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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hallervorden-Spatz-Krankheit (HSD) ; präsenile Demenz ; MRT ; paramagnetische Substanzen ; Globus pallidus ; Key words Hallervorden-Spatz-Disease (HSD) ; Early onset dementia ; MRI ; Paramagnetic substances ; Globus pallidus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We report the history of a 38 year old patient who began to develop mental deterioration at the age of 26. After a time of 7 years neurological signs like writing dystonia occured. Hallervorden-Spatz-Desease (HSD) was diagnosed at the age of 36 in vivo with the clinical presentation of severe dystonia, rigidity, dementia, and typical signal loss in the globus-pallidus the reticular part of the substantia nigra, and the nucleus ruber in the T-2 weighted MRI. The „eye-of-the-tiger”-sign, a bilateral hyperintensity in the rostral globus pallidus, was not observed in follow-up examinations. HSD is a rare autosomal-recessive or sporadic disease of unknown etiology. In one third of the patients a dementing process is the first clinical sign of the disorder, and is a rare differential diagnosis of early onset dementia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten von einem 38jährigen Patienten, der im Alter von 26 Jahren eine progressive Demenz entwickelte. Erst nach einem Krankheitsverlauf von 7 Jahren kam es zur Manifestation eines rasch progredienten, dystonen Syndroms bis hin zur Immobilität im Alter von 36 Jahren. Die Diagnose der Hallervorden-Spatz-Erkrankung (HSD) wurde aufgrund des klinischen Bildes im Spätstadium der Erkrankung mit schwerster Demenz, Dystonie und Rigidität in Zusammenschau mit den typischen Signalauslöschungen in der T2-gewichteten MRT im Globus pallidus, dem Nucleus ruber und dem retikulären Anteil der Substantia nigra gestellt. Das „Eye-of-the-tiger”-Zeichen, eine bilaterale Signalhyperintensität im rostralen Anteil des Globus pallidus, wurde, auch bei Verlaufsuntersuchungen, nicht gefunden. Die Hallervorden-Spatz-Erkrankung ist ein autosomal-rezessiv oder sporadisch auftretendes Krankheitsbild ungeklärter Ätiologie. Da sich bei einem Drittel der Patienten mnestische Störungen im Kurz- und Langzeitgedächnis als Erstsymptom manifestieren, stellt die HSD eine seltene Differentialdiagnose eines präsenilen Demenzsyndroms dar. In der diagnostischen Beurteilung kommt der Magnetresonanztomographie eine wesentliche Bedeutung zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 249 (1999), S. 305-312 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Key words Corpus callosum ; Schizophrenia ; MRI ; Etiology of schizophrenia ; Family history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous MRI studies have shown differences in corpus callosum size between schizophrenic patients and controls. The corpus callosum (CC), as the main interhemispheric fiber tract, plays an important role in interhemispheric integration and communication. Though MRI studies suggest smaller CC in schizophrenia, there are still conflicting findings. Using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging, it was investigated whether the midsagittal area of CC differs between twenty-three right-handed male schizophrenic patients and twenty-three matched controls. Total CC area, five subregions of CC, total brain volume, gray and white matter were measured. No differences between schizophrenic patients and controls were found regarding all CC measurements, total brain volume, and gray matter tissue. However, a significant reduction of white matter tissue in the patient group emerged. There was no correlation between CC morphology and clinical variables such as age of onset, length of illness or symptom severity. Interestingly, five schizophrenic patients with a positive family history of schizophrenia showed significant reduction of the subregion C3, associated with a reduced total brain and gray and white matter volume. Significant reduction in the CC and its subregions was not confirmed in this group of patients with schizophrenia. In the subgroup of schizophrenic patients with a positive family history of schizophrenia, a significant reduction of the subregion corresponding to a part of the trunk of the CC was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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