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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cavernous transformation of the portal vein secondary to tumor thrombosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: spiral CT visualization of the collateral vessels (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 385-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Portal venous system—Cavernous transformation—Collateral circulation—Computed tomography, spiral.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: We investigated the constituting collateral vessels in cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) caused by tumor thrombosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by using contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomographic (CT) examination. Methods: Fifty-four histopathologically proven HCC patients with tumor thrombosis-induced CTPV were retrospectively included and assigned to cirrhosis negative (n= 31) and positive (n= 23) groups. Another 15 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension but no HCC and CTPV were used for comparison. Standardized dual-phase contrast-enhanced spiral CT was performed for all patients. CT appearances of the collateral vessels of CTPV were observed, and their visualization rates were analyzed. Results: Biliary (cystic and paracholedochal veins) and gastric (left and right gastric veins) branches of the portal vein were the most frequently visualized collateral vessels of CTPV. There was a marked difference in CT visualization rates for biliary branches between patients with and without CTPV (83–94% vs. 0). No difference existed in visualization rates for gastric branches across the three groups (77–87% for left gastric, 58–61% for right gastric vein). Conclusions: Biliary and gastric branches of the portal vein are the major collateral vessels of CTPV. The intergroup differences in CT visualization rates may provide clues to the roles that they might play in the hemodynamic adaptation process of CTPV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002610000057
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter lesions in a population based magnetic resonance imaging study (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Leukoaraiosis ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Carotid artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral white matter lesions are frequently observed on magnetic resonance imaging of elderly, nondemented persons. There is evidence that white matter lesions are involved in the pathophysiology of cognitive decline and dementia. White matter lesions can be divided into those in the periventricular and those in the subcortical region. Pathological and epidemiological studies suggest that atherosclerosis is involved in the pathogenesis of these lesions. Our study reports on the association between atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries and white matter lesions in a population-based study among 1077 elderly subjects. We randomly sampled 1077 subjects aged between 60–90 years from two prospective population-based studies. All subjects underwent ultrasonography of the carotid artery. In addition, 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging was performed; white matter lesions in the subcortical and periventricular regions were rated separately. With increasing number of plaques in the carotid artery the severity of periventricular white matter lesions increased (P trend = 0.03), but not the severity of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.19). In addition, an increase in intima media thickness was borderline significantly associated with an increased severity of periventricular white matter lesions (P trend = 0.09), but not of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.68). These findings suggest that partly dissimilar pathogenetic mechanisms are involved in the etiology of periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050586
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronary arteries (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 873-885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Coronary ; Magnetic resonance coronary angiography ; Fast spin echo ; Echo planar imaging ; TurboFLASH ; Two-dimensional ; Three-dimensional ; Breath-hold ; Navigator ; Electron beam computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Conventional coronary angiography (CA) is the standard of excellence for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. However, non-invasive imaging modalities have developed that can play an important clinical role in the diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can offer a comprehensive evaluation of the heart and the coronary arteries by virtue of its high soft tissue contrast capabilities, double-oblique tomographic sections and the possibility of quantifying physiological parameters without need of ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance coronary arteriography (MRCA) using breath-hold and free-breathing techniques has been investigated but is still in the experimental phase; its precise role for the assessment of coronary stenosis must still be identified. Nonetheless, MRCA has proven clinically relevant in determining the course of anomalous coronary arteries and the patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. Novel intravascular contrast agents promise faster coverage of the cardiac anatomy and may provide a long-awaited boost for MRCA. Contrast-enhanced electron-beam computed tomography (EBT), another competing imaging modality, is now being subjected to widespread evaluation following initially encouraging results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050484
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronary arteries (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 12-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Magnetic resonance coronary angiography – Two-dimensional – Three-dimensional – Breath-hold – Free breathing – Navigator – Parallel MR imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Coronary angiography (CA) is presently considered the gold standard for the assessment of the coronary arteries. However, the presence of ionizing radiation, its invasiveness and the small associated risk of morbidity prompted long ago the development of more patient-friendly imaging modalities. A promising technique, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has been regarded as the major modality in the coming decade. Although still in its infancy qualitatively, its flexibility and non-invasiveness opens the door for a comprehensive evaluation of the heart and the coronary arteries in one single sitting with high anatomical definition and excellent soft tissue contrast capabilities, double-oblique tomographic sections and the possibility to quantify an innumerable number of cardiovascular physiological parameters. Numerous ideas have been assessed, comprising breath-hold and free-breathing two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurements. New ongoing trials with intravascular contrast agents may provide for all these techniques the long-awaited essential boost for reliable magnetic resonance coronary angiography (MRCA). Introduction of parallel MRI acquisition techniques, such as simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics (SMASH) and sensitivity encoding (SENSE) may provide the speed enhancement required to shorten imaging time for all techniques explored to date.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050004
