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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural tube formation in the mouse: a morphometric and computerized three-dimensional reconstruction study of the relationship between apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells and the shape of the neuroepithelium (1990)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 181 (1990), S. 49-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Microfilaments ; Cytoskeleton ; Morphometry ; Neurulation ; 3D reconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphornetry and computerized three-dimensional reconstruction were used to study the relationship between apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells and the pattern of bending of the neuroepithelium in the developing neural tube of the 12-somite mouse embryo. The neuroepithelium of the mouse exhibits prominent regional variations in size and shape along the embryo axis. The complex shape of most of the cephalic neural tube (e.g., forebrain and midbrain) is due to the coexistence of concave and convex bending sites whereas more caudal regions (e.g., hindbrain and spinal cord) generally lack sites of convex bending and have a relatively simple shape. The apical morphology of neuroepithelial cells was found to be correlated more closely with the local status of bending of the neuroepithelium than with the specific region of the neural tube in which they are located. In areas of enhanced apical constriction, microfilament bundles were particularly prominent. Morphornetry revealed that patterns of bending of the neuroepithelium were correlated almost exactly with those of apical constriction throughout the forming neural tube. These findings support the idea that apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells, resulting from tension generated by microfilament bundles, plays a major role in bending of the neuroepithelium during neural tube formation in the mouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189727
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A morphometric and computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction study of neural tube formation in chick embryos (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 231 (1991), S. 425-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The origin of the driving forces for neural tube formation remains uncertain but is currently thought to involve the participation of microfilament bundles situated in the apical ends of neuroepithelial cells. In the work presented here, we show how morphometric measurements that map local variations in the apical geometry of neuroepithelial cells (especially apical constriction) can provide information on the distribution of motive forces within the neuroepithelium during neural tube formation. When used in combination with computer-assisted, three-dimensional reconstruction, it becomes possible to analyze the morphometric data from a dynamic, three-dimensional perspective. As an example application of this method, we have used morphometry to evaluate the effects of ionomycin on the developing neuroepithelium. Treatment of early (stages 6-8) chick embryos with 5 μM ionomycin was found to cause rapid bending of the neuroepithelium within 1 min of exposure and a dramatic acceleration of the normal sequence of neural tube formation. Electron microscopy and morphometry revealed that this acceleration was coincident with a marked increase in the local degree of apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells, presumably a consequence of enhanced contractile activity of apical microfilament bundles. This work shows that transient elevation of free calcium levels can accelerate the usualal sequential phases of NT formation. The rapidity of the response (hours of normal development reduced to minutes), increased prominence of apical microfilament bundles, and the enhanced degree of apical constriction strongly support a direct causal role for apical microfilament bundles and apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells in bending of the neuroepithelium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092310405
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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