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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioactive peptides encrypted in milk proteins: proteolytic activation and thropho-functional properties (1999)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 76 (1999), S. 207-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: bioactive peptides ; functional foods ; lactic acid bacteria ; milk proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The bioactivities of peptides encrypted in major milk proteins are latent until released and activated by enzymatic proteolysis, e.g. during gastrointestinal digestion or food processing. The proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria can contribute to the liberation of bioactive peptides. In vitro, the purified cell wall proteinase of Lactococcus lactis was shown to liberate oligopeptides from β- and α-caseins which contain amino acid sequences present in casomorphins, casokinines, and immunopeptides. The further degradation of these peptides by endopeptidases and exopeptidases of lactic acid bacteria could lead to the liberation of bioactive peptides in fermented milk products. However, the sequences of practically all known biologically active peptides can also be cleaved by peptidases from lactic acid bacteria. Activated peptides are potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body: Opioid peptides are opioid receptor ligands which can modulate ab sorption processes in the intestinal tract, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides are hemodynamic regulators and exert an antihypertensive effect, immunomodulating casein peptides stimulate the activities of cells of the immune system, antimicrobial peptides kill sensitive microorganisms, antithrombotic peptides inhibit aggregation of platelets and caseinophosphopeptides may function as carriers for different minerals, especially calcium. Bioactive peptides can interact with target sites at the luminal side of the intestinal tract. Furthermore, they can be absorbed and then reach peripheral organs. Food-derived bioactive peptides are claimed to be health enhancing components which can be used for functional food and pharmaceutical preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002063805780
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuropsychologischer Screeningtest (NST) (2000)
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 2 (2000), S. 352-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Hirntrauma ; Kognitives Defizit ; Neuropsychologie ; Testmethoden ; Keywords ; Brain trauma ; Cognitive deficit ; Neuropsychology ; Test methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: In patients suffering from structural brain damage, one should definitely ask whether their exceptional behavior is a sign of a cognitive deficit and whether it is related to the trauma. Only specialized psychologists will ultimately be capable of giving valid answers to these questions. However, we have developed the Neuropsychological Screening Test (NST) with the aim of improving the management of such patients by incorporating basic cognitive diagnostic tools into the repertoire of clinicians. It was designed to support clinicians with a simple but reliable tool for the initial cognitive examination. It is a standardized and scored test. The results obtained so far with the test substantiate its value as a tool for clinicians to use in deciding whether specific diagnostic investigation and further therapy are indicated. A prospective study involving 156 neurosurgical patients and 52 control persons was performed to check the validity and reliability of the test battery. The NST achieved a highly significant differentiation between patients and controls and also detected specific cognitive syndromes.
    Notes: Bei Patienten mit Schädel-Hirn-Traumen tritt häufig die Frage auf, ob eine subjektiv empfundene Verhaltensauffälligkeit Krankheitswert hat und ggf. auf das erlittene Trauma zurückzuführen ist. Diese Frage lässt sich letztlich nur durch einen Kognitionspsychologen valide beantworten. Um ein einfaches und zuverlässiges Werkzeug für den Zweck der Erstuntersuchung zu erhalten, wurde von uns der neuropsychologische Screeningtest (NST) entwickelt. Er ist eine hypothesengeleitete Form einer neuropsychologischen Eingangsuntersuchung in standardisierter und gescorter Form. Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass er ein brauchbares Werkzeug für Kliniker ist, um gezielt die Indikationen für weiterführende neuropsychologische Untersuchungen zu begründen. In einer prospektiven Studie mit 156 neurochirurgischen Patienten und 52 Kontrollpersonen wurden die Validität und die Reliabilität des NST untersucht. Der NST ist in der Lage, Patienten- und Kontrollgruppen mit hoher Signifikanz zu differenzieren. Er ist des Weiteren in der Lage, spezifische neuropsychologische Syndrome aufzudecken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100390000316
