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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 155 (1979), S. 323-331 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Telencephalon ; Choroid plexus ; Lateral ventricle ; Blood vessels ; Micro Corrosion cast ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Corrosion casts of the complete vascular network of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in the cat brain were studied in SEM using the injection-replication method. The villi of this plexus are located only on its supero-anterior and infero-posterior parts, being most densely packed in the former region, close to the interventricular foramen. The capillaries of the villi display small nodular thickenings, which suggest the presence of small, sinusoidal dilatations. The main vessel supplying the plexus with blood is the anterior choroidal artery. The plexus is also characterized by a particularly rich venous network, which is drained by a prominent (main) choroid vein. The vascular organization of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in cat is compared to that of the corresponding plexuses in other mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 174 (1986), S. 215-223 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ontogenesis ; Vascular system ; Pia-arachnoid ; Microcorrosion cast ; SEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The postnatal changes in arrangement of the vascular system of the pia-arachnoid of rats are described based on scanning electron microscopy of microcorrosion casts and transmission electron microscopy. At birth, the distal arteries and veins are embedded in a dense plexiform network of immature capillaries. Arteries and veins are interconnected by many small capillary anastomoses. The trunks are located above the pial plexus. The underlying plexiform vessels provide the matrix for the formation of additional collateral and precortical segments during further development. During the first postnatal week, the distal pial arteries and veins become visible as separate channels and emerge from the subjacent capillary plexus. The pattern of anastomosing arterial rings is now clearly visible. The pial arterial tree can be subdivided into conductive, collateral, and precortical distributive segments, according to Jokelainen et al. (1982). Subsequently, passive expansion of the vascular system takes place during the period of rapid brain growth. In young adults the majority of the formerly closed arterial rings are interrupted, possibly by regression of single collateral arterial segments (Fig. 6). The dense venous capillary plexus of the pia is maintained during the first eight days in spite of marked brain growth. The process of reduction of this capillary plexus starts at the arterial side and proceeds from proximal to distal segments of the veins during the second and third week. The capillary segments, which provide anastomosis between arterial and venous vessels, disappear at the same time as the regression of the dense venous capillary network. Two processes may biodify the architecture of the pial vasculature during development: brain growth and maturation on the one side and cytodifferentiation of vascular walls on other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 155 (1979), S. 347-353 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Kitten tongue ; Subepithelial capillaries ; Micro-corrosion casts ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The subepithelial blood vessels of the dorsal surface of the tongue in young kittens has been studied by scanning electron microscopy of microcorrosion casts. These vessels entwine the vallate papillae distributed in the pharyngeal part of the tongue, form hairpin loops in association with the small conical papillae along the sides and at the tip of the tongue and establish regularly distributed subpapillary conglomerations over almost its entire oral part. These conglomerations lie directly on veins. Small arterioles reach the vessels surrounding the individual subpapillary conglomerations. By contrast with the arrangement of the superficial vascular bed in the tongue of the dog and some other mammals, no anastomoses between arteries and veins were observed in the kitten between the vessels which supply and drain the subepidermal capillaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cartilage canals ; Blood vessels ; Development ; Human fetus ; Corrosion casting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Formation of intrachondral vessels (cartilage canals) in the proximal femoral epiphysis was studied in 13- to 22-week-old human fetuses using a corrosion casting technique and scanning electron microscopy. Several successive morphological stages of angiogenesis occurring inside the hyaline cartilage were distinguished. The process of cartilage vascularization starts with the formation of hairpin loops sent off from the perichondrial vascular network into the adjacent cartilage. A capillary glomerulus is then formed at the leading end, and the entire vascular unit grows in length, assuming a mushroom-like shape. Its further elongation is accompanied by a backward expansion of the capillary network which surrounds a pair of main vessels (arteriole and venule) like a manchette. The subsequent branching of such primary vascular units proceeds according to the same morphological patterns. The resulting tree-like vascular formations become interconnected via their lateral branches. This study clearly supports the invasion theory of cartilage canal formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Bladder cancer ; Blood vessels ; Angiogenesis ; Corrosion casting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The vascular architecture of five advanced invasive papillary tumours of the urinary bladder was investigated using corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy. The superficial vasculature was composed predominantly of capillary systems of two types: dense flat networks with numerous interconnections and tightly packed tortuous loops, forming multiple irregular folds that reflected the papillary morphology of the tumours. The capillaries were supplied and drained by numerous straight nonanastomosing arterioles and venules, which arose by way of multiple branching of larger vessels originating from the mucosal plexus of the bladder. Differences between the tumours in the spatial arrangement of these vessels probably reflect different growth dynamics. The intramural parts of the tumours contained a chaotic network of straight, uniform capillaries with numerous sprouts, which was very different from the superficial capillary system. It is postulated that different angiogenesis-targeted growth factors may be expressed in the phases of exophytic growth and muscularis invasion of the tumour, leading to the formation of different microvascular patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 100 (1981), S. 271-283 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Cancer of the larynx ; Blood vessels ; Microcorrosion casts ; SEM ; Kehlkopfkarzinom ; Blutgefäße ; Plastik-Korrosion-Präparate ; Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der REM wurde die Morphologie der Innenabdrucke von Blutgefäßen bei Kehlkopfkarzinom untersucht. Als bösartige Geschwulst produziert es TAF und ist somit fähig, den Prozeß der Neoangiogenesis in Gang zu setzen. Die größten Unterschiede in den Replika-Mustern des Endothels im Vergleich mit denjenigen von normalem Gewebe wurden bei Kapillaren, Venolen und Venen festgestellt. In allen Zonen des Kehlkopfkarzinoms machen Kapillargefäße den größten Anteil des Blutgefäßlagers aus. Auch erweisen sie die stärkste morphologische Differenzierung sowohl im Fall von blind endenden, kolbenförmig im distalen Abschnitt erweiterten Röhrchen als auch bei Schlingen, die durch Gefäße recht verschiedenen Durchmessers gebildet werden, und deren Arme während ihres Wachstums einer oft sehr starken Verwindung und zusätzlichen Biegungen unterliegen. Die sich neu bildenden Kapillargefäße, die vor allem dem veno-kapillaren Gefäßlager der Umgebung entstammen, entsprechen dem Typ embryonaler Blutgefäße. Deshalb ist es sehr wahrscheinlich, daß der durch aktives Einwirken von TAF hervorgerufene Prozeß der Neoangiogenese im Prinzip einer Repetition der Mechanismen der embryonalen Angiogenese gleichkommt.
