (Mn-TPP) was intravenously injected at doses of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 mmol.kg. Three to 24 h after injection, axial and coronal T1-weighted (TR/TE 300/15 ms) spinecho MR images were obtained before and after killing the animals and correlated with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) histocemical preparations. The Gd-MP content in infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium was measured using inductively coled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) MRI without contrast media could not discern the MI. However, 3–24 h after injection of either Gd-MP or Mn-TPP, the infarcted area was positively stained on MR images. This area matched well witht he negatively TTC-stained area on the heart slices (r = 0.97). The contrast ratios between the infarcted nectrotic myocardium and the noninfarcted regions varied from 150 to 300% depending on the tye of agensts and doses used. Neither false-positive nor false-negative findings were encountered. The metallaporphyrin concentration was more than 10 times higher in the infarcted than in the noninfarcted heart. Metalloporphyrins appear to be promising MRI contrast agents for detection and quantification of necrosis in MI. These preclinical results may open new perspectives in cardiac imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Helical CT ; Blood vessels, CT ; Renal arteries, stenosis ; Renal arteries, CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate whether visual inspection of maximum intensity projection (MIP) images is a reliable method for assessment of the severity of renal artery stenoses (RAS). Therefore, 20 RAS were investigated with helical CT. Native axial images and MIP images were analysed separately or in combination (“two-step method”). A phanton study was performed to investigate the influence of window setting on apparent stenosis severity. Accuracy for diagnosis of 50–69% and 70–99% RAS and the mean inter-observer agreement were 82.5%, 77.5% and 82.5% respectively, using study of MIP images alone, and 100%, 97.5% and 95% using the “two-step method”. The phantom study showed that the apparent severity of vascular stenoses on MIP images depends on the selected window centre values. It is concluded that combined evaluation of both MIP images and native axial images is more reliable than study of MIP images alone for assessing the severity of RAS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 1099-1105 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Aorta ; Pulmonary arteries ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Several excellent imaging modalities are available for studying the great vessels of the chest noninvasively. Besides computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography (in particular the transesophageal approach) can accurately depict abnormalities of the thoracic vasculature, and are a valuable substitute for contrast angiography in most circumstances. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the current contribution of CT and MRI to the diagnosis of great vessel pathology of the chest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Digital radiography ; Computer systems ; Computer-assisted diagnosis ; Image processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we compare a semi-automated delineation method with totally manual delineation for area quantification, with respect to efficiency, quality, and intra- and interobserver variability. Liver lesions on 28 CT images were delineated by three observers, twice using completely manual delineation and twice using a semi-automated method. Quantitative comparisons were performed with respect to delineated area and time required for the delineation tasks. Subjective comparisons were performed with respect to efficiency and perceived quality of the semi-automated method. The areas obtained using semi-automated delineation were significantly smaller (11 %) than those obtained using totally manual delineation. Intraobserver and interobserver variability with the semi-automated method were approximately three times lower than with manual delineation. Efficiency of the semi-automated method was subjectively rated favorable, although further improvements are possible. With respect to quality, the semi-automated method was ranked better than the manual method in 73 % of cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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