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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorghum mitochondrial orf25 and a related chimeric configuration of a male-sterile cytoplasm (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 29 (1996), S. 265-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Sorghum ; Mitochondrial DNA ; orf25 ; Cytoplasmic male sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We describe fundamental characteristics of sorghum mitochondrial orf25,urf209, and a related chimeric configuration,orf265/130, which is restricted to the IS1112C source of cytoplasmic male sterility in sorghum. Transcripts ofurf209 are edited at ten nucleotides, resulting in nine amino-acid changes predicted from genomic sequences. The eDNA-predicted polypeptide product is 23.6 kDa, while Western blot analyses identify a product of 20 kDa. Transcription ofurf209 is characterized by one or two transcripts, dependent on nuclear background, but this difference is not related to male fertility status. Theorf265/130 chimeric region includes 288 by 95% identical to sequences 5′ to maize T-cytoplasmT-urf13 andatp6, which includes a common transcription initiation site, and terminates with a recombinational event involvingurf209. Theurf209 similarity extends 189 bp, followed by sequences duplicated 5′ to sorghumatp6-2. Sequences immediately 3′ to theatp6-2 similarity include a second inframe start codon, definingorf130. Structural features 5′ toorf130 are shared with motifs found 5′ to several translated mitochondrial open reading frames. Theorf265/orf130 configuration is uniquely transcribed, and transcripts oforf130 exhibit one silent RNA editing event. Transcription in somatic cells is not altered by male fertility status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221557
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear genes from Tx CMS maintainer lines are unable to maintain atp6 RNA editing in any anther cell-type in the Sorghum bicolor A3 cytoplasm (1999)
    Springer
    Current genetics 36 (1999), S. 62-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) ; Sorghum bicolor ; Tissue-specific mitochondrial ; RNA editing ; Pollen development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract RNA editing and cytoplasmic male sterility are two important phenomena associated with higher plant mitochondria. We recently have shown a potential function of RNA editing in CMS development. The frequency of atp6 RNA editing was specifically reduced in anthers of male-sterile Sorghum bicolor, which increased in frequency in partially restored progeny. Here we present data that show that the loss of RNA editing capability also occurs in a second nuclear background that allows the expression of male sterility. Loss of RNA editing thus appears to be associated with unique combinations of male-sterile cytoplasm and non-restoring nuclear backgrounds. In addition, the reduction of RNA editing affects both gametophytic and sporophytic anther cell-types but not other floral tissues. An analysis of F2 plants exhibiting different levels of fertility indicates a co-segregation of fertility restoration and atp6 RNA editing. The atp6 transcript abundance is similar in seedlings and anthers of male-sterile, partially restored, and male-fertile lines and thus is not associated with loss of atp6 RNA editing in anthers. A model for RNA editing and male sterility based on the data available is presented. Functional correlations with other CMS systems are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050473
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linearization of maize mitochondrial chromosomes by recombination with linear episomes (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 310 (1984), S. 292-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Cytoplasmic male sterility in maize is determined by the mitochondrial genotype. One strain of cytoplasmically male sterile maize contains, in addition to the usual circular mitochondrial chromosomes, two short linear episomes, S-1 and S-2. We report here that S-1 and S-2 can recombine with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/310292a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequence and molecular characterization of a maize mitochondrial plasmid-like DNA (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 617-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Transcription ; Distribution ; A+T rich ; Nuclear homology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mitochondrial genome of Black Mexican Sweet maize consists of the principal genome, a 2.3 kb minilinear DNA, a 1,913 by (1.9 kb) and a 1,445 bp (1.4 kb) minicircular DNA. The three extrachromosomal DNAs exhibit characteristics of autonomous replication in cell suspension culture. The complete sequence of the 1.4 kb minicircle was determined. It has 61 by of near perfect sequence homology to the 1.9 kb minicircle. Both minicircular DNAs are transcriptionally active; the longest open reading frame of the 1.4 kb minicircle was 231 bp. A putative origin of replication was identified as a high A+T sequence. These minicircles were present in some but not all of 20 maize lines surveyed. None of the lines examined carried the 1.4 kb minicircle without the 1.9 kb minicircle. Nuclear DNA of one line of the seven examined carried homology to both DNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368065
