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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 26 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Endothelial hyperplasia has rarely been recognized in the thyroid. Ischaemic events or hemorrhage, sometimes as a result of fine needle aspiration procedures, have been regarded as possible causes. To clarify the morphological pattern and the clinical significance of this lession, we studied a series of adenomatous goitres and selected 11 cases showing prominent endothelial hyperplasia in an individual nodule. Grossly, the parenchyma of the affected nodule was substituted by greyish, friable tissue surrounded by a fibrous capsule and by a thin rim of residual thyroid parenchyma. Microscopically, fibrinous and haemorrhagic material was crossed by intercommunicating vascular channels or papillary structures. These were lined by plump endothelial cells. In only one case had pre-operative fine needle aspiration biopsy been performed: smears yielded a haemorrhagic background, fibrin and numerous elongated cells; colloid and follicular cells were virtually absent. In both surgical and cytological specimens a differential diagnosis with a vascular neoplasm, a rare occurrence in the thyroid, was taken into consideration. We conclude that intranodular reactive endothelial hyperplasia is a relatively common occurrence (1.6%) in adenomatous goitre and is of diagnostic interest in both surgical and cytological specimens, since it can mimic vascular tumours and may lead to unnecessary treatment if misdiagnosed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of signet-ring cell carcinoid of the gallbladder is reported. The tumour diffusely infiltrated the gallbladder wall and extensively ulcerated the mucosa. Neoplastic nests were composed of numerous signet-ring cells mixed with clear endocrine cells. The latter expressed chromogranin A, gastrin and somatostatin and contained neurosecretory granules. The diagnostic problem of differentiating between signet-ring cell carcinomas and composite adenocarcinoma-carcinoid tumours is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To identify histological preneoplastic lesions and early neoplastic foci, a histological and immunohistochemical study has been conducted on a series of 18 cases with the rare association of multiple intraductal papillomas and in situ breast carcinoma. The pathological and clinical data of these cases have been collated.A close anatomical and spatial association between the benign papillomas and areas of in situ carcinoma (mostly of the cribriform type) was a frequent finding.In agreement with the results of our previous investigations, cytoplasmic CEA has been found to be a marker of intraductal carcinomas, while staining for actin has been found useful to identify the myoepithelial cells present in benign papillomas as opposed to carcinomas. The immunohistochemical procedures for these two markers have been conducted on parallel sections; alternatively, an immunoperoxidase/immuno-galactosidase sequence has been applied on the same section.The results indicate that, in cases with multiple papillomas, CEA-positive, myoepithelial cell-free carcinomatous areas can be anatomically associated with and even present inside the benign-looking papillary lesions.These findings can be interpreted as evidence of a malignant transformation of intraductal papillomas, or, less likely, of their ‘cancerization’ by ductal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  Monoclonal antibody 34βE12 (Ck34βE12) recognizes a set of cytokeratins (1, 5, 10, 14) expressed in normal stratified squamous epithelium. We have recently reported its expression in squamous cell carcinoma and basaloid carcinoma, in contrast to large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, an entity with overlapping morphological features with basaloid carcinoma. We have now examined the role of Ck34βE12 in discriminating between neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine proliferations.Methods and results:  We performed an immunohistochemical study of 228 cases, comprising the whole spectrum of lung neuroendocrine proliferations and tumours. All cases of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (n = 15), tumorlet (n = 23), typical carcinoid (n = 27) and atypical carcinoid (n = 23) were completely negative for Ck34βE12. Although the neuroendocrine cells of small cell lung carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma were consistently negative, a strong and diffuse positive staining was found in the non-neuroendocrine components of combined small cell carcinoma (three of eight cases) and combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (11 of 12 cases). In addition, scattered Ck34βE12+ cells were noted in 11 of 64 (17%) large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and in seven of 56 (12.5%) small cell carcinoma, which were not obviously histologically combined. This heterogeneity of high-grade neuroendocrine tumours was not observed in carcinoids which lack Ck34βE12 clusters of reactive cells. There was mutual exclusion between expression of neuroendocrine markers and that of Ck34βE12.Conclusion:  We conclude that 34βE12 expression excludes the neuroendocrine nature of tumour cells and uncovers the real frequency of combined forms in high-grade neuroendocrine tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 31 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We studied 12 cases of hyalinizing trabecular tumour of the thyroid gland (HTT) with the aim of reviewing the cytological, histological and immunophenotypic features and of investigating the relationships of HTT with other thyroid neoplasms.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and results:Eleven patients were female and one male, aged 8–74 years (median 58). Ten cases had a benign behaviour, while two cases were locally aggressive. Of the latter, one developed distant metastases and the other is a recent case. All patients are alive 6–311 months after diagnosis. Cytologically, HTT was characterized by hypercellular smears with aggregates of roundish cells having features of papillary carcinoma (nuclear grooves, vacuoles) and fragments of fibrous tissue. Histologically, prominent nesting, trabecular growth patterns and a hyaline stroma (partly positive for laminin and collagen type IV) were found. One case was associated with a papillary microcarcinoma. Two additional cases had extensive areas of papillary carcinoma. In one of these, hyalinized papillary stalks were observed. All tumours contained thyroglobulin but not calcitonin. High molecular weight cytokeratin (a marker of papillary carcinoma) was focally positive in 4/12 cases only and thyroperoxidase (a marker of follicular adenomas, but not of papillary carcinoma) was found in 3/12 cases.