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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Tuftsin’: a Natural Phagocytosis Stimulating Peptide (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 228 (1970), S. 672-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To prepare leucokininase, polymorphonuclear leucocytes from 100 ml. of human or dog blood were isolated on glass columns4. These were lysed in 5 ml. of 0-34 M sucrose and the cytoplasmic granules separated out in the supernatant by centrifugal ion5. The sedimented membranes and nuclei, about 0-3 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/228672a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptor-mediated Internalization of Tuftsin (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 419 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb37097.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vivo and in Vitro Antitumor Activities of Tuftsin (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 419 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb37109.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potentiation of Antitumor Activity of α-Difluoromethyl Ornithine by the Immunomodulating Peptide Tuftsin (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 419 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb37113.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between serum ELAM-1 and metastasis among patients with colon cancer (1998)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 41 (1998), S. 770-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colon cancer ; Metastasis ; ELAM-1 ; Carcinoembryonic antigen ; Carbohydrate antigen 19-9
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: We studied serum ELAM-1 levels in colon cancer patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Serum ELAM-1 levels were significantly higher in 52 patients with colon cancer (mean ± standard deviation, 69.3±28.6 U/ml) compared with 32 healthy volunteers (36.5±11.9 U/ml;P〈0.001). The mean serum ELAM-1 level in patients with metastatic tumors was significantly greater than that of patients with nonmetastatic tumors. Sensitivity and specificity of serum ELAM-1 elevation in detecting metastasis was 75 and 87.5 percent, respectively. Those of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 elevations were 71.4 and 62.5 percent and 35.7 and 91.7 percent, respectively. Twenty-five (89.3 percent) of 28 metastatic tumors showed either serum ELAM-1 or carcinoembryonic antigen elevation. There were weak but significant correlations found between serum ELAM-1 and carcinoembryonic antigen or carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels. Moreover, serum ELAM-1 increased before detecting the recurrency by imaging in five of seven recurrent colon cancer patients. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that serum ELAM-1 could be a useful tumor marker for colon cancer, especially in synchronous and metaclonous metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02236267
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Astrometric Telescope Facility (1991)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 177 (1991), S. 307-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The Astrometric Telescope Facility (ATF) proposed for use on NASA's planned Space Station is similar in form and data output to ground-based long focus astrometric instruments. With a focal plane scale of 12.7 arc seconds/mm, the strawman design has a field size of 10 arc min square and a limiting visual magnitude fainter than 16. Output from an observation includes the X and Y coordinates of each star and its relative brightness. The targeted precision for the AFT is 0.00001 arc seconds. Portions of the observing program will be made available to members of the astronomical community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00643696
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antitumor effect of tuftsin (1981)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 41 (1981), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tuftsin, a physiological tetrapeptide derived from the Fc region of leukophilic IgG possesses a variety of immunopotentiating properties including the ability to act as an immunotherapeutic agent against the experimental tumors, L 1210 leukemia and Cloudman S-91 melanoma. Although the mechanism of action of tuftsin in vivo is not known, several types of leukocytes have been shown to become cytotoxic effector cells following activation with tuftsin. These cells presently include macrophages, natural killer cells, and granulocytes. The possibility that tuftsin can also activate other types of effector cells have not been ruled out. We feel this small peptide has a high potential (largely unrecognized) as an antitumor immunopotentiating agent. It is naturally occurring in man and appears to be relatively non-toxic. Its exact sequence (Thr-lys-Pro-Arg) is known and it can be chemically synthesized. Methods are also available to monitor the levels of tuftsin in body fluids. These properties along with its ability to control infectious disease make this agent one of the more promising immunopotentiators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225293