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editing of mitochondrial atp9 transcripts from two sorghum lines (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 483-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Plant mitochondria ; RNA editing ; ATP synthase subunit 9 ; Sorghum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genomic and cDNA sequences of the ATP synthase complex subunit 9 (atp9) genes from two sorghum lines were determined. Sequences of cDNAs revealed eight C to U transcript editing events resulting in six amino acid changes and a new stop codon which eliminated 12 carboxy-terminal residues, compared to the genomic sequence. Sorghum atp9 has a unique five-residue amino-extension relative to other higher plants. The resulting predicted 79-residue gene product has a molecular weight of 8.179 kDa. The predicted phe-valphe carboxy-terminus is identical to that from cDNA sequences of wheat, Oenothera, and petunia. Partial editing of transcripts was detected in each sorghum line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334776
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preferential amplification of mitochondrial DNA fragments in somatic hybrids of the Gramineae (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 241-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: DNA amplification ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Somatic hybrid ; Gramineae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Somatic hybrid cell lines of Pennisetum americanum + Panicum maximum, and of Pennisetum americanum + Saccharum officinarum display unique mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction patterns suggestive of mitochondrial fusion and recombination. Apparent recombinant fragments of the hybrids were recovered, cloned, and hybridized to parental and somatic hybrid mtDNAs. In each somatic hybrid, “novel” fragments were found to be present at low copy number in one or both of the parental mtDNAs, and amplified 15–30 times in the hybrids. In pearl millet-sugarcane somatic hybrid cells, the amplification does not appear to involve enhanced recombination. The presumably amplified restriction fragment of the pearl millet-Guinea grass somatic hybrids is a junction fragment of a repeat, present in low copy number in both parents, and in high copy number in the hybrids. Thus protoplast and probable mitochondrial fusion results in a marked shift in the direction of mtDNA recombination events. We conclude that amplification of parental mtDNA fragments is a common event in somatic hybrid cells of these Gramineae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387770
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in the alteration of maize mitochondrial orf221 transcripts (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 951-958 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize (Zea mays L.) ; Mitochondrial mRNA transcription ; orf221 ; Nuclear-mitochondrial interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in the alteration of maize (Zea mays L.) mitochondrial orf221 transcript patterns was examined. Northern analyses involving specific maize nuclear genotypes associated with N, C or S cytoplasms revealed considerable orf221 transcript heterogeneity. F1 progenies were developed from maize inbred-cytoplasm combinations that differed for orf221 transcript patterns. Northern analyses revealed that the presence or level of abundance of certain orf221 transcripts was dependent on nuclear genotype. The maize inbred B37(C) exhibits orf221 transcripts of 3500, 3200, 2800, and 1300 nt whereas the F1 of B37(C) x Ky21(N) does not exhibit a 2800-nt transcript but does give transcripts of 2100 and 1250 nt in addition to 3500-, 3200- and 1300-nt transcripts. Northern analyses also suggested that the size or the presence of certain orf221 transcripts was related to the mitochondrial genome configuration. Maize inbred A619 exhibits a 2300-nt orf221 transcript when associated with N cytoplasm and a 2100-nt orf221 transcript when associated with C and S cytoplasms. As a result of deletion of the gene T-urf13, the A188(T7) mitochondrial mutant exhibits only a 3100-nt orf221 transcript and not the very complex T-urf13/orf221 transcript pattern associated with A188(T). The genetic stock A188(T7) x W64A(N)2 gives a highly abundant 2100-nt orf221 transcript not detected in A188(T7). Deletion of T-urf13 has enabled the nuclear genotype of W64A(N) to alter orf221 transcript patterns in a manner not detected in T cytoplasm. This observation suggests that alteration of the mitochondrial genomic configuration adjacent to orf221 results in a different response to nuclear gene products from that observed when or2f21 is present in the T mitochondrial genome configuration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224523