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine neue Methode zur Darstellung langkettiger Carbonsäuren, X. Mitteil.IX. Mitteil.: H. Stetter u. H. Figge, Chem. Ber. 87, 1331 [1954].: Darstellung β-dimethyl-verzweigter Carbonsäuren (1954)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 87 (1954), S. 1617-1621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das ursprünglich für Dihydroresorcin ausgearbeitete Verfahren wurde auf Dimedon übertragen. Durch Kondensation von Dimedon mit Benzylchlorid und Bromessigester wurden die entsprechenden C-alkylierten Dimedone erhalten, die bei der reduktiven Säurespaltung 2.2-Dimethyl-6-phenyl-hexan-carbonsäure-(1) und β,β-Dimethyl-korksäure ergaben. Durch reduktive Säurespaltung von Methylen-bis-dimedon wurde ferner β,β,β′,β′-Tetramethyl-brassylsäure erhalten. β,β-Dimethyl-azelainsäure bildete sich durch reduktive Säurespaltung des Michael-Adduktes von Dimedon an Acrylsäureester.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19540871102
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine neue Methode zur Darstellung langkettiger Carbonsäuren, (XIII). Herstellung β-Verzweigter Carbonsäuren (1957)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 90 (1957), S. 2928-2932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine Reihe von β-verzweigten Mono- und Dicarbonsäuren, ausgehend von l-Methyl-cyclohexandion-(3.5), l-Phenyl-cyclohexandion-(3.5) und Cyclohexandion-(3.5)-carbonsäure-(1), nach der früher beschriebenen Methode hergestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19570901231
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die polykondensation von tripeptiden nach der „Eintopfmethode“ (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 166 (1973), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The paper describes the polycondensation of L-prolyl-L-alanyl-glycine with two other analogous tripeptides by activated esters formed in a “one pot” procedure. The best results are obtained with the ester of 3-hydroxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1,2,3-benzotriazine. By short time condensation the hexapeptide is formed preferably and can be isolated.
    Notes: Es wird die Polykondensation von L-Prolyl-L-alanyl-glycin und 2 analogen Tripeptiden mit Hilfe aktivierter Ester nach Art einer “Eintopfmethode” beschrieben. Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Ester von 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1,2,3-benzotriazin. Aus kurzzeitigen Kondensationen läßt sich das Hexapeptid isolieren.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1973.021660101
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical properties of regulatory peptides derived from mil proteins (1997)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 43 (1997), S. 119-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: bioactive peptides ; milk proteins ; functional foods ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Biologically active peptides derived from milk proteins are inactive within the sequence of the precursor proteins but can be released by enzymatic proteolysis. Based on structure-activity studies, peptides with a defined bioactivity show common structural features. Moreover, many milk protein-derived peptides reveal multifunctional bioactivities.Bioactive peptide fragments originating from milk proteins should be taken into account as potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body. Opioid peptides are opioid receptor ligands with agonistic or antagonistic activities. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides can exert an antihypertensive effect. Immunomodulating casein peptides have been found to stimulate the proliferation of human lymphocytes and the phagocytic activities of macrophages. Antimicrobial peptides have been shown to kill sensitive microorganisms. Antithrombotic peptides inhibit the fibrinogen binding to a specific receptor region on the platelet surface and also inhibit aggregation of platelets. Casein phosphopeptides can form soluble organophosphate salts and may function as carriers for different minerals, especially calcium. In relation to their mode of action, bioactive peptides may reach target sites (e.g., receptors, enzymes) at the luminal side of the intestinal tract or, after absorption, in peripheral organs.The physiological significance of bioactive peptides as exogenous regulatory substances is not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, several bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins have been shown to exert beneficial physiological effects. Milk-derived peptides were already produced on an industrial scale and as a consequence these peptides have been considered for application both as dietary supplements in “functional foods” and as drugs. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 43: 119-128, 1997
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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