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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 95 (1972), S. 18-26 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Three different methods are given for the Fourier analysis of time series leading to the determination of high reliable values of frequencies, amplitudes and phases of the inherent components. For two methods the hypothesis is made that the time series is sufficiently long to separate very close components, while for the third the frequencies are supposed to be given. Two of these methods have been applied to a time series obtained by sampling an artificial tidal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unter Verwendung eines speziellen Milieus wurde gezeigt, daß beiPhycomyces Na-Azetat die Vorstufe des β-Karotins darstellt. Durch Verwendung von markiertem Azetat (14CH3·COONa und CH3·14COONa) wurde bewiesen, daß 25% des Gesamtkohlenstoffes des Karotins aus der CH3-Gruppe und 50% aus der COOH-Gruppe stammen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part C, 34 (1989), S. 317-326 
    ISSN: 1359-0197
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 11 (1955), S. 115-116 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Description of an apparatus with which a great number (31) of radioactive samples can be measured automatically. The time required for collecting a preset number of counts is also automatically registered by 31 mechanical registers. Absorptions measurements until 12 various absorbers are possible, too.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 12 (1956), S. 116-117 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An apparatus for automatic scanning of radioactive parts of the body is described (scinti scanner). A lead protected scintillation counter is moved over the organ to be examined. The registered impulses are recorded on a special paper with a writing mechanism rigidly fixed with the counter. Three scanning sizes, scanning speeds and ray collimators are provided. The measuring time varies between 4 min and 4 h. Measurements are mainly done with iodine 131 (inorganic or linked to serum albumine or di-iodofluorescein) and gold 198.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 38 (1987), S. 595-623 
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary During the last twenty years, work carried out on radiation exposure of the respiratory tract due to the inhaled, naturally occurring nuclides radon, thoron and short-lived daughters has become increasingly important, because the doses received in the respiratory tract, due mainly to the effect ofα rays, reach values among the general population which are comparable to or even higher than the average exposures per year of a population undergoingX-ray diagnostic examinations. In this survey an attempt is made to bring together briefly the most important considerations leading to the determination and interpretation of these radiation doses. A brief introduction to the physical characteristics of the natural radiation nuclides reaching the bronchi and lungs with the inhaled air (Rn-220 - thoron and short lived daughters), and the deposition and clearance of the nuclides (often linked to aerosols), is followed by a discussion of the anatomical/physiological characteristics of the “lung models”, thanks to which it is possible to calculate the energy quantities (ie. doses) deposited by theα rays in the epithelium of the lungs and bronchi. In addition the retention mechanisms of the radionuclides (as free ions or as aerosols) are briefly described, and finally the calculations to determine the quantity of radioactivity remaining on the walls of the respiratory tract are given. The construction of dosimetric models requires relatively precise knowledge of the thickness of the mucus layers and of the distribution of the nuclides in the mucus, the ciliary movement, the depth in the tissue of the radiation-sensitive cells etc. On the basis of local doses it is then possible to calculate approximately the regional doses for bronchi, lungs and other organs (via blood, accessible by the nuclides before excretion) for the short lived daughters of Rn-222 and Rn-220. Determination of the mean effective dose equivalent requires, amongst other things, knowledge of the concentration of the nuclides in the inhaled air and the mean respiratory frequency of the members of a population. At the end a few brief remarks are made concerning the cancerogenic effect of theα doses on the individual members of a population (excluding mineworkers) and on the difficulty of making epidemiological interpretations of the available data.