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The immunophenotypic profile and the morphological features suggest that HTTs are an heterogeneous group of tumours, some of them probably representing variants of papillary carcinoma with hyalinized stroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 31 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antigen retrieval (AR) procedures are based on the effect of heating (by either microwave or pressure cooking treatments) on routinely fixed and paraffin embedded tissues. We observed that AR procedures restore the reactivity of endogenous biotin (EB) and report on the distribution of EB following AR in a series of routinely fixed and embedded tissues.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and results:Following pressure cooking or microwave treatments, a simple streptavidin–peroxidase staining revealed retrieved endogenous biotin (REB) in normal tissues (such as liver, kidney and adrenal cortex), in oxyphylic cells and in some tumours, especially in carcinomas of the kidney and of the adrenal cortex. In formalin-fixed (but not in alcohol-fixed) tissue sections, the heating procedures caused an intense and finely granular cytoplasmic reaction, following a routine streptavidin-conjugated peroxidase treatment. The staining was prevented by blocking of EB by a sequential avidin–biotin treatment.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Retrieval of EB reactivity can cause pitfalls in diagnostic immunohistochemistry but, alternatively, it might also constitute a useful and novel diagnostic marker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using immunoperoxidase methods, normal sweat glands, 44 benign and 4 malignant sweat gland tumors were tested for the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), pregnancy-specific-B1-glycoprotein (SPI) and actin (ACT). CEA and SP1 stained the secretory and duct-lining cells of normal eccrine glands. Among benign tumors, 74% were positive for CEA and 44% for SPI. The staining reaction was found mainly in luminal secretions and surrounding cells. Staining by SPI was reduced, but not suppressed, after absorption with the purified antigen. ACT was found in myoepithelial cells of the secretory tract of normal glands and in basal cells of all cases of hidradenoma papilliferum. Only 3 sweat gland carcinomas reacted for CEA. In a malignant chondroid syringoma, no ACT-positive cells were seen in the myxochondroid stroma. The potential value of CEA, SP1 and ACT in the diagnosis of sweat gland tumors is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 420 (1992), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; Oat cell carcinoma ; Neuroendocrine ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four cases of oat cell (neuroendocrine) carcinoma of the breast are reported. Three patients died within 15 months of the diagnosis and the fourth patient is alive after 44 months. Histochemical, ultrastructural and mRNA markers of endocrine differentiation were present in three cases. These tumours show histological similarities to breast metastases of bronchial oat cell carcinoma, but a distinguishing feature is the presence of in situ ductal lesions. It appears that the breast is a further site which has to be added to the long list of extrapulmonary oat cell carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Carcinoids ; Bronchial carcinoids ; Intestinal carcinoids ; Chromogranin A ; Chromogranin B ; Secretogranin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carcinoid tumours (bronchial and intestinal) were analyzed by immunoblotting for the presence of chromogranin A, B and secretogranin II. In all tumours an antigen corresponding in electrophoretic behaviour to adrenal chromogranin A was present. Lung carcinoids (3 out of 5) contained a relatively high concentration of a proteoglycan form of this antigen in addition. Chromogranin B was found in all tumours. In one and two dimensional immunoblotting it appeared identical to the corresponding adrenal antigen. Secretogranin II was also present, however concentrations (especially in intestinal carcinoids) were low and variable. Furthermore, in intestinal tumours it differed from the adrenal antigen by having a slightly higher molecular size and a more alkaline pI. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumour tissues stained positively for all three antigens. For secretogranin II the staining in intestinal tumours was relatively weak and quite variable. These results should provide a defined basis for immunohistochemical screening of carcinoids for the chromogranin/secretogranin antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 430 (1997), S. 397-405 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Thyroid ; Carcinoma ; mixed medullary- follicular ; Thyroglobulin ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Mixed medullary-follicular carcinomas (MMFC) of the thyroid are rare tumours showing the morphological and immunochemical properties of both parafollicular and follicular cell lineages. Their recognition is based on a classical WHO definition, although several other patterns have been described in recent years. We investigated 11 cases of MMFC by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) to analyse the structural features, the immunophenotypic profile and the calcitonin (CT) and thyroglobulin (TG) gene expression of the neoplasm. Histologically, 10 cases had mixed parafollicular and follicular cell populations in the primary tumour and 1 only in the lymph node metastasis. All cases were immunoreactive for CT (in medullary areas) and TG (in follicular areas and also in the solid component of 8/11 cases). These findings were confirmed by ISH analysis. Combined ISH and immunostaining showed that most cases had separate CT and TG gene expression, although rare cells with concurrent CT and TG gene expression were identified in 2 tumours. We conclude that (a) MMFC display heterogeneous morphological patterns and are a special type of thyroid tumour undergoing divergent differentiation; (b) in MMFC, CT and TG genes are generally not simultaneously expressed by the same cell, although dual expression of CT and TG was present in rare neoplastic elements; and (c) the origin of MMFC, whether they are derived from the ultimo-branchial body or result from neoplastic transformation of different cell populations following common oncogenic stimuli, is unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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