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in patients with axillary metastases of occult breast carcinoma (1997)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 44 (1997), S. 178-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast neoplasms ; lymphatic metastasis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; unknown primary
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 4 women with adenocarcinoma metastasis in anaxillary lymph node and no primary tumor found,we investigated whether Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ofthe breast could detect a clinically and mammographicallyoccult breast tumor. MRI detected an enhancing lesionin 3 women and an enhancing double lesionin one patient. MRI directed ultrasound guided fineneedle aspiration cytology confirmed the 5 breast carcinomasin the 4 women. In women with metastasis in an axillary lymphnode consistent with breast cancer and without aprimary tumor, MRI of the breast should beadded to clinical examination and mammography before definingit as an occult primary and planning therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005774009740
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of pathological subtrochanteric fractures due to metastatic lesions (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a radiographic review of 54 consecutive patients with 24 impending and 30 actual pathological fractures due to metastatic bone lesions in the subtrochanteric femoral region. In an attempt to develop criteria for metastatic lesions at risk of fracturing, the following variables based on anteroposterior and lateral X-rays were considered: appearance of the lesion, width of the lesion, ratio between width of the lesion and bone width, length of the lesion, length of cortex involvement, proportion of transverse cortical bone destroyed and local pain. Nearly all (99%) of the lesions were radiographically classified as lytic. In 27 cases (50%) they were radiographically unmeasurable. Maximal longitudinal cortical destruction showed a difference between patients with an actual or impending fracture. Prophylactic internal fixation of pathological subtrochanteric fractures due to metastatic lesions has to be considered in cases of increasing pain. If the conventional X-ray can not be evaluated, a computed tomography (CT) scan has to be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393714
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of pathological subtrochanteric fractures due to metastatic lesions (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a radiographic review of 54 consecutive patients with 24 impending and 30 actual pathological fractures due to metastatic bone lesions in the subtrochanteric femoral region. In an attempt to develop criteria for metastatic lesions at risk of fracturing, the following variables based on anteroposterior and lateral X-rays were considered: appearance of the lesion, width of the lesion, ratio between width of the lesion and bone width, length of the lesion, length of cortex involvement, proportion of transverse cortical bone destroyed and local pain. Nearly all (99%) of the lesions were radiographically classified as lytic. In 27 cases (50%) they were radiographically unmeasurable. Maximal longitudinal cortical destruction showed a difference between patients with an actual or impending fracture. Prophylactic internal fixation of pathological subtrochanteric fractures due to metastatic lesions has to be considered in cases of increasing pain. If the conventional X-ray can not be evaluated, a computed tomography (CT) scan has to be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393714
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR imaging of clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma of the soft parts): a multicenter correlative MRI-pathology study of 21 cases and literature review (2000)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Clear cell sarcoma ; Malignant melanoma of soft parts ; MRI ; Magnetic resonance ; Neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To evaluate MR imaging and pathology findings in order to define the characteristic features of clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues (malignant melanoma of the soft parts). Design and patients. MR examinations of 21 patients with histologically proven clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system were retrospectively reviewed and assessed for shape, homogeneity, delineation, signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement, relationship with adjacent fascia or tendon, secondary bone involvement, and intratumoral necrosis. In 19 cases the pathology findings were available for review and for a comparative MR-pathology study. Results. On T1-weighted images, lesions were isointense (n=3), hypointense (n=7) or slightly hyperintense to muscle (n=11). Immunohistochemical examination was performed in 17 patients. All 17 specimens showed positivity for HMB-45 antibody. In nine of 11 lesions with slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, a correlative MR imaging-pathology study was possible. All nine were positive to HMB-45 antibody. Conclusions. Clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system often has a benign-looking appearance on MR images. In up to 52% of patients, this lesion with melanocytic differentiation has slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images compared with muscle. As the presence of this relative higher signal intensity on T1-weighted images is rather specific for tumors displaying melanocytic differentiation, radiologists should familiarize themselves with this rare entity and include it in their differential diagnosis when confronted with a well-defined, homogeneous, strongly enhancing mass with slightly higher signal intensity compared with muscle on native T1-weighted images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050592
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leucocytoclastic vasculitis as presenting feature of primary Sjögren's syndrome (1994)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 13 (1994), S. 269-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ; Vasculitis ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Described are two patients whose primary Sjögren's syndrome presented as leucocytoclastic vasculitis of the skin. One patient initially admitted complaints of dryness of the eyes and the mouth after direct questioning, and serologic testing revealed the presence of Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B antibodies. In the other patient the presence of antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors in serum were the only suggestions of the presence of primary Sjögren's syndrome. Primary Sjögren's syndrome should be considered in patients presenting with leucocytoclastic vasculitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02249025
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