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A physical map of the sorghum chloroplast genome (1986)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 6 (1986), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Sorghum ; chloroplast DNA ; maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chloroplast genome of the IS1112C cytoplasm of sorghum was mapped by the construction of a Bam-HI library in pUC8, and hybridization with BamHI, SalI, and PstI digests of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) of sorghum and maize. The molecules are extensively colinear, with only one of 13 SalI fragments differing slightly from maize. Seven of 70 restriction sites differed in the two species. A total molecular size of ca. 138 kb was estimated for sorghum. The inverted repeat was not conserved between sorghum and maize, as revealed by a slightly larger BamHI 16S rDNA fragment in sorghum. Homology of a sequence adjacent to the γbcl gene and one end of the inverted repeat was detected. These homologies were also observed in maize, and suggest that the ctDNA genomes of sorghum and maize share small reiterations of sequences of the inverted repeat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027305
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication and amplification of the small mitochondrial DNAs in a cell suspension of Black Mexican Sweet maize (1987)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 10 (1987), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cell suspension ; DNA amplification ; DNA replication ; maize mitochondrial DNA ; minicircular DNAs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mitochondrial genome of Black Mexican Sweet (BMS) maize includes the principal genome and two transcriptionally active minicircular DNAs of 1913 and 1445 bp. A cell suspension of this line was used to study the biology and replication of the minicircular DNAs. Synthesis of the DNAs was measured by 32P incorporation; all mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) were synthesized rapidly during logarithmic growth phases, whereas no synthesis could be detected in stationary phase. When stationary phase cultures were placed in fresh medium and incorporation was measured over time, the 1.9-kb minicircle renewed 32P incorporation prior to incorporation into the 1.4-kb minicircle, the principal mitochondrial genome, or the nuclear genome. Interestingly, plastid DNA renewed incorporation at the same time as the 1.9-kb minicircle. The early replication of the 1.9-kb minicircle relative to the other DNAs increased the copy number of this DNA relative to the other mitochondrial DNAs. The copy number of the minicircular DNAs also varied between leaf cells and the cell suspension. This indicates that components of the mitochondrial genome exhibit differential replication. The ability to follow replication of individual mitochondrial components makes this system valuable for studies of DNA replication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016146
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circular plasmid DNAs from mitochondria of Sorghum bicolor (1985)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 5 (1985), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterility ; mitochondrial DNA ; plasmids ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Agarose gel electrophoresis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the IS1112C male-sterile cytoplasm of Sorghum bicolor (S. bicolor) revealed plasmid-like DNAs additional to the linear N1 and N2 molecules. Mitochondrial plasmids were separated from the principal mitochondrial genome and used in the construction of molecular clones. Clones with EcoRI inserts of 1.7 and 2.3 kb were recovered. Hybridization of these clones to Southern blots of unrestricted and EcoRI-digested IS1112C mitochondrial plasmids indicated the cloned inserts were complete or nearly-complete copies of minicircular DNA molecules. These clones were used to probe Southern blots of mitochondrial genomes from six cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) and five male-fertile (MF) lines of S. bicolor, as well as Southern blots of IS1112C chloroplast, kafir chloroplast, IS1112C nuclear, and kafir nuclear genomes. The 2.3 and 1.7 kb plasmids had a very limited distribution among the sorghum entries we examined. We found no evidence for integrated copies of these sequences in any of the mitochondrial, chloroplast, or nuclear genomes probed in this study. However, the 2.3 kb sorghum minicircle did hybridize to the 1.94 kb minicircle from maize mitochondria. Hybridization of the 1.7 and 2.3 kb clones to IS111L2C mitochondrial RNA reveal a transcript of 1.1 kb from the 1.7 kb minicircle and transcripts of 1.9 and 1.4 kb from the 2.3 kb molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020628
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