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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 62 (1998), S. 123-144 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Drei morphologisch definierte Generationen von Eisen-Oxyhydroxyden wurden auf den Oberflächen von Pyrit nachgewiesen, der mit Wässern der ungesättigten Zone einer Abraumhalde der CON Mine (Nordwest-Territorium, Kanada) reagiert hat. Die paragenetische Abfolge umfaßt einen frühen fleckigen und einen späten massiven Überzug der durch eine Generation von Fe(III)-Oxyhydroxyden von kristallinem Habitus getrennt werden. Gips und Steinsalz Ausfällung waren die letzten paragenetischen Stadien und weisen auf intensive Befeuchtung und Trocknung in der ungesättigen Zone der Abraumhalden vor der Probennahme hin. Fe2p Röntgenfotoelektronspektren (XPS) von angelaufenen Pyritoberflächen weisen auf zumindest zwei unterscheidbare sekundäre Fe(III)-Oxyhydroxydphasen hin; in Kombination mit O is Spektren zeigen sie auch, daß Ferrihydrit, Goethit, Hämatit oder Maghemit vorliegen. Geringere Mengen von As(IV) und As(111) liegen in diesen Überzügen vor. Frische Arsenkiesoberflächen, die mit Luft für 14 Tage, 16 Monate und 25 Jahre reagiert haben, entwickeln außerordentlich dünne sekundäre Oxydationsfilme, die nicht mehr als 50 A dick sind. XPS, Fe 2p, O l s und As 3d Spektren zeigen, daß diese aus Fe(III)-Hydroxyden, Arsenat (AsO[OH]3 oder FeAsO4), und reduzierten Arsenphasen, die Arsenit (As[OH[]3 oder FeAsO3) umfassen, bestehen. Die weite Verbreitung von reduzierten Arsenphasen wird durch die Diffusion von reduziertem As (e.g. As°) aus dem nichtoxidierten Teil des Minerals in den Oberflächenbereichen erklärt, dort reagiert es mit Oxidanzien. Kontinuierliche Zufuhr von reduziertem As aus dem Haldenmaterial und progressive Oxidation des Arsens nahe der Oberläche führt zur Bildung einer effektiv passivierenden Schicht. Während diese oxidierten Schichten die Oberfläche gegen Luftoxidation passivieren, verursachen wäßrige Lösungen umfangreiches Leaching von Arsenkiesoberflächen unter den oxidierten Schichten. Offensichtlich bieten diese Schichten geringen Schutz gegen Leaching durch oxidierende wäßrige Lösungen, wahrscheinlich weil die oxidierte Überschicht durch Auflösung von sauren sowie Ferritischen Arsenit- und Arsenatsalzen beschädigt ist.
    Notes: Summary Three morphologically distinct generations of Fe-oxyhydroxides were identified on pyrite surfaces reacted with unsaturated zone waters of a waste rock pile from the CON Mine (Northwest Territories, Canada). The paragenetic sequence includes an early mottled coating and a late massive (featureless) coating, separated by a generation of Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide of crystalline habit. Gypsum and halite precipitation were the last paragenetic events, and indicate intense wetting and drying in the unsaturated zone of the waste rock pile prior to collection. Fe 2p X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of tarnished pyrite surfaces indicate at least two distinct secondary Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide phases, and combined with O 1s spectra, indicate ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite or maghemite. Minor As(IV) and As(III) are incorporated into these coatings. Fresh arsenopyrite surfaces reacted with air for 14 days, 16 months and 25 years develop exceptionally thin oxidized secondary coatings no more than about 50 A thick. XPS Fe 2p, O 1s and As 3d spectra indicate that the overlayer is composed of Fe(III)-hydroxides, arsenate (AsO[OH]3 or FeAsO4), and reduced arsenic species, including arsenite (As[OH]3 or FeAsO3). The abundance of reduced arsenic species is explained by diffusion of reduced As (e.g. As) from the unoxidized interior of the mineral to the near-surface where it reacts with oxidants. Continuous supply of reduced As from the bulk, and progressive oxidation of arsenic in the near-surface, result in an effective passivating layer. Whereas these oxidized coatings passivate the surface against airoxidation, aqueous solutions cause extensive leaching of arsenopyrite surfaces beneath the oxidized coatings. Apparently, the coatings offer little protection against leaching by oxidizing aqueous solutions, perhaps because the oxidized overlayer is compromised by dissolution of acidic and ferric arsenite and arsenate salts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 334 (1988), S. 336-338 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been applied to many geological problems11'16, but depth profiling of minerals using SIMS is limited17'19. It is used here to document the near-surface composition of naturally weathered plagioclase. Samples were obtained from a 10,000-year-old thin till ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 16 (1990), S. 575-579 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper, we present results from SIMS, XPS and Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) in order to determine the nature of the phosphorus compounds produced by the reaction of POCl3 gas and chrysotile asbestos. SIMS ion images show that the phosphorus compounds are evenly distributed over the surface of the chrysotile fibres (within the resolution of the Cameca ion microscope) XPS and FTIR-PAS were used to monitor the conversion of the adsorbed POCl3 to a proposed polyphosphate coating. The formation of the polyphosphate coating occurs during the heating of the POCl3-treated chrysotile fibres to 300°C for 2 h. The resulting material is known as chrysophosphate. This study relates to the use of chemical coating to reduce the carcinogenic behaviour of chrysotile asbestos fibres.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 16 (1990), S. 581-582 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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