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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volume changes, warping, and residual stresses in beryllium bronze during heat treatment (1979)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 21 (1979), S. 717-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. As the result of decomposition of the α solid solution at elevated temperatures or under isothermal conditions there is a nonmonotonic change in the volume of beryllium bronze BrBNT1.9Mg. Depending on the degree and character of decomposition of the α solid solution after aging, residual stresses differing in sign and level occur. 2. Warping of beryllium bronze is greatly affected by the original structure and the stresses. With increasing rolling reductions during cold rolling of quenched beryllium bronze the warping after aging decreases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708640
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined aging of beryllium bronze (1985)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 27 (1985), S. 634-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00699368
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of beryllium bronze microalloyed with magnesium (1970)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 12 (1970), S. 106-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The addition of a surface-active element (magnesium) increases the dispersity and uniformity of the structure, reducing the average grain size of the α-solid solution and the inclusions of excess plases in quenched beryllium bronzes. 2. Microalloying of beryllium bronzes B2 and BNT1.9 with magnesium substantially improves their strength characteristics (elastic limit, relaxation resistance, cyclic strength) as the result of suppression of the discontinuous decomposition mechanism and the uniform strengthening of both the bulk and grain boundary areas. The best strength characteristics of beryllium bronzes were attained with 0.1$ Mg. 3. The newly developed compositions, alloyed with Mg, are designated BNT1.9Mg and B2Mg. The optimal heat treatment for these alloys is quenching from 770°C and aging at 320°C for 6h. 4. Commercial trials of the new beryllium bronzes showed that elastic elements of these bronzes have better combinations of basic properties than those of the standard compositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695887
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbide formation in alloy 40KKhNM during tempering after deformation (1978)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 20 (1978), S. 870-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The development of carbide formation in alloy 40KKhNM during tempering is accelerated with increasing preliminary cold plastic deformation. 2. Tempering at 500°C after large deformations leads to precipitation of numerous fine carbide particles of the M6C type that to some extent contribute to strengthening of alloy 40KKhNM during tempering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00703797
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of electroslag remelting on the properties of beryllium bronze (1979)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 21 (1979), S. 911-915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The use of ESR for beryllium bronze eliminates resegregation, reduces the oxygen content, refines inclusions, and improves the ductility. This makes it possible to increase the annual output and to use greater reductions (∼90%). 2. After quenching and aging or MTT of beryllium bronze BNT1.9Mg melted by ESR the bronze has a higher elastic limit and relaxation resistance under conditions of cyclic and static loading, high resistance to creep, high fatigue strength, high electrical conductivity, and higher fracture toughness as compared with standard VI bronze.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00706625
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the mechanism of plastic deformation in the alloy 40KNKhMVTYu (1982)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 24 (1982), S. 711-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. During the process of cold plastic deformation, several mechanisms of plastic deformation take effect successively in the alloy 40KNKhMVTYu: gliding of dislocations in the γ-matrix, deformation twinning, and martensitic γ→ɛ transformation. 2. Deformation with large reductions (70–90%) leads to the separation of a considerable amount of small particles of intermetallic compound type Co3(Mo, W), and this caused an additional increase of the strength of the alloy 40KNKhMVTYu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00772758
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of magnesium on the structure and properties of Al−Ni−Si−Mn bronze (1973)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 15 (1973), S. 684-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The addition of magnesium to bronze ANKMts 6-6-1-2 reduces the tendency to grain growth. Magnesium has no effect on the kinetics of aging, but slightly increases the hardening during aging. The optimal aging conditions are 425° for 3h and 450° for 2h. 2. Raising the quenching temperature of bronze with magnesium to 950° leads to an increase of the strength during subsequent aging. 3. The addition of magnesium reduces the degree and rate of stress relaxation under static and cyclic loads. The relaxation resistance is highest after thermomechanical treatment for the alloy with 0.13% Mg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654766
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the initial stages of aging in beryllium bronzes (1985)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 27 (1985), S. 302-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. On adding up to 0.4% Mg to beryllium bronze type Br BNT1.9 development of the advance precipitation or zone stage is accelerated during aging in the temperature range 150–340°C, and this is revealed in a reduction in activation energy for the process of supersaturated solid solution decomposition. 2. The structural state recorded in beryllium bronzes after low-temperature aging, corresponding to the initial stages of solid solution decomposition, is similar to that obtained in the initial stages of decomposition with short-term, high-temperature aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652100
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of microadditions of magnesium on the properties of cold-worked spring bronzes (1971)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 13 (1971), S. 939-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The addition of magnesium to bronzes OF6.5-0.15 and KMts3-1 in amounts of 0.1 and 0.2% respectively substantially increases their resistance to small plastic deformation, particularly under long-term static and cyclic stress. 2. The effect of magnesium is due to its surface activity in copper-base alloys. The adsorption of magnesium on internal surfaces sharply inhibits grain growth, resulting in a fine-grained structure, and also induces the formation of segregates at defects in the crystal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650550
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of transformations in beryllium bronzes by means of internal friction (1974)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 16 (1974), S. 982-984 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Microalloying of beryllium bronze with magnesium and phosphorus changes the character of the amplitude dependences of internal friction in the quenched condition, which is due to a difference in the concentrations and mobility of point defects, depending on the energy of the bond with impurity atoms. 2. For beryllium bronze of the BNT1.9 type there is a correlation between the changes in the basic parameters of internal friction characterizing the increase of resistance to movements of structural defects and the elastic limit. 3. For beryllium bronzes microalloyed with magnesium or with magnesium and phosphorus there is no correlation between the changes in the parameters of internal friction and the elastic limit. Microalloying has a stronger effect in the early stages of aging than in the later stages, since the pinning of structural defects is considerably larger than in standard bronze. 4. Two stages were noted in the process of hardening of beryllium bronzes microalloyed with magnesium and with magnesium and phosphorus. These stages in the increase of the reversible mobility of structural defects are distinguishable after aging at 340°C for 2 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663815
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