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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of three silver stains for demonstrating neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in brain tissue stored for long periods (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 566-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibrillary tangles ; Neuritic plaques ; Alzhemer's disease ; Comparison of silver stains ; Old material
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three methods were compared to find a reliable method for demonstrating neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuritic plaques (NPs) in brain tissue stored for long periods in formalin or as paraffin blocks. The short-term fixation of tissue, e.g. up to 6 months in formalin does not usually present a problem using any of the three methods tried, e.g. Gallyas, modified Palmgren, or modified Bielschowsky, but once the time lengthens to 6 years or more the demonstration of NFTs and NPs is not so reliable using the first two methods. The modified Bielschowsky method, however, demonstrates well both NFTs and NPs in material stored in formalin or as paraffin blocks for long periods, e.g. 7 years, and also compares favourably with the other methods on freshly processed material and fixed tissue, stored for shorter periods. We also noted as a consistent trend, irrespective of the staining technique employed, the detection of fewer plaques and tangles in material stored in formalin, as opposed to that stored as blocks embedded in paraffin wax.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296118
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recognition of relapse in schizophrenic outpatients
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Schizophrenia Research 2 (1989), S. 209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0920-9964
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0920-9964(89)90245-4
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of family management of patient stabilization
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Schizophrenia Research 2 (1989), S. 224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0920-9964
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0920-9964(89)90260-0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of mite-impermeable mattress encasings and an educational package on the development of allergies in a multinational randomized, controlled birth-cohort study – 24 months results of the Study of Prevention of Allergy in Children in Europe (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) is an important risk factor for the development of asthma and allergic disease in childhood. Higher levels of HDM allergen are linked to increased sensitization to HDM.Objective To study the effect of mite-impermeable mattress encasings and an educational package on the development of allergies in a newborn cohort.Methods Six hundred and ninety-six newborns at high risk of developing allergies were enrolled in three European countries (Germany, Austria, UK) in a prospective, randomized, controlled birth-cohort study. Children were randomly assigned to an intervention and control group. Intervention measures included the use of mite-impermeable mattress encasings for the child's bed and a simple educational package on allergen avoidance. The control group received basic information about allergies. Children were followed up at age 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.Results 80.9% of the children were followed up to the age of 24 months. No difference in the prevalence of sensitization to HDM (control vs. intervention group: 8.4% vs. 6.1%, P=0.33) or the development of symptoms (recurrent wheezing 10.3% vs. 10.7%, nocturnal cough 12.5% vs. 12.5%) or allergic diseases (asthma 3.5% vs. 5.1%, eczema 20.0% vs. 19.6%, rhinitis 28.9% vs. 25.8%) could be found between the control and intervention group.Conclusion In this study, HDM avoidance did not show a protective effect on the development of sensitization to HDM or symptomatic allergy in children at age 24 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02024.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of sensitization to house dust mite by allergen avoidance in school age children: a randomized controlled study (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Sensitization to dust mites predisposes to asthma and allergic rhinitis, and prevention of this sensitization might reduce the rising prevalence of these disorders.Objective To test the effectiveness of dust mite avoidance measures on the development of sensitization to dust mites in children.Methods As part of a multicentre study (Study of Prevention of Allergy in Children of Europe), 242 children, aged 5–7 years, in three European countries (United Kingdom, Greece and Lithuania), were randomized to prophylactic group (n = 127) and control group (n = 115). At randomization these children were required to have a family history of atopy and positive skin test to an aeroallergen but not to house dust mite. Children in the prophylactic group were provided with dust mite impermeable mattress covers and advice on environmental measures to reduce exposure to dust-mite allergen. Control group children were given non-specific advice. After 12 months a standardized questionnaire was completed and skin prick tests were performed.Results Ten children in the prophylactic group and 19 in the control group were lost to follow-up. Three of 117 (2.56%) children in the prophylactic group and nine of 96 (9.38%) in the control group developed sensitization to dust mites. Logistic regression analysis confirmed an independent effect of prophylactic measures (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03–0.79, P = 0.03). Fifteen children need to be treated to prevent sensitization in one child.Conclusion Dust mite sensitization can be reduced in school age children with simple mite avoidance measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01378.