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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrent thymoma: evidence for histological progression (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 27 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The clinicopathological features of nine cases of recurrent thymomas have been studied. At presentation, all cases were histologically classified as thymomas with cortical differentiation, including predominantly cortical thymoma, cortical thymoma and well-differentiated thymic carcinoma. In five cases the morphological features of the recurrence(s) were suggestive of a histological progression of the tumour from predominantly cortical thymoma to cortical thymoma and/or well-differentiated thymic carcinoma, usually associated with a more advanced clinical stage, the latter indicating a clinical progression. These findings suggest that all types of thymoma with cortical differentiation are histologically and histogenetically related neoplasms, associated with a more aggressive clinical behaviour and a significant risk of recurrence. The overall outcome of patients with recurrent thymoma in this series was poor, since six patients (66.6%) died due to the disease, 2–14 years after the first diagnosis. The clinical implication of our findings is that thymomas with cortical differentiation always need careful follow-up, even in those cases which are not obviously invasive at onset.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1995.tb00308.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopic thymoma: histological evidence of multifocal cortical and medullary origin (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 20 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twenty cases of macroscopically non-neoplastic thymuses obtained from patients with myasthenia gravis have been studied histologically. Seven cases were characterized by lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and 13 by involutional changes of variable degree. In three cases (15%), one with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and two with involutional changes, multiple microscopic epithelial lesions, 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter and consistent with foci of microscopic thymoma, were observed. Most of them were related to the thymic cortex and one, displaying a different histological pattern, was located in a medullary area. These observations provide morphological evidence of a possible multifocal origin of thymoma from distinct epithelial clones present in the different topographic areas of the human thymus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00966.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of epidermal and nerve growth factor receptors in human thymus and thymomas (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors has been investigated by immunohistochemical analysis in eight normal human thymuses and in 15 thymomas. Thymomas were classified into five different histological types—medullary, mixed, predominantly cortical, cortical thymoma and well-differentiated thymic carcinoma. In fetal and paediatric normal thymus, EGF-receptor was expressed by subcapsular, cortical and medullary epithelial cells, whereas immunoreactivity for NGF-receptor was detected on only subcapsular and Jullary epithelial cells. In thymomas, independent of their histological type, EGF-receptor was expressed by a large majority of epithelial cells. In contrast, the pattern of expression of NGF-receptor in thymomas was different for the various histological types. These findings indicate that the expression of both EGF and NGF receptors in human thymomas substantially reflects their expression in normal thymus, and suggest that EGF and NGF may play a role in the ontogenesis of the human thymus as well as in the histogenesis of thymomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1993.tb01181.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thymoma in childhood: a clinicopathological study of five cases (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 21 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histological and clinical findings in five cases of thymoma arising in paediatric patients have been studied. The age range was 11-15 years and no patient was affected by myasthenia gravis. All tumours were macroscopically encapsulated, but two of them displayed evidence of microscopic capsular invasion. Histologically, four cases were of the predominantly cortical type (organoid thymoma) with prominent areas of medullary differentiation and Hassall's bodies; one case was of the cortical type. All patients are alive and disease-free 3 months to 9 years after surgery. These findings suggest that thymoma in the paediatric age group may be characterized by fairly uniform clinicopathological features, with a low rate of association with myasthenia gravis and a favourable prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00344.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histiocytosis X and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia of the thymus in myasthenia gravis (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 14 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of a myasthenic patient with the association of unifocal histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma) and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia of the thymus is presented. The combined diagnosis was made on histological grounds and supported by immunohistochemistry. Two aspects of this case are of interest: (1) it is the first reported case of the association of histiocytosis X and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia of the thymus in a myasthenic patient; and (2) the pathogenesis of this peculiar association does not seem to be fortuitous but rather might be related to the general derangement of the immune system present in myasthenia gravis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1989.tb02182.