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of polyamine levels in cerebrospinal fluid of children with brain tumors (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 3 (1986), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: polyamines ; putrescine ; brain tumor ; medulloblastoma ; cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polyamine levels were analyzed retrospectively in 21 pediatric patients with different types of intracranial malignant tumors to determine the benefit of following these markers during the clinical management of brain tumors. The tumors included 16 medulloblastomas and 1 each of germinoma, ependymoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, astrocytoma, and malignant teratoma. The clinical course of each patient was followed by neurologic examination, cranial computed tomography, CSF cell count, and cytology after cytocentrifugation. The correlation of CSF putrescine and spermidine levels with the clinical course of the brain tumors was analyzed. The following results were obtained: (1) A significant increase in CSF putrescine levels was observed in children with medulloblastoma when there was recurrent or metastatic disease in the sites close to the CSF pathway compared with the children whose disease status was stable after successful treatment (P 〈 0.005). (2) The increase of CSF putrescine levels was the earliest predictor of recurrence or metastasis near the CSF pathway. (3) In tumors other than medulloblastoma, the levels of polyamines were not predictive of disease activity with the possible exception of germinoma. (4) Spermidine levels in the CSF were of limited clinical importance for patients with brain tumors. CSF putrescine levels may be the earliest and most sensitive quantitative marker of the progression of medulloblastoma, and their evaluation should be included in the diagnostic work-up and follow-up examination of children with medulloblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00165581
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amelioration of thrombocytopenia with concomitant ornithine in sarcomabearing rats receiving high dose difluoromethylornithine (1991)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 9 (1991), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: difluoromethylornithine ; ornithine ; thrombocytopenia ; antitumor activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dose limiting toxicity of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), when administered by continuous infusion, is thrombocytopenia. DFMO-induced antitumor activity and thrombocytopenia were time- and dosedependent up to 1700 mg/kg/d when administered continuously for 12 days. Concomitant ornithine administration (at selected molar ratios to DFMO) ameliorated thrombocytopenia induced by DFMO at a dose of 2000 mg/kg/day without adversely affecting its antitumor activity. The purpose of this study was to determine if ornithine could ameliorate the thrombocytopenia of higher DFMO doses and increase the efficacy of DFMO. Fischer 344 male rats with a transplantable sarcoma in the right flank were given 2000 and 3500 mg/kg/d DFMO alone or with ornithine at a molar ratio of 0.4 for 8 days by continuous infusion. Concomitant ornithine infusion overcame the thrombocytopenia that was induced by either dose of DFMO without reducing the antitumor activity against the sarcoma. The antitumor activity, tumor polyamine levels, and tumor S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity did not consistently change with increasing doses of DFMO or with the addition of ornithine to the infusion regimen. These results demonstrate that the thrombocytopenia induced by doses of DFMO greater than 2000 mg/kg/d can be ameliorated without compromising the antitumor activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00183572
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamines as biomarkers of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 59 (1995), S. 87-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Biomarkers ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ; DFMO ; Pharmacodynamic parameters ; polymines ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) play critical roles in cell growth and transformation. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, is considered a putative protooncogene crucial to the regulation of cell growth and transformation. Cancer patients have elevated levels of polyamines in their physiological fluids compared to normal counterparts. α-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific suicide inhibitor of ODC, exhibits antitumor and antimetastasis activities, and displays effectiveness in many carcinogen-induced animal chemoprevention models. Therefore, we are using DFMO in a chemoprevention trial for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III), and evaluating patients for changes in polyamine metabolism as an intermediate marker of DFMO effect. A preliminary study showed that several milligrams of abnormal cervical biopsy tissue contained detectable levels of ODC activity and polyamines. Additionally, the presence of cadaverine suggested bacterial contamination of these tissues. For this reason, normal and abnormal biopsies collected during colposcopy were rinsed prior to frozen storage. In most patients, abnormal tissues showed greater ODC activities and lower spermidine/spermine ratios than normal tissues. Patients are now being treated with de-escalating doses of DFMO (1-0.06 g/m2/day) for one month. To study the effects of DFMO in patients with CIN III, we are collecting blood and cervical tissue specimens to measure the following parameters: Plasma DFMO, ornithine and arginine levels; plasma N1-acetylspermidine levels; erythrocyte (blood polyamine carrier) free polyamine levels; cervical tissue free polyamine levels; cervical tissue N1-acetyspermidine levels; and cervical tissue ODC activities. N1-acetylspermidine will be examined as this compound is known to exist primarily in tumor tissues, not in normal tissues. We therefore established a high-performance liquid chromatography method for N1-acetylspermidine. We expect to find that polyamines are effective markers in analyzing DFMO effects in this chemoprevention trial, thus functioning as pharmacodynamic parameters as well as biomarkers for transformation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240590912
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