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro stability and immunoreactivity of the native and recombinant plant food 2S albumins Ber e 1 and SFA-8 (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The ability of an intact protein to reach the circulatory system may be a prerequisite to allergenicity and many allergens, particularly those from plant foods, have been found to be consistently more resistant to digestion by pepsin than other proteins.Objective This study assessed the pepsinolytic stability of native 2S albumins from Brazil nut and sunflower seed and their recombinant versions produced in Pichia pastoris. The physicochemical stability of native and recombinant Brazil nut 2S albumins and recombinant sunflower seed 2S albumin was also assessed. The immunoreactivity of native Brazil nut 2S albumin and recombinant 2S albumins was compared using serum from patients allergic to Brazil nuts and animals immunized with native 2S albumins.Methods Digestibility was measured in simulated gastric fluid followed by SDS-PAGE. Circular dichroism spectra were used to analyse unfolding, as proteins were denatured by temperature, pH and guanidinium chloride. Immunoreactivity was assessed by immunoblot, RAST and ELISA.Results Brazil nut 2S albumin was significantly more resistant to proteolytic digestion than other Brazil nut proteins. It was also resistant to thermally and chemically induced denaturation. Equally high resistance to proteolytic digestion was observed with sunflower seed 2S albumin. The recombinant albumins mirrored their native counterparts in stability and immunoreactivity.Conclusion The important food allergen Brazil nut 2S albumin is as stable to digestion as is sunflower seed 2S albumin, whose allergenicity has yet to be determined. The 2S albumins and their recombinant counterparts could not be easily denatured by physicochemical treatments. The results suggest that 2S albumin is the only Brazil nut protein to reach the gut immune system intact. The production of properly folded recombinant proteins will facilitate mechanistic studies as well as diagnostic testing and antigen-based therapies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01736.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of wheezing phenotypes in the first 10 years of life (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Childhood wheezing illnesses are characterized into different phenotypes. However, severity of the disease associated with these phenotypes has not been extensively studied.Objectives To determine characteristics of childhood wheezing phenotypes in the first decade of life using health outcomes plus measurements of atopy, lung function and bronchial hyper-responsiveness.Methods A whole population birth cohort (n = 1456) was prospectively studied to examine the natural history of childhood wheezing. Children were seen at 1, 2, 4 and 10 years for questionnaire completion and prospectively collected data used to define wheezing phenotypes. Assessment was made of adverse health outcomes plus spirometry, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, serum IgE measurement at 10 years and skin test sensitization at both 4 and 10 years for wheezing phenotypes.Results Phenotypic analysis identified that 37% early life wheezers (symptom onset by age 4 years) still wheezed at 10 years. These persistent wheezers showed significantly more physician-diagnosed asthma in early life (P 〈 0.005 at 2 years) than early transient wheezers (wheezing transiently with onset by age 4 years). Overall they experienced greater multiple hospital admissions (P = 0.024), specialist referral (P = 0.009) and use of inhaled (P 〈 0.001) and oral steroids (P 〈 0.001) than early transient wheezers. They also demonstrated enhanced bronchial hyper-responsiveness compared with early transient wheezers (P 〈 0.001). However, both groups of early life wheezers showed impairment of baseline lung function at 10 years in comparison with non-wheezers: FEV1 (P 〈 0.029) and FEV1/FVC ratio (P 〈 0.001) with persistent wheeze and PEF (P = 0.036) with early transient wheeze. Late-onset wheezers (onset from 5 years onwards) had similar BHR to persistent wheezers but maintained normal lung function at age 10 and had lower cumulative prevalence of adverse health outcomes than persistent wheezers.Conclusions Persistent wheezing with early childhood onset is associated with substantial morbidity in the first decade of life in association with high levels of atopy, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and impaired lung function at 10 years of age. Late-onset wheezing in the first decade of life could harbour potential for similarly significant disease subsequently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01657.