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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermomechnical properties of unidirectional composites in their transition region (1980)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 42-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das thermomechanische Verhalten von mit einachsig verstreckten Faserstücken verstärktem Polymermaterial im Glasübergangsbereich ist Gegenstand der hier diskutierten Untersuchungen. Basierend auf strengen Theorien für die mechanischen Moduln und die Koeffizienten der thermischen Ausdehnung für viskoelastische Mischsubstanzen wurde analysiert, wie eine Einführung des Füllmaterials in die polymere Matrix zu einem Anstieg der Glastemperatur proportional zur Verstärkerwirkung des Füllers bewirkt. Das wird durch ein ausgiebiges experimentelles Material aus der Literatur bestätigt. Nur bei hochgefüllten Mischungen stört unvollständige Adhäsion die Verstärkerwirkung. Dies läßt sich auch dilatometrisch sowie auf zwei verschiedene andere Weisen mit mechanischen Testen zeigen.
    Notes: Summary The thermomechanical behaviour of polymeric matrices reinforced with long unidirectional fibres in their glass transition region was investigated. Based on rigorous theories for the mechanical moduli and the coefficients of thermal expansion for viscoelastic composites, it was proved analytically that the introduction of reinforcing fillers in polymeric matrices causes glass transition temperature to increase to an extent proportional to the reinforcing effect. This is confirmed by numerous experimental results available in the literature, except for highly-filled composites, where imperfect adhesion may counterbalance the reinforcing effect. Dilatometric as well as two different dynamic mechanical tests confirmed the latter. The variation of glass transition temperature as function of the various aspects of mechanical reinforcement was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01474952
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concept of boundary interphase in composite mechanics (1978)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 625-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The thermomechanical behaviour of a particle composite was evaluated under the assumption that a boundary interphase between the matrix and the filler particles develops, upon the thermomechanical properties of which the overall behaviour of the composite depends. This interphase exists in reality and it contains both areas of adsorption interaction in polymer surface layers onto filler particles as well as areas of mechanical imperfections. Under the assumption that the interphase is homogeneous and isotropic exhibiting perfect adhesion with both main phases a theory was developed providing quantitative means of assessing the adhesion efficiency between the phases and its effect on the thermomechanical behaviour of the composite. Experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01784402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mechanical behaviour of particle composites in the presence of shrinkage stresses (1979)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 257 (1979), S. 934-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluß von Schrumpfspannungen auf das mechanische Verhalten von Partikeln mit verstärkten Mischkörpern untersucht. Mittels analytischen Ausdrücken wurden wirkliche Systeme behandelt und der Einfluß der verschiedenen Parameter untersucht. Durch Energiebetrachtungen wurde ein Vergleichsmodul bestimmt, der auch für die Verformungsarbeit maßgebend ist, die durch Schrumpfspannungen in den belasteten Mischkörper eingeführt wird. Dies stellt einen Parameter dar, der nützlich für die Untersuchung der Bedingungen ist, unter denen Reißen oder Bruch des Mischkörpers aus der kombinierten Wirkung von ausgeübten und bleibenden Spannungsfeldern auftreten kann.
    Notes: Summary The effect of shrinkage stresses on the mechanical behaviour of particle composites was investigated. By means of analytical expressions, actual systems were considered, and the effect of the various parameters was studied. Energy considerations were applied to determine an “equivalent” bulk modulus, accounting also for the additional strain energy introduced into the composite upon loading, due to shrinkage. This is a useful parameter for the investigation of the conditions under which cracking or fracture of the composite may occur, as result of the combined action of applied and residual stress fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01520717
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dynamic properties of plasticized epoxies over a wide frequency range (1979)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 257 (1979), S. 478-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The dynamic mechanical properties of a class of plasticized epoxies were investigated over a wide temperature range by means of a Rheovibron Viscoelastometer. Master curves for storage and loss moduli were produced by means of the frequency-temperature superposition principle, as well as for relaxation modulus by a conversion formula. The effect of plasticizer percentage on the said parameters, as well as the loss peaks, corresponding toγ andα relaxations was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01626225
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic thermomechanical properties of composites based on thermoelastic wave scattering (1990)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 60 (1990), S. 431-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Die dynamischen thermomechanischen Eigenschaften makroskopisch homogener und isotroper Partikel-Verbundwerkstoffe werden mit Hilfe eines Modells, das auf der Theorie der Streuung thermoelastischer Wellen beruht, bestimmt. Die Energien der einfallenden und gestreuten Wellen werden ausgedrückt durch die dynamischen Spannungs-Verzerrungsfelder und Wärmefluß-Temperaturfelder, und zwar jeweils für eine einfallende Scherwelle uhd eine Linearkombination aus einfallender thermischer und Druckwelle. Grundlegend ist die Annahme, daß keine Wechselwirkung zwischen den betreffenden Feldern benachbarter Einschlüsse vorhanden ist, d. h. eine geringe Teilchenkonzentration und eine Länge der einfallenden Wellen, die sehr viel größer ist als der Durchmesser der kleinstmöglichen Kugel um den Einschluß. Das Modell wird auf einen Verbund mit starren und wärmeisolierten sphärischen Einschlüssen angewandt und mit Ergebnissen für einen weiteren Parametersatzbereich demonstriert.
