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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel device for the assessment of shear effects on suspended microbial cultures (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 30 (1989), S. 190-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A novel device has been designed for the evaluation of the effects of shear on microorganisms. The device consists of a combination of a coaxial cylinder plus cone and plate viscometers and enables cultures of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms to be grown under fully defined and controlled fluid dynamic characteristics for serveral generations. In the preliminary tests performed a change in cell length was observed in Escherichia coli, and with Penicillium chrysogenum the septal length, hyphal diameter, and branching frequency all changes as shear was increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264010
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentric-tube airlift reactors: Effects of geometrical design on performance (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1105-1117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pressure drops, gas holdup, and mass-transfer coefficients were measured in two concentric-tube airlift reactors of 30 and 300 L (nominal volume). The aspect ratio and the ratio of riser to downcomer cross section were the same for both reactors, but the geometry of the gas separation section was different. The influence of the bottom and top clearances was studied using water and carboxymethyl cellulose solutions and covering a range of effective viscosity from 10-3 to 25 × 10-3 Pa·s. The pressure drop results expressed as a Euler number were satisfactorily correlated with Fr, Ga, and a bubble disengagement group M. Correlations are presented also for the gas holdup in the riser, downcomer, and gas separator. The last-mentioned coincides with the correlation for the total holdup in the reactor. The gas-liquid mass-transfer coefficients for all the liquids and geometric variables in both reactors were successfully correlated as Sherwood numbers.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400703
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A note on the film - penetration model for mass transfer with first order chemical reaction (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1243-1245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170535
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Air-lift reactor analysis: Interrelationships between riser, downcomer, and gas-liquid separator behavior, including gas recirculation effects (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1585-1596 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An approach to air-lift reactor analysis is presented that examines the three parts of the air-lift - the riser, downcomer, and gas-liquid separator - as three interconnected and interrelated elements. Downcomer flow configurations are described and characterized by either straight or oscillating bubble flow patterns. The downcomer gas flow rate is determined using a two-sparger system, and a correlation is presented relating the downcomer superficial gas velocity to the downcomer gas holdup. Gas recirculation is calculated and related to the geometric and operating conditions of the gas-liquid separator. It is shown that an increase in residence time in the gas-liquid separator decreases the gas recirculation rate. Correlations are presented relating gas holdup and liquid velocities to superficial gas velocity.A sparger was added near the entrance of the downcomer, in addition to the conventional placement near the entrance of the riser. Results of such a two-sparger system are discussed in relation to reactor stability and liquid velocities.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690321002
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Monod equation and mass transfer (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: mass transfer ; Monod equation ; growth rate ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An alternative interpretation of the growth rate-substrate concentration dependence is presented. This is based on the assumption that the main factors affecting growth rate are transfer of substrate from the medium and the maximum growth velocity, which is that observed when no substrate limitations occur. This approach allows the approximate prediction of one of the two kinetic constants required, and may be of great use, especially for continuous cultures. It is the first attempt to provide a phenomenological explanation for the large variations observed in the values of the Monod constant, Ks, reported in the literature. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450113
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light/dark cycles in the growth of the red microalga Porphyridium sp. (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 59 (1998), S. 705-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: algal growth ; photobioreactor ; light/dark cycles ; photoinhibition ; airlift reactor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of light/dark cycles on the growth of the red microalga Porphyridium sp. was studied in a tubular loop bioreactor with light/dark cycles of different frequencies and in two 35-L reactors: a bubble column reactor and an air-lift reactor. Photon flux densities were in the range of 50 to 300 μE m-2 s-1, and flow rates were 1 to 10 L min-1. Under conditions of low illumination and high flow rates, similar results were obtained for the bubble column and air-lift reactors. However, higher productivities - in terms of biomass and polysaccharide - were recorded in the air-lift reactor under high light intensity and low gas flow rates. The interactions of both photosynthesis and photoinhibition with the fluid dynamics in the bioreactors was taken as the main element that allowed us to interpret the differences in performance of the bubble column and the air-lift reactor. It is suggested that the cyclic distribution of dark periods in the air-lift reactor facilitates better recovery from the photoinhibition damage suffered by the cells. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:705-713, 1998.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of phase separation for polyethylene glycol-phosphate two-phase systems (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 246-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: polyethylene glycol ; phosphate ; phase separation ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Phase separation times for polyethylene glycol (PEG)-4000-phosphate aqueous two-phase systems were studied, for small scale (5-g) and large scale (1300-g) systems, as a -function of the stability ratio. Profiles of dispersion height for both large and small scale systems were represented as a fraction of the initial height and were found to be independent of the geometrical dimensions of the separator. Furthermore, by plotting time as a fraction of the initial height the total time of separation can be calculated for a given height of system at a particular stability ratio. This generalization is important for the design of large scale aqueous two-phase separators. Phase separation times were also found to be dependent on which of the phases is continuous. A characteristic change in phase separation time was also observed at the phase inversion point (i.e., where the dispersed phase changes to a continuous phase and vice versa) and this point tends toward higher volume ratios as the tie-line length (TLL) is increased. Furthermore, the phase inversion point at each TLL corresponds to a fixed phosphate concentration. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260480311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysaccharide production by plant cells in suspension: experiments and mathematical modeling (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 732-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: plant cell suspension ; polysaccharide ; mathematical model ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Symphytum officinale L cells were grown in Erlenmeyer flasks at four different temperatures: 15, 20, 25, and 30°C. A mathematical model of the culture growth is presented. The intracellular and extracellular products are considered in separate equations. An interrelation between fresh weight, dry weight, and viability is considered in the balances. The model includes a description of the changes in time of wet and dry biomass, cell viability, substrate concentration and polysaccharide concentration, both intra- and extracellular. The model was tested by fitting the numerical results to the data obtained. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 732-740, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between CO2-mass transfer, light availability, and hydrodynamic stress in the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum in a concentric tube airlift photobioreactor (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 60 (1998), S. 317-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: CO2-transfer ; light absorption ; airlift photobioreactor ; Phaeodactylum tricornutum ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum was grown in a concentric tube airlift photobioreactor. A maximum specific growth rate of 0.023 h-1 was obtained using a superficial gas velocity around 0.055 m/s. Lower or higher gas flow rates limited the culture performance. To establish if the observed limitation was due to CO2 or to the photosynthetically active irradiance, characteristic times for mixing, mass transfer and CO2 consumption, and the photon flux absorbed by the culture were analyzed. The CO2-gradients in the culture were shown to be responsible for the limitation during the exponential growth phase, and both CO2 and light irradiance were limiting in the linear growth phase. The decrease in specific growth rate relative to the maximum was found to be related to the specific gas-liquid interfacial area, the length scale of the microeddies and the shear rate. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 60: 317-325, 1998.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the first-order approximation to the response of dissolved oxygen electrodes for dynamic KLa estimation (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 1161-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260351113
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