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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of (pentafluorosulfur)acetylenes (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 101 (1979), S. 737-738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00497a042
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of pentafluoro[(trifluoromethyl)acetylenyl]sulfur with nickel tetracarbonyl (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 21 (1982), S. 457-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00131a091
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segmentation in the crustacean Artemia: engrailed staining studied with an antibody raised against the Artemia protein (1996)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 205 (1996), S. 424-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Artemia ; Crustacea ; engrailed ; Parasegment ; Segmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the process of post-embryonic segmentation in the anostracan crustacean Artemia franciscana using a specific antibody raised against the engrailed protein of this organism. Three cephalic segments are specified during embryonic development, before larval hatching, whilst trunk (thoracic) segmentation begins after the first stage free-swimming nauplius larva has emerged from the dormant cyst. Thus, cephalic and trunk segmentation seem to be at least in part independent and superimposed processes. Trunk stripes of engrailed expression are added one at a time as segments are generated from the posterior growth zone. The first detectable decision in engrailed expression is the establishment of a line of engrailed-expressing cells, interpretable as delineating the parasegmental boundary. The subsequent widening of engrailed stripes is not correlated with cell lineage events but is probably mediated by the combination of inheritance of the active state and recruitment of new cells into the engrailed-expressing stripe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377222
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Verona diabetes study: a population-based survey on known diabetes mellitus prevalence and 5-year all-cause mortality (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 318-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; epidemiology ; mortality ; population survey ; therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This population-based survey aimed to determine the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus on 31 December 1986, and to assess all-cause mortality in the subsequent 5 years (1987–1991) in Verona, Italy. In the study of prevalence, 5996 patients were identified by three independent sources: family physicians, diabetes clinics, and drug prescriptions for diabetes. Mortality was assessed by matching all death certificates of Verona in 1987–1991 with the diabetic cohort. Overall diabetes prevalence was 2.61% (95% confidence interval 2.56–2.67). Prevalence of insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was 0.069% (0.059–0.078) and 2.49% (2.43–2.54), respectively. Diabetes prevalence sharply increased after age 35 years up to age 75–79, and finally declined. Prevalence was higher in men up to age 69 years, in women after age 75 years. Of the diabetic cohort 1260 patients (592 men, 668 women) died by 31 December 1991, yielding an overall standardized mortality ratio of 1.46 (CI 1.38–1.54). Even though the differences narrowed with age, mortality rates in the diabetic cohort were higher than in the non-diabetic population at all ages. Women aged 65–74 years showed observed/expected ratio higher than men (2.27, CI 1.92–2.66, vs 1.50, CI 1.30–1.72), while in other age groups the sex-related differences were not significant. Pharmacological treatment of diabetes was associated with an excess mortality, while treatment with diet alone showed an apparent protective effect on mortality (observed/expected ratio 0.73, CI 0.58–0.92). In conclusion, in Verona diabetes has a prevalence similar to that of other European countries, and is associated with an excess mortality which is observed in both sexes, at all ages, and with any anti-diabetic pharmacologic treatment. Diet-treated diabetes seems to be associated with a significant reduction in the mortality risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400637
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term instability of fasting plasma glucose predicts mortality in elderly NIDDM patients: the Verona Diabetes Study (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 672-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; elderly ; hyperglycaemia ; glucose control.