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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 16 (1972), S. 417-419 
    ISSN: 0027-5107
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: yeasts ; systematics ; basidiomycetes ; physiology ; DNA ; ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Reports of a yeast stage of the homobasidiomycete Asterophora lycoperdoides were reexamined. Substantial differences in the physiological description and a gap of 11% G+C content were detected between the yeast and the mycelium. On the basis of nDNA reassociation experiments and restriction enzyme cleavage patterns of mtDNA using two different enzymes it has been concluded that the yeast strains and the mycelia are probably not the same species. The results of earlier reports about the life cycle, however, cannot be explained with these data. This yeast is newly described, because it shows unique physiological properties and no significant homology in DNA-DNA reassociation experiments to species it would normally be identified with in the literature. Because of its dolipore with cup-shaped parenthesome, we prefer the term tremelloid over assigning the strains to any existing genus, because no sexual structure or ballistospore has been observed so far.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 156 (1977), S. 333-345 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Eight mutants were isolated following mutagen treatment which are deficient in laccase formation. Seven of these had a pleiotropic effect and exhibited defects in growth rate and in mycelial and sexual morphology. 2. By means of tetrad analysis the mutations were assigned to 6 loci. Three mutations were in the incolora locus, the others were non-allelic. Only two of these loci were closely linked. 3. All genes exhibit numerous interactions. These concern the morphological expression of the laccase genes and also the laccase spectra. 4. The mutants could be separated into four classes on the basis of the amount and type of laccase produced. 5. Five of the loci studied appear to be structural genes because mutation alters the physical properties of the laccase protein. The sixth gene has a regulatory role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Basidiomycetes ; Polyporus ciliatus ; Fruiting ; Genetic control ; Breeding ; Sexuality ; Apomixis ; Speciation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using mainly the basidiomycetePolyporus ciliatus, we were able to produce fully developed fruitbodies not only in the normal meiotic cycle (teleomorphic = perfect) but in some stocks also in the mitotic cycle (anamorphic = imperfect) of exclusively haploid mycelia. These haploid and mitotic fruitbodies can be distinguished from dikaryotic ones only by microscopic examination, i.e. by their lack of clamp connections, karyogamy and meiosis, the production of two-spored basidia with few, but larger basidiospores. Using three other stocks of isogenic mycelial strains that did not form any fruiting structures from either haploid or dikaryotic mycelia with clamp connections, we could not find any evidence for a “fruiting initiation gene” as was postulated byEsser & al. (1977). No fruitbodies occurred in compatible combinations within one isogenic stock, but normal fruitbodies are produced abundantly in crossings of different isogenic stocks. We were able to confirm these results with the help of the non-fruiting strains originally used byStahl & Esser (1976).—Our experimental results are compatible with the hypothesis suggested byKniep (1930): The genetic control of the sexual cycle by the mating type factors A and B on the one hand, and of the fruitbody formation on the other, are essentially independent. For the latter, a multitude of different genes has been proposed. Fruitbody formation thus is a typical polygenic character. The results of experiments on two other morphological characters i.e. primordia and coralloid structures, also correspond with this genetic concept.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Ashbya ; Eremothecium ; Holleya ; Kluyveromyces ; Metschnikowia ; Nematospora ; Saccharomyces ; Crustaceae ; Diplopoda ; Heteroptera ; Saccharomycetaceae ; phylogeny ; taxonomy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phylogenetic relationships between species from the genera Kluyveromyces and Saccharomyces and representatives of the Metschnikowiaceae (Holleya, Metschnikowia, Nematospora) including the two filamentous phytopathogenic fungi Ashbya gossypii and Eremothecium ashbyii were studied by comparing the monosaccharide pattern of purified cell walls, the ubiquinone system, the presence of dityrosine in ascospore walls, and nucleotide sequences of ribosomal DNA (complete 18S rDNA, ITS1 and ITS2 region). Based on sequence information from both ITS regions, the genera Ashbya, Eremothecium, Holleya and Nematospora are closely related and may be placed in a single genus as suggested by Kurtzman (1995; J. Industr. Microbiol. 14, 523-530). In a phylogenetic tree derived from the ITS1 and ITS2 region as well as in a tree derived from the complete 18S rDNA gene, the genus Metschnikowia remains distinct. The molecular evidence from ribosomal sequences suggests that morphology and ornamentation of ascospores as well as mycelium formation and fermentation should not be used as differentiating characters in family delimitation. Our data on cell wall sugars, ubiquinone side chains, dityrosine, and ribosomal DNA sequences support the inclusion of plant pathogenic, predominantly filamentous genera like Ashbya and Eremothecium or dimorphic genera like Holleya and Nematospora with needle-shaped ascospores within the family Saccharomycetaceae. After comparison of sequences from the complete genes of the 18S rDNA the genus Kluyveromyces appears heterogeneous. The type species of the genus, K. polysporus is congeneric with the genus Saccharomyces. The data of Cai et al. (1996; Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46, 542-549) and our own data suggest to conserve the genus Kluyveromyces for a clade containing K. marxianus, K. dobzhanskii, K. wickerhamii and K. aestuarii, which again can be included in the family Saccharomycetaceae. The phylogenetic age of the Metschnikowiaceae and Saccharomycetaceae will be discussed in the light of coevolution. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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