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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 45 (1994), S. 389-393 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Lupus vulgaris vegetans – Lupus vulgaris – Tuberculosis cutis luposa – Lungentuberkulose – Autoinokulation ; Key words: Lupus vulgaris vegetans – Lupus vulgaris – Tuberculosis cutis luposa – Pulmonary tuberculosis – Autoinoculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Lupus vulgaris is now a rare dermatological disease. However, in view of the increase in risk factors (immigration from areas endemic for tuberculosis, multiply drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV), cutaneous tuberculosis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. We report on a case of lupus vulgaris vegetans of the nose, which developed by way of autoinoculation of the patient with Mycobacterium tuberculosis from reactivated, pulmonary tuberculosis and responded well to tuberculostatic therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Der Lupus vulgaris gehört heute zu den seltenen Dermatosen. Insbesondere aufgrund der in den letzten Jahren zunehmenden begünstigenden Faktoren (Immigration aus Tuberkuloseendemiegebieten, multiresistente M.-tuberculosis-Stämme, HIV), sollten jedoch Hauttuberkulosen weiterhin in ihrer ganzen klinischen Vielfalt differentialdiagnostisch berücksichtigt werden. Wir berichten über einen Kranken mit Lupus vulgaris vegetans der Nase. Die Krankheit war durch Autoinokulation von Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis bei reaktivierter offener Lungentuberkulose entstanden. Sie sprach sehr gut auf tuberkulostatische Therapie an.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hautinfektionen ; Antibiotikatherapie ; Bakterielle Infektionen ; Keywords Skin infections ; Antibiotic therapy ; Bacterial infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background and Objective. For rational therapeutic recommendations the spectrum and resistance of bacteria in skin diseases were investigated. Patients/Methods. Within 4 months 911 swabs of dematoses possibly caused by bacteria were taken prospectively (481 outpatients, 430 inpatients) and the material cultured on standard media. The positive cultures including resistance screening of 210 swabs of 168 outpatients and of 175 swabs of 85 inpatients could be evaluated, the remaining cultures were sterile. Results. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent pathogen (outpatient 67%, inpatient 61% of all positive cultures), followed by streptococci (groups A and B; 25%). In patients Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common pathogen in leg ulcers and between the toes (45% and 70% respectively). 13% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to tetracyclines and erythromycin; one strain proved to be methicillin resistant. Conclusions. Cephalosporins (I. generation), penicillins with b-lactamase-inhibitors, and to a lesser extent isoxazoyl-penicillin and clindamycin can be recommended for the treatment of skin infections. Oral quinolones are suited for infections with gram-negative bacteria (such as beween the toes). The indications for systemic antibiotic therapy of leg ulcers should be restricted.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Fragestellung. Zur Erarbeitung rationaler Behandlungsrichtlinien wurde die Erreger- und Resistenzsituation potenziell bakteriell verursachter Hauterkrankungen erfasst. Patienten/Methodik. Innerhalb von 4 Monaten wurden 911 Abstriche entnommen (481 ambulant, 430 stationär) und das Untersuchungsmaterial auf Standardmedien angezüchtet. Bei 210 Abstrichen von 168 ambulanten Patienten sowie 175 von 85 stationären Patienten wurden Erreger einschließlich Antibiogramm ausgewertet, die übrigen waren steril. Ergebnisse. Staphylococcus aureus war am häufigsten nachweisbar (ambulant 67%, stationär 61% aller positiven Kulturen), gefolgt von Streptokokken (Gruppe A,B: 25%). In Ulzera bzw. im Zehenzwischenraum stationärer Patienten dominierte Pseudomonas aeruginosa (45 bzw. 70%). Durchschnittlich waren 13% der Staphylococcus-aureus-Isolate gegen Tetrazykline und Erythromycin resistent, ein Stamm war Methicillin-resistent. Schlussfolgerungen. Zur Behandlung von Hautinfektionen können in erster Linie Cephalosporine (I. Generation) und inhibitorgeschützte Penizilline, eingeschränkt Isoxazoylpenicilline und Clindamycin empfohlen werden. Orale Chinolone sind für Infektionen mit gramnegativen Erregern geeignet (Zehenzwischenraum). Die Indikation zur systemischen antibiotischen Therapie von Ulcera crurum ist restriktiv zu stellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The polysulfated polyxylan HOE/BAY 946, which has been tested in two pilot studies in ARC/AIDS patients and in asymptomatic HIV carriers in Germany, was believed to act by inhibiting virus attachment to the cell. However, the drug was also found to reduce the amount of HIV particles released from infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. Furthermore, preincubation of PBMC with the drug led to a partial inhibition of a following HIV infection, suggesting that the drug also affects virus entry. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements on uninfected human lymphocytes using 5-proxyl-nonane as spin label demonstrated smaller hyperfine coupling constant (aN) values in the presence of HOE/BAY 946 or dextran sulfate 5000. Accordingly, h-1P/h-1H ratios were decreased, indicating increased plasma membrane hydrophobicity and a membrane-stabilizing effect of the drugs. Culture of the chronically HIV-infected monocytic cell line U937/HIV-2D194 in the presence of HOE/BAY 946 specifically and drastically reduced the release of virions and the intracellular synthesis of viral proteins as determined by radioimmunoprecipitation and reverse transcriptase assays. In conclusion, although the EPR studies showed a physico-chemical effect on membrane polarity, HOE/BAY 946 and dextran sulfate clearly affect processes beyond the cell membrane. Thus, in contrast to previous reports suggesting that polysulfated sugars affect HIV only by inhibiting virus binding to uninfected cells, they clearly inhibit HIV in infected cells as well and appear to have a pleiotropic mode of action. Such drugs may be less likely to result in viral resistance after prolonged application than substances acting only on one step in the life cycle of the virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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