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate whether long-term glucose control, as assessed by fasting plasma glucose determinations during 3 years, is a predictor of all-cause mortality in elderly NIDDM patients. Five hundred and sixty-six NIDDM patients attending the Verona Diabetes Clinic, aged 75 years and over, were followed-up from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 1991 to assess all-cause mortality. From their clinical records all fasting plasma glucose determinations available for the years 1984 to 1986 were collected and analysed. Patients were grouped in tertiles according to mean (M-FPG), coefficient of variation (CV-FPG) and trend over time (slope, S-FPG) of fasting plasma glucose during the period of retrospective evaluation. Mortality was assessed by observed/expected ratios, univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Poisson regression model. By 31 December 1991, 61 men and 127 women had died. Increased observed/expected ratios were found in women from the top M-FPG tertile, in patients (men and women) from the top CV-FPG tertile and in patients with a S-FPG less than –0.30 mmol/l per year (lowest tertile). Patients in the lowest tertile of CV-FPG and in the middle tertile of S-FPG had a reduced mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with high CV-FPG as well as those in tertiles I and III of S-FPG (i.e., those with a definitely negative or definitely positive slope) had an increased probability of dying, without any significant differences between the three tertiles of M-FPG. Poisson regression model showed that CV-FPG, but not M-FPG or S-FPG, was an independent significant predictor of mortality. These results suggest that glucose stability needs to be considered along with the absolute level of metabolic control when treating elderly NIDDM patients. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 672–679]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401838
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term instability of fasting plasma glucose predicts mortality in elderly NIDDM patients: the Verona Diabetes Study (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 672-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; elderly ; hyperglycaemia ; glucose control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate whether long-term glucose control, as assessed by fasting plasma glucose determinations during 3 years, is a predictor of all-cause mortality in elderly NIDDM patients. Five hundred and sixty-six NIDDM patients attending the Verona Diabetes Clinic, aged 75 years and over, were followed-up from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 1991 to assess all-cause mortality. From their clinical records all fasting plasma glucose determinations available for the years 1984 to 1986 were collected and analysed. Patients were grouped in tertiles according to mean (M-FPG), coefficient of variation (CV-FPG) and trend over time (slope, S-FPG) of fasting plasma glucose during the period of retrospective evaluation. Mortality was assessed by observed/expected ratios, univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Poisson regression model. By 31 December 1991, 61 men and 127 women had died. Increased observed/expected ratios were found in women from the top M-FPG tertile, in patients (men and women) from the top CV-FPG tertile and in patients with a S-FPG less than −0.30 mmol/l per year (lowest tertile). Patients in the lowest tertile of CV-FPG and in the middle tertile of S-FPG had a reduced mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with high CV-FPG as well as those in tertiles I and III of S-FPG (i.e., those with a definitely negative or definitely positive slope) had an increased probability of dying, without any significant differences between the three tertiles of M-FPG. Poisson regression model showed that CV-FPG, but not M-FPG or S-FPG, was an independent significant predictor of mortality. These results suggest that glucose stability needs to be considered along with the absolute level of metabolic control when treating elderly NIDDM patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401838
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Verona diabetes study: a population-based survey on known diabetes mellitus prevalence and 5-year all-cause mortality (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 318-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes mellitus ; epidemiology ; mortality ; population survey ; therapy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This population-based survey aimed to determine the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus on 31 December 1986, and to assess all-cause mortality in the subsequent 5 years (1987–1991) in Verona, Italy. In the study of prevalence, 5996 patients were identified by three independent sources: family physicians, diabetes clinics, and drug prescriptions for diabetes. Mortality was assessed by matching all death certificates of Verona in 1987–1991 with the diabetic cohort. Overall diabetes prevalence was 2.61 % (95 % confidence interval 2.56–2.67). Prevalence of insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was 0.069 % (0.059–0.078) and 2.49 % (2.43–2.54), respectively. Diabetes prevalence sharply increased after age 35 years up to age 75–79, and finally declined. Prevalence was higher in men up to age 69 years, in women after age 75 years. Of the diabetic cohort 1260 patients (592 men, 668 women) died by 31 December 1991, yielding an overall standardized mortality ratio of 1.46 (CI 1.38–1.54). Even though the differences narrowed with age, mortality rates in the diabetic cohort were higher than in the non-diabetic population at all ages. Women aged 65–74 years showed observed/expected ratio higher than men (2.27, CI 1.92–2.66, vs 1.50, CI 1.30–1.72), while in other age groups the sex-related differences were not significant. Pharmacological treatment of diabetes was associated with an excess mortality, while treatment with diet alone showed an apparent protective effect on mortality (observed/expected ratio 0.73, CI 0.58–0.92). In conclusion, in Verona diabetes has a prevalence similar to that of other European countries, and is associated with an excess mortality which is observed in both sexes, at all ages, and with any anti-diabetic pharmacologic treatment. Diet-treated diabetes seems to be associated with a significant reduction in the mortality risk. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 318–325]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400637