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Während der letzten zwanzig Jahre haben die Arbeiten über die Strahlenbelastung der Atmungsorgane durch die inhalierten natürlichen Nukliden Radon, Thoron und Folgeprodukte an Bedeutung zugenommen, weil die im respiratorischen Trakt, hauptsächlich durch die Wirkung derα-Strahlen entstehenden Dosen, auch bei der allgemeinen Bevölkerung Werte erreichen, die vergleichbar oder sogar höher sind als die jährlichen mittleren Expositionen einer Population durch röntgendiagnostische Untersuchungen. Mit der Übersicht wird versucht, die wichtigsten Überlegungen kurz zusammenzufassen, die zur Bestimmung und Interpretation der erwähnten Strahlendosen führen. Nach einer kurzen Einführung in die physikalischen Eigenschaften der natürlichen radioaktiven Nukliden, die mit der Atmungsluft in die Bronchien und Lungen gelangen (RN-220 - Thoron - und Folgeprodukte) und der Deposition und Clearance der Nukliden (oft an Aerosole gebunden), werden die anatomischphysiologischen Eigenschaften der „Lungenmodelle“ erörtert, dank welchen es möglich ist, die von denα-Strahlen im Bronchien- und Lungenepithel deponierten Energiemengen, d.h. Dosen, zu berechnen. Außerdem werden die Retentionsmechanismen der Radionukliden (als freie Ionen oder als Aerosole) kurz beschrieben und schlußendlich die Berechnungen zur Bestimmung der an den Wänden des respiratorischen Traktes verbleibende Radioaktivitätsmenge erläutert. Die Aufstellung von dosimetrischen Modellen bedingt relativ präzise Kenntnisse über die Dicke der Mucusschichten bzw. über die Verteilung der Nukliden im Mucus, über die Bewegung der Zilien, über die Tiefe im Gewebe der strahlenempfindlichen Zellen, usw. Anhand der Lokaldosen ist es dann möglich die Regionaldosen für Bronchien, Lungen und andere Organe (via Blut, von den Nukliden vor der Ausscheidung erreichbar) für die Folgeprodukte des Rn-222 und des Rn-220 approximativ zu berechnen. Die Bestimmung der mittleren effektiven Äquivalentdosis setzt u.a. Kenntnisse der Konzentration der Nukliden in der eingeatmeten Luft und der mittleren Atmungsfrequenz der Personen einer Bevölkerung voraus. Am Schluß werden einige kurze Bemerkungen zur ev. kanzerogen Wirkung derα-Dosen auf die einzelnen Personen einer Bevölkerung (Grubenarbeiter nicht miteinbezogen) bzw. zur schwierigen epidemiologischen Interpretation der vorhandenen Angaben gemacht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 7 (1956), S. 370-372 
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 222 (1954), S. 239-240 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Large lung sections of humans of advanced adult age revealed a markedly nonuniform retention pattern of dense anthracotic particle aggregates, with an impressive accumulation of this material along pulmonary lymphatics, i.e. the deep (peribronchial), septal (perivenous) and superficial (pleural) networks. Conversely, the alveolar parenchyme contained only occasional, small aggregates of macrophages heavily loaded with carbon, representing little more than 2% of this material in lung tissue. Although translocation kinetics of anthracotic particles cannot readily be compared to those of highly toxic α-emitting, poorly soluble radionuclides such as239PuO2, lymphatic drainage of the latter over the years may also be expected to lead to a concentration of radioactive material along lymph vessels. Since human data on the effects of inhaled239PuO2 are virtually lacking, the above distribution pattern is apt to help in identifying cells and other tissue components most heavily at risk. Findings are also relevant to the problem of “hot spot” formation in vivo and its possible sequelae. The latter are briefly discussed with regard to both stochastic and non-stochastic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 260 (1954), S. 154-160 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Durch erhöhte Calciumkonzentration läßt sich die Austrittsrate von 42K herabsetzen. 2. Dieser Calciumeffekt kann durch zusätzliche Steigerung der Kaliumaußenkonzentration wieder aufgehoben werden. 3. Das Membranpotential der Einzelfaser wird dabei durch Calcium über die Norm erhöht und bei der zusätzlichen Steigerung der Kaliumkonzentration unter die Norm gesenkt. Eine Beziehung zu dem Verhalten des Kaliumaustritts ist quantitativ unwahrscheinlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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