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Organoid’ thymoma: a well-differentiated variant with distinctive clinicopathological features (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 18 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present paper describes the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of five cases of ‘organoid’ thymoma. The histological hallmark of this lesion is the prominent and diffuse ‘organoid’ pattern, defined by the presence of several areas of medullary differentiation. These areas, which are strictly reminiscent of the medullary area of the normal thymus, are scattered within a neoplastic tissue resembling the thymus cortex, the overall appearance mimicking that of normal thymus. All cases shared common clinical features: they were non-invasive or minimally invasive tumours arising in young or middle-aged female patients. Although the incidence of ‘organoid’ thymoma is low (5.2% in our series), our morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical data suggest that this peculiar tumour may represent a well-differentiated variant of thymoma, with low-grade aggressiveness and a distinct clinicopathological profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb01459.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrophages and interdigitating reticulum cells in normal human thymus and thymomas: immunoreactivity for interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pairs of monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies directed against interleukin-1 (IL-1) alpha, IL-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha were used for immunocytochemical identification of cytokine-containing cells in cryost sections of human fetal thymuses and thymomas. In the fetal thymus immunoreactivity for IL-1 alpha was mainly confined to the medulla and was detected in S-100 positive interdigitating reticulum cells. The pattern of immunoreactivity for IL-1 beta was similar to that for IL-1 alpha, but the number of positive cells was much lower. Cells positive for TNF alpha were extremely rare in the fetal thymus. In 11 thymomas macrophages were constantly present and were regularly distributed throughout the tumour, whereas S-100 positive interdigitating reticulum cells were fewer and were characterized by a zonal distribution. Thymoma-associated macrophages were negative for IL-1 beta and were poorly reactive for IL-1 alpha, only a few positive cells being detected in five of the cases. Some macrophages with immunoreactivity for TNF alpha were detected in seven cases; they formed rosettes with surrounding lymphocytes or were located in a perivascular position. A marked immunoreactivity for TNF alpha was constantly detected in mast cell granules, which were observed in nine thymomas but not in fetal thymus. Positive immunoreactivity of interdigitating reticulum cells for IL-1 alpha was confirmed in five reactive lymph nodes and was also observed in Langerhans' cells in dermatopathic lymphadenitis. Our findings suggest that IL-1 alpha is a crucial molecule for interdigitating reticulum cell and Langerhans' cell function. Furthermore, they indicate that most thymic cortical macrophages and thymoma-associated macrophages are poorly active in the production of IL-1 and TNF alpha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1990.tb00732.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with large multilobated cells: morphological, phenotypic and clinical heterogeneity (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 11 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ten cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, mainly composed of large multilobated cells, have been studied. Our results are consistent with the view that they represent a somewhat heterogeneous group of lymphoid tumours displaying different morphological, clinical and immunophenotypic features. In B-cell type the large multilobated cells were histologically characterized by prominent nucleoli and distinctly basophilic cytoplasm whereas in the T-cell type they had indistinct or small nucleoli and ill-defined weakly eosinophilic cytoplasm. These difterential features between B- and T-cell type were confirmed by electron microscopy. From a clinical standpoint B-cell type was characterized by a constant involvement of lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes and/or Waldeyer's ring); T-cell type showed, on the contrary, a more frequent involvement of extra-lymphoid sites (mainly bone and subcutaneous tissues). Our study provides some morphological features that may be helpful for a correct differential diagnosis in this heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1987.tb01853.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with Warthin's tumour (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 47 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02079.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemic lymphadenopathy (LAS) in intravenous drug abusers. Histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy: pathogenic correlations (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 9 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the present study we have evaluated the histological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and cell surface phenotypic features of lymph nodes from 19 intravenous drug abusers and two homosexual men with persistent lymphadenopathy syndrome and from six control patients. Our investigation has demonstrated that the lymphadenopathy of drug abusers is characterized by: (a) specific histological features with evidence of evolution from an initial hyperplastic-reactive to a late regressive-destructive stage; (b) T-cell surface phenotype distribution similar to that in the peripheral blood of homosexuals; (c) peculiar infiltration of the germinal centres by T8+ cells and by S-100+, T6+ interdigitating reticulum-like cells; (d) electron microscopic features indicating the presence of virus bodies in lymph node cells and in the intercellular spaces. These data suggest that the lymphadenopathy of drug abusers and homosexuals are similar pathological conditions with characteristic features which allow histological differentiation of this entity from those found in other viral infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1985.tb02810.x
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