    Notes: Summary The dynamic thermomechanical properties of a macroscopically homogeneous and isotropie particle composite are determined by means of an analytical model based on the theory of thermoelastic wave scattering. According to the present method, the energies of the incident and scattered waves are determined in terms of the dynamic stress/strain fields and heat flux/temperature fields, both for an incident shear wave and for an incident one consisting of a linear combination of a pressure and a thermal wave. The basic assumption is that there is no interaction between the respective fields of neighbouring inclusions, i.e. a low volume concentration of the particles and also a wave length of the incident field much greater than the diameter of the smallest sphere which can surround the inclusion. The model is applied to a particle composite containing rigid spherical, thermally insulated inclusions. Results for a wide range of the involved parameters are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00531254
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constitutive relations of periodic laminated composites with anisotropic dissipation (1993)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 64 (1993), S. 32-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Ein beschichteter Verbundwerkstoff, bestehend aus linear-elastischen, orthotropen Schichten mit duroplastischer Matrix, wird untersucht. Die Schichten sind beliebig periodisch orientiert. Zwischen den Schichten befinden sich thermoplastische Filme, die eine sich viskos verhaltende Haftung verursachen. Die konstitutiven Gleichungen, die einen derartigen Werkstoff beschreiben, werden mit Hilfe von Homogenisierungstechniken in Form von dreidimensionalen Spannungs-Dehnungs-Gleichungen ermittelt. Die effektiven elastischen Koeffizienten des resultierenden homogenisierten Werkstoffes werden dargestellt; charakteristische Geometrien und Eigenschaften der zusammengesetzten Schichten werden untersucht. Es erfolgt eine detaillierte Untersuchung der Dämpfung einer elastischen Welle, die in dem homogenisierten Werkstoff forschreitet.
    Notes: Summary A laminated composite, made up of linearly elastic orthotropic laminae with a thermosetting matrix is considered. The laminae are arbitrarily oriented in a periodic manner. Between them, thermoplastic films are inserted producing a viscous coupling effect. The constitutive relations describing such a medium are determined in the form of three-dimensional stress-strain relations, by using homogenization techniques. The effective elastic coefficients of the resulting homogenized material are given. Useful special cases concerning the geometry and the properties of the constituent laminae are examined. The anisotropic dissipation of an elastic wave propagating in the homogenized material is in detail studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00792342
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermomechanical properties of rubber/carbon black composites (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 4282-4286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The peculiarities observed with the mechanical behaviour of rubber/carbon black composites, due to the formation of rigid structures of carbon black particles within the rubber matrix, were found to occur with their thermomechanical behaviour as well. Application of a model developed in order to cope with the mechanical behaviour led to suitable modification of prediction theories, not only to provide good agreement with experimental evidence, but also to yield satisfactory explanations for certain associated phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00551920
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical analysis of a two-dimensional carbon-carbon composite (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 5495-5499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A two-dimensional carbon-carbon composite material consisting of stacked carbon cloths densified with a carbon matrix has been characterized with respect to its dynamic mechanical properties. Unprotected specimens and some protected against oxidizing conditions were investigated over the temperature range of subambient (−100°C) to 500°C. The reproducibility of the calculated storage modulus as well as the loss factor was within 5% at any one temperature over the entire temperature range. Results concerning protected and unprotected specimens were compared analytically and the difference of the relative plots above 400°C reflects the bad corrosion resistance of the unprotected samples under oxidizing conditions, where the carbon matrix material is more sensitive to oxidation than the fibre. The transition regions which appeared on the loss factor plots are strongly connected with the relevant secondary transition regions of the antioxidation protected material used. This technique, which has been demonstrated to be non-destructive for the sample analysed, proved that no differences exist in the dynamic mechanical properties of the specimens with respect to fibre orientation (warp or weft direction). Details of the experimental technique and assumptions made are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367820
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal properties of metal-filled epoxies (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 689-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal expansion coefficients and glass transition temperatures for metal-epoxy composites were determined experimentally. Results were in fair agreement with existing theories when certain fundamental assumptions were fulfilled. The effects of filler content and particle size as well as of adhesion between matrix and filler particles were investigated. The latter, in particular, was found to be of cardinal importance for the properties examined in the present work.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crosslinking studies in plasticized epoxies by means of dynamic measurements (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 903-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A class of amine-cured epoxy resins containing various amounts of polysulfide plasticizer were subjected to dynamic testing during curing at high temperature. Both E modulus and loss factor were determined simultaneously. It was proved that the method allowed for rapid determination of the general pattern of the crosslinking procedure and the necessary curing time and, in general, that dynamic methods are most suitable for the mechanical characterization of polymers under curing at each stage of the curing cycle.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200404
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