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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelin and endothelin receptors A and B in the human testis (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 199 (1999), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Blood vessels ; Leydig cells ; Sertoli cells ; Peritubular cells ; Microcirculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Human testicular capillaries interconnect Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules. Microcirculation and blood flow are therefore essential for the maintenance of spermatogenesis. The expression and the localisation of ET (endothelin) and its receptors in testicular tissue, in seminiferous tubules and in human testicular capillaries were studied. ET-1 mRNA was detected in whole testicular tissue and in seminiferous tubules whereas isolated testicular capillaries were negative. Big ET-1 (Big endothelin 1) and ET peptides were localised in Leydig and Sertoli cells whereas interstitial and intramural capillaries (within the lamina propria) remained unstained. ET was also found in mature spermatids. ET-A (endothelin receptor A) mRNA was detected in seminiferous tubules and whole testicular tissue whereas testicular blood vessels were negative. ET-A immunostaining was displayed in Leydig and Sertoli cells and in spermatids. ET-B (endothelin receptor B) mRNA was detected in whole testicular tissue, seminiferous tubules and in testicular capillaries. ET-B peptide was prominent in Leydig cells, peritubular cells, endothelial cells and pericytes of interstitial and intramural capillaries as well as in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. From these results we conclude that ET produced in Leydig and Sertoli cells can act in a paracrine manner via ET-B on the human testicular microvasculature and the peritubular cells. The presence of both ET-A and ET-B in Leydig cells and of ET-A in Sertoli cells leads to the assumption that ET could influence these cells as an autocrine factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050221
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientierende Untersuchungen über die Aktivierung Fremdstoffe abbauender Enzyme durch fortgesetzte Psychopharmakotherapie (1970)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 703-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The results of preliminary investigations about the activity of enzymes metabolizing drugs — especially psychopharmacological active drugs — were reported. This activity was estimated by measuring the rate of excretion of 4-Aminoantipyrin in the urine within 6 hours after intravenous injection of 1 g Novalgin®. The normal value was 53.3 ± 7.0 mg (mean ± standard deviation) for both male and female. After therapeutic doses of several psychopharmacological active drugs (tranquillizer as well as neuroleptics, thymoleptics or thymerethics respectively) administrated to patients with several nervous and mental diseases for one week or longer the excretion values increased to 107.7±34.5 mg for male patients and to 93.2±17.2 mg for female ones (with regard to sex difference:t=2.193;p〈0.05). The difference of the excretion rates of 4-Aminoantipyrin before and after therapy was highly significant (p〈0.001). However there were some patients with excretion values within normal range. The possible causes of this finding was discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden die Ergebnisse erster orientierender Untersuchungen über die Aktivität Fremdstoffe abbauender Enzyme — gemessen an der Umsatzrate von Novalgin zu Aminoantipyrin — mitgeteilt, die durch fortgesetzte Therapie mit Psychopharmaka um im Mittel etwa 100% vermehrt wird. Einige Ausnahmen von der Regel werden kurz erörtert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01493823
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteomalacia of the mother —rickets of the newborn (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 146 (1987), S. 292-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Osteomalacia ; Neonatal rickets ; 25-hydroxy-vitamin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During the last 4 years we observed four cases of neonatal rickets. The mothers of the infants suffered from osteomalacia for 1–3 years prior to its diagnosis shortly after the birth of their children. All four infants were born with craniotabes, and one infant had, in addition, a radial fracture. The diagnoses were confirmed by radiological and laboratory tests which revealed a rarefied bone structure, decreased serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and increased alkaline phosphatase levels in all patients. The disorder regressed under low-dose vitamin D3 therapy. As osteomalacia seems to be predominant in oriental women living in Berlin, it is necessary to consider vitamin D deficiency when clinical symptoms of this disease arise and to treat these women at least during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716477
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) byImmortalized LHRH Cells (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 9 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Former studies have indicated an influence of natriuretic peptides on LHRH secretion. In this report we demonstrate local synthesis of CNP in immortalized LHRH neurons (GT1–7 cells). Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and RNase protection assays a transcript for the CNP precursor was identified in these cells. Immunocytochemical data revealed the presence of the peptide CNP in GT1 cells, using a specific polyclonal antiserum against CNP. Electron microscopic immunohistochemical investigations also showed the strongest CNP-immunoreactivity in some small vesicles, providing initial evidence for the potential secretion of this peptide by immortalized LHRH neurons. Subsequent experiments demonstrated also that CNP elevates LHRH production in static cultures of GT1 cells. These data show for the first time the co-production of the functionally relevant natriuretic peptide, CNP, by immortalized LHRH neurons. Together with the recent demonstration of CNP receptor expression by these cells, we suggest that CNP may represent a novel autocrine regulator of LHRH neuronal activity. It remains to be elucidated, however, to what extent CNP expression in immortalized LHRH neurons reflects a co-localization in situ of CNP and LHRH peptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.1997.00563.x
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