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny of the calcium binding protein parvalbumin in the rat nervous system (1991)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 184 (1991), S. 103-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ca2+ ; Visuomotor system ; Vestibular system ; Somatosensory system ; GABA-interneurons ; Neuronal marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the adult rat brain, the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin is preferentially associated with spontaneously fast-firing, metabolically active neurons and coexists with gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) in cortical inhibitory interneurons. Whether this is so in developing neurons has not been explored. To this end, we have used parvalbumin immunohistochemistry to study expression of this protein in the rat nervous system during pre- and postnatal life. Our results indicate that parvalbumin first appears at embryonic day 13 in sensory system of the spinal cord, in the vestibular (VIII), the trigeminal (V) and the visuomotor (III, IV VI) systems, and develops rapidly during the following days. In these locations the expression of parvalbumin coincides with the beginning of physiological activity in nerve cells. In the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing interneurons of the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, as well as in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, parvalbumin only appears postnatally. It lags behind the development of GABA-immunoreactivity by 1 to 2 weeks. The beginning of its expression, in the cerebellum at least, coincides with the arrival of excitatory synaptic input and the onset of spontaneous activity. Thus, during the development of the nervous system, the expression of parvalbumin is subordinate to the establishment of physiological activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00942742
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny of the calcium binding protein calbindin D-28k in the rat nervous system (1987)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 177 (1987), S. 15-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Nervous system ; Ca2+ ; Calcium binding proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Calbindin D-28k immunoreactivity appeared at embryonal day 14 (E14) in the central nervous system as well as in the sensory organs and at E15 in the peripheral nervous system of the rat. At E14 the infundibular process of the diencephalon, cells of the posterior hypothalamus and of the dorsal thalamus were the only structures strongly immunostained in the brain, whereas neurons of the basal plate of the spinal cord, medulla oblongata and of the out-ermost layer of the cerebral cortex were only faintly labeled. Calbindin positive cerebellar Purkinje cells could be discerned at E15 together with a few cells in the hippocampus and in ganglia of the cranial nerves. At E19 various mesencephalic and metencephalic structures, spinal ganglion cells and basal ganglia displayed calbindin immunoreactive cells. The adult pattern of calbindin immunoreactivity (Garcia Segura et al. 1984) was reached before birth in most brain regions. In general, cells which displayed calbindin during brain development were also calbindin positive in the adult animal. Exceptions to this rule were cells of the deep nuclei of the cerebellum and non-neuronal cells which transiently expressed calbindin during development. Calbindin appeared in a given brain region almost invariably 1 or 2 days after the cessation of cell division and the beginning of neuronal migration and extension of neuronal processes. The calcium binding protein calbindin might influence these Ca2+-dependent processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325286
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parvalbumin and calretinin in the avian thymus (1993)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 188 (1993), S. 339-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Chick ; Thymus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Calretinin ; Parvalbumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The avian thymic hormone, known to support the maturation of T-lymphocytes, is biochemically similar to parvalbumin. However, its exact cellular distribution in the thymus is unknown. We have therefore studied the occurrence of parvalbumin and other related calcium-binding proteins in this organ by immunohistochemistry during development and after hatching. Parvalbumin immunoreactivity appears in the epithelial cells on embryonic day 9, and is expressed in the cortical reticular cells in the adult. Calretinin is found in the clusters of medullary epithelial cells from embryonic day 11, whereas calbindin D-28k is absent from this organ. Thus, calcium binding-proteins are excellent markers for different compartments of the avian thymus in embryonic life and after hatching, and their expression seems to coincide with their functional maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185943
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