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitization to Alternaria and Cladosporium by the age of 4 years (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Of 1218 children born on the Isle of Wight in 1989/90, and followed for atopy at age 4 years, 981 were skin-prick tested witha battery of allergens. Of these 61 (6%) reacted positively to Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum (47 to Alternaria, 21 to Cladosporium and seven to both). Twenty-four (39%) were asymptomatic (latent atopy) of which 12 had a single positive reaction either to Alternaria or Cladosporium. Asthma was the most common disease in children sensitized to moulds, Alternaria sensitization correlated positively with clinical diagnosis of asthma (P 〈 0.01), eczema (P 〈0.001) and rhinitis (P 〈0.05), Likewise, Cladosporium sensitivity correlated with a diagnoses of asthma, eczema and rhinitis (all P 〈0.05). Age of the house correlated with reported damp and lack of central heating (both P 〈0.001), but not with sensitization to moulds. An association between the presence of damp or age of the house and mould allergy was confounded by 21 children moving house in the first 4 years. Exposure to pets, passive tobacco smoking and season of birth had no bearing on mould sensitivity. At 4 years of age Alternaria and Cladosporium were the third most common causes of sensitization, i.e. after house dust mite and grass pollen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00610.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors Influencing Pre-emergence Mortality in Peas (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 17 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Seedling emergence of 25 samples of wrinkle-seeded peas (Pisum sativum L.) was determined in unsterilized soil and sterilized sand at 15°C in the laboratory, and in a spring sowing in the field. Seed exudate from the seed samples was examined by steeping seed in water for 24 hours and measuring the electrical conductivity of the steep water and its soluble carbohydrate content. Significant correlations were found between the amount of exudation and the number of viable seed in the test samples (negative) and between the amount of exudation and the predisposition of the viable seed to pre-emergence mortality (positive). Samples containing a large proportion of seed that readily exuded into steep water showed poor emergence in soil, both in the laboratory and in the field. Pythium spp. were isolated from ungerminated seeds taken from the field and laboratory soil.The role of exudates in stimulating fungal pathogens in soil is discussed as a possible explanation for the association between exudation and predisposition to pre-emergence mortality. A routine test for indicating seed samples of potentially low field emergence is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1968.tb00407.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active skarn formation beneath Lascar Volcano, northern Chile: a petrographic and geochemical study of xenoliths in eruption products (1996)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Calcsilicate xenoliths occur in large numbers in some lavas and pyroclastic flows of Lascar Volcano. Their whole-rock major element and REE compositions indicate that the protolith was the Upper Cretaceous Yacoraite Formation, which crops out extensively in NW Argentina. The whole-rock major element compositions of the xenoliths fall into specific groups suggesting a strong geochemical zonation in the skarn zone. Three geochemical zones have been identified; (1) an outer metamorphic zone rich in wollastonite; (2) a middle zone rich in pyroxene and garnet; (3) an inner zone rich in pyroxene and magnetite. The two innermost zones have developed from the wollastonite zone by infiltration of metasomatic fluids rich in Fe, Mn, Mg, Ti and Al. Whole-rock REE patterns have not changed significantly during prograde metamorphism and metasomatism, indicating REE immobility in the altering fluids. Retrograde alteration by acid-sulphate fluids produced anhydrite skarns and secondary calcite and wilkeite veins in the wollastonite zone. The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of this calcite indicate that it formed by Rayleigh crystallization from a low-temperature (〈200 °C) fluid containing dissolved H2CO3. The calculated δ18O of the water in this fluid suggests a magmatic origin whereas the calculated δ13C of the dissolved carbonate is consistent with derivation from rocks of the Yacoraite Formation at 350 °C. It is suggested that the magmatic acid-sulphate fluid was responsible for leaching carbonate from the surrounding carbonate rocks and redepositing it in the skarn zone. REEs were mobilized during the retrograde acid-sulphate and acid-carbonate alteration. A negative Ce anomaly associated with this carbonate and sulphate indicates high oxygen fugacities in the mineralizing fluids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.00359.x
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