    Notes: Summary Morphology of blood vessels in cancer of the larynx, which as other solid tumors has great neoangiogenic abilities, was studied on microcorrosion casts in SEM. Most evident changes of the endothelial patterns were seen on the casts of capillaries, venules, and veins. Capillaries, especially the newly formed, are the most numerous constituent of the vasacular bed in all zones of cancer of the larynx. These vessels exhibit great morphological differentiation varying from the single, blind-ended pipes via relatively long hairpin loops spirally twisted in the long axis, to strongly spiralled and convoluted loops, resembling pseudoglomeruli. The newly formed capillaries deriving predominantly from the host's capillaries, venules, and veins have an embryonal character. It seems resonable to presume that the neoangiogenesis process triggered by active influence of the tumor angiogenesis factor, is in principle, a repetition of the mechanism of the embryonal angiogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 103-113 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Renal clear cell carcinoma ; Blood vessels ; Angiogenesis ; Corrosion casts SEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The vascular system of human renal clear cell carcinoma was studied using light microscopy of silicon rubber-injected specimens and scanning electron microscopy of conventionally prepared tissue and vascular corrosion casts. The system was found to exhibit the following features: (1) a well developed superficial vascular coat showing different pattern on the anterior and on the posterior side of the tumour, (2) an internal vascular network composed of altered and displaced preexisting vessels, numerous newly formed ones and those recruited from adjacent structures, (3) quantitative prevalence of dilated veins and distended capillaries, (4) a remarkable proliferative reaction of stellate veins, (5) characteristic features of the intratumour vasculature in the form of avascular nodules surrounded by basket-like capillary plexuses and separated by well vascularized “septa”, (6) a relatively less dense vascularization of central tumour areas, frequently exhibiting necrotic foci, and the highest density of vessels in areas close to the superficial vascular coat, and (7) morphological evidence for a continuous remodelling of the tumour vasculature. The observed patterns of the vascular system seem to provide a pathway for further tumour expansion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 242 (1995), S. 411-416 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Blood vessles ; Nasal mucosa ; Human fetus ; Corrosion casting ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The vasculature of the nasal mucosa in the human fetus so far has not been investigated morphologically by modern techniques.Methods: Nasal blood vessels were studies in 18-21-week-old human fetuses by corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy.Results: The general vascular architecture was similar to that described for adult humans, with (1) a dense network of subepithelial capillaries, (2) a mucosal layer of larger vessles, predominantly veins, and (3) large arteries located near the perichondrium. Specific vessel types characteristic of the nasal mucosa and important for its functions in adults, such as cavernous veins or cushion veins, were, however, absent in the fetuses, although probable precursor forms of cushion veins could be observed. The arteriovenous anastomoses had the form of short bridges, and no tortuous or glomerular anastomoses present in the mature nasal mucosa were found.Conclusions: The underdevelopment of some vascular areas is postulated to reflect the functional immaturily of the respiratory system in the fetus. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Salamander skin ; Skin capillaries ; Poison gland capillaries ; Microcorrosion casts ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microcorrosion casts of blood vessels in the skin of the spotted salamander, Salamandra salamandra L., were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The investigated vessels include a subepidermal network of respiratory capillaries and the vessels of poison glands. A hypothesis is proposed, according to which both types of vascular beds possess a common origin. Probable factors involved in the differentiation of the primary netword of the subepidermal vessels in larvae are indicated and speculation concerning the supposed mosaic type of circulation in the capillaries of the subepidermal respiratory bed is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 191 (1978), S. 539-548 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Frog skin ; Respiratory capillaries ; Capillary networks ; Microcorrosion casts ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microcorrosion casts of blood vessels in the skin of Rana esculenta L. were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy with particular reference to the subepidermal network of respiratory capillaries. Due to the fact that arteries and veins lie in the deeper layers of the stratum spongiosum of the corium, the respiratory vessels form a morphologically homogeneous network. Functionally, however, this network is subdivided into small areas with a centripetal direction of blood flow. The deep capillary net, situated at the base of the stratum compactum of the corium, is not so dense as the respiratory network and does not directly communicate with it. Alveolar glands of the skin have no effect on the distribution